被动语态讲解09851课件

被动语态被动语态专项讲练专项讲练ThepassivevoiceThepassivevoice被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由被动语态由被动语态由被动语态由be+be+过去分词构成，时态通过过去分词构成，时态通过过去分词构成，时态通过过去分词构成，时态通过bebe表现出来表现出来表现出来表现出来。各种句型的被动形式各种句型的被动形式肯定句肯定句 主语主语+be+be+过去分词过去分词+（by by）否定句否定句 主语主语+be not+be not+过去分词过去分词+（by by）一般疑问句一般疑问句 Be+Be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+(by+(by)?)?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词+be+be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词 +（by by）？）？注意：注意：这里这里be的形式决定了被动语态的的形式决定了被动语态的时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。重点内容重点内容主动句与被动句之间的转换主动句与被动句之间的转换Weboughtsomebooks.主语主语+谓语动词过去式的主动语态谓语动词过去式的主动语态+宾语宾语Somebookswerebought(byus)主语主语+谓语动词过去式的被动语态谓语动词过去式的被动语态+介词介词+宾语宾语 将下列句子由主动句变为被动句或将下列句子由主动句变为被动句或由被动句变为主动句：由被动句变为主动句：1)Zheng Jie invented this special pen.变被动变被动句句 2)The bike was fixed up by Jimmy.变主动句变主动句3)People use sunglasses to protect their eyes.4)Teachers allow students to put up hands in class.This special pen was invented Zheng Jie.Jimmy fixed up the bikeSunglasses are used(by people)to protect eyes.Students are allowed(by teachers)to put up hands in class.1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词n nTheyplayfootballonSunday.n nLucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.n nTheyoftenusecomputersinclass.n nWemakethesemachinesinBeijing.Football is played by them on Sunday.The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.Computers are often used by them in class.These machines are made in Beijing.2.TheyboughttencomputerslasttermTencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词过去分词n nTheybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.n nHetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.n nWecleanedourclassroomjustnow.n nTheyusedthisroomforresting.The tall building was built by them last year.His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.This room was used for resting by them.3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词n nWewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.n nChildrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.n nTheheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.A sports meeting will be held by us next week.Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.4AmycantakegoodcareofGinaGinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.The baby can be taken care of by him.The picture may be drawn by Lucy.The lights must be turned off by you.English should be learned well by them.Exercises：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.3.Wecanusetheboxasatable.4.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday.5.Shewillrepairthebiketomorrow.1English is spoken by many people.2Knives are used by people for cutting things.3The box can be used by us as a table.4The classroom should be cleaned by us every day.5The bike will be repaired by her tomorrow.SomeworkersarepaintingtheroomsnowTheroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词WehavemadetwentymorekeysTwentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词1.Lucy is watering the trees.The trees are being watered by Lucy.2.We have finished our compositions.Our compositions have been finished by us.各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：情态动词：情态动词：现在进行时：现在进行时：过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时：现在完成时：过去完成时：过去完成时：S+am/is/are+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done S+will +be+done S+was/were +being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were +done各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词S+had+been+done主动语态变被动语态的步骤主动语态变被动语态的步骤（宾主换，谓被动）（宾主换，谓被动）1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构；3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by 引出，当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。英英语有两种有两种语态：主主动语态语态和和被被动语态动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者Catseatfish.（主（主动语态）猫吃）猫吃鱼。Fishiseatenbycats.(被被动语态)鱼被猫吃。被猫吃。被被动语态的构成的构成由由“助助动词be及物及物动词的的过去分去分词”构成构成助助动词be有有人人称称、数数和和时态的的变化化，其其变化化规则与与be作作为连系系动词时完全一完全一样。各种句型的被动形式各种句型的被动形式肯定句肯定句 主语主语+be+be+过去分词过去分词+（by by）否定句否定句 主语主语+be not+be not+过去分词过去分词+（by by）一般疑问句一般疑问句 Be+Be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+(by+(by)?)?特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词+be+be+主语主语+过去分词过去分词 +（by by）？）？注意：注意：这里这里be的形式决定了被动语态的的形式决定了被动语态的时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。重点内容重点内容各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：情态动词：情态动词：现在进行时：现在进行时：过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时：现在完成时：过去完成时：过去完成时：S+am/is/are+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+done S+will +be+done S+was/were +being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were +done各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词S+had+been+doneExercises：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.3.Wecanusetheboxasatable.4.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday.5.Shewillrepairthebiketomorrow.1English is spoken by many people.2Knives are used by people for cutting things.3The box can be used by us as a table.4The classroom should be cleaned by us every day.5The bike will be repaired by her tomorrow.被动语态的句式：被动语态的句式：肯定句：肯定句：主语主语+情态动词情态动词+be+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词否定句否定句:主语主语+情态动词情态动词+not+be+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词一般疑问句一般疑问句:情态动词情态动词+主语主语+be+动词的过去分词？动词的过去分词？Yes,主语主语+情情；No,主语主语+情情+not肯定句肯定句:Yourhomeworkshouldbefinishedbyyourself.Itcanbeusedforwriting.否定句：否定句：Bookscantbetakenoutofthereadingroom.Teenagersshouldnotbeallowedtogooutatnight.疑问句疑问句:Shouldyoungtreesbewateredeveryday?Wherecanthebookbebought?反意疑问句：反意疑问句：Sixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes,shouldntthey?使用被动语态应注意的几个问题使用被动语态应注意的几个问题1.主动语态不带主动语态不带to的变为被动语态，须加上的变为被动语态，须加上“to”hear、listentomake、let、have、watch、see,lookat,notice、feel、help,等。等。例：例：makesbdosthsb+be+madetodosthseesbdosthsb+be+seentodosthAgirlsawTomfalloffthetree.Tomwasseentofalloffthetreebyagirl.Thebossmadetheworkersworkhard.?Theworkersweremadetoworkhard.2.2.“双宾语双宾语双宾语双宾语”改被动语态，直接宾语改被动语态，直接宾语改被动语态，直接宾语改被动语态，直接宾语(物物物物)作主语，那么动词后要用作主语，那么动词后要用作主语，那么动词后要用作主语，那么动词后要用介词介词介词介词.(.(这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定)pass)pass、bringbring、buybuy、showshow、sendsend、givegive、cookcook等。把指等。把指等。把指等。把指“人人人人”的间接宾语变主语，的间接宾语变主语，的间接宾语变主语，的间接宾语变主语，“物物物物”不变。不变。不变。不变。He He gavegave meme a booka book.变直接宾语加变直接宾语加变直接宾语加变直接宾语加to.to.变间接宾语不加变间接宾语不加变间接宾语不加变间接宾语不加 I I was givenwas given a booka book(by him).(by him).A bookA book was givenwas given to meto me(by him).(by him).He He showedshowed me me a ticketa ticket.I I was shownwas shown a ticketa ticket(by him).(by him).A ticketA ticket was shownwas shown to meto me(by him).(by him).My fatherMy father bought bought meme a new bikea new bike.I I was boughtwas bought a new bikea new bike(by my father).(by my father).A new bikeA new bike was boughtwas bought for mefor me(by my father).(by my father).5.什么时候不加什么时候不加by注意：注意：1)不知道谁是执行者不知道谁是执行者eg:Hisnewcarwasstolen.2)情调动作的承受着而不是执行者情调动作的承受着而不是执行者eg:Thecarwasparkedinfrontofthisshop.3)礼貌及委婉语气礼貌及委婉语气eg:AlltheworkmustbefinishedbeforeMay.“主动主动”表表“被动被动”常见的三种情况常见的三种情况（1 1）表示某物自身内在特点，主动表示被动。常见：）表示某物自身内在特点，主动表示被动。常见：）表示某物自身内在特点，主动表示被动。常见：）表示某物自身内在特点，主动表示被动。常见：This pen This pen writeswrites well.The shirt well.The shirt washeswashes well.well.This new book This new book sellssells well.The door won well.The door won t t workwork.The shop The shop opens/closes opens/closes at 8:00 am.at 8:00 am.注意区别：注意区别：注意区别：注意区别：The shirt is being washed now.The shirt is being washed now.汉译？汉译？汉译？汉译？(2)(2)有些词如有些词如有些词如有些词如want,need,requirewant,need,require和和和和 be worthbe worth后面，后面，后面，后面，V-ingV-ing形式为主动，意义为被动。形式为主动，意义为被动。形式为主动，意义为被动。形式为主动，意义为被动。如：如：如：如：The room needs/wants/requires cleaning.The room needs/wants/requires cleaning.=The room =The room needs/wants/required to be needs/wants/required to be cleand cleand.The book is worth reading.The book is worth reading.(3)句型句型“主语主语+be+形容词形容词+todo”，“主语主语”是是“不定式不定式”的的“逻辑宾语逻辑宾语”，通常用不定式的主动，通常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。形式表示被动含义。这类形容词有：这类形容词有：easy，difficult，heavy，hard，nice，dangerous,light,interestingimportant，expensive，fit，comfortable，impossible等。等。ThepictureispleasanttolookatThechairiscomfortabletositonTheworkisimpossibletofinish.注意：当不定式中的动词是注意：当不定式中的动词是不及物动词时不及物动词时，要根，要根据据需要补充相应的介词需要补充相应的介词。Thepeniscomfortabletowritewith.无被动语态的动词：无被动语态的动词：不及物动词无被动不及物动词无被动happen,belongto,suit,fit(适合适合),have,let,join,fall,last（延长）（延长）,cost,breakout（爆发）（爆发）appear,burstout(迸发迸发)，hold(容纳容纳)，lack（缺（缺乏），乏），agreewithThisroomcanhold500people.TaiwanbelongstoChina.TheT-shirtfitsmeverywell,anditonlycost20yuan.SARSbrokeoutinChinathatyear.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthelasttenyearsinchina.get/have sth.done含被动含被动(找人做某事找人做某事)十六岁的孩子不应该打耳洞。十六岁的孩子不应该打耳洞。Sixteen-year-oldsshouldnotbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.Ishouldgetmyshoesrepaired.Heshouldhavehishaircut.Letsgettheworkdone.口诀口诀1：宾提前变主，主变介：宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动宾，被动be加加done,时态看主动。时态看主动。口诀口诀2：如如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾语后加语后加to/for(pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell)口诀口诀3：有：有些动词真奇怪，主动句中些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动离开，被动句中句中to回回来。来。两听，两感觉，三做，四看两听，两感觉，三做，四看Hemademedothework.Iwasmadetodotheworkbyhim.口诀口诀4.含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。体，不可把它们分隔开来。Theytakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabyistakengoodcareofbythem各种时态的被动结构练习 1、The Chinese food _ to be the healthiest in the world.A.considers B.is considering C.is considered D.has considered 2、John _,for he went swimming yesterday without permission.would punished B.had punished C.punished D.was punished3、-Have you moved into the new house?-Not yet.Rooms _.A.are painting B.are painted C.are being painting D.are being painted 一般时态：一般时态：am/is/are+过去分词过去分词现在进行时态：现在进行时态：am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词过去时态：过去时态：was/were+过去分词过去分词4、Mr.Wu was in hospital.when we went to see him,he _on.A.operated B.was operated C.was operating D.was being operated 5、The new school _ when the new term begins.A.finishes B.will finish C.will be finished D.would finish6、The old scientist said that he _ to visit their country before long.A.invited B.had invited C.was inviting D.would be invited 过去进行时态：过去进行时态：was/were+being+过去分词过去分词一般将来时态：一般将来时态：will+be+过去分词过去分词过去将来时态：过去将来时态：would+be+过去分词过去分词7、With the help of the Hope Project,more and more new schools _ in the poor area.A.built B.have built C.have been built D.have been building8、He came out and told us that the work _.A.finished B.was finished C.had finished D.had been finished 9、The programmes _ easily if you use a short wave radio.A.can pick up B.pick up C.picked up D.can be picked up 现在完成时态现在完成时态：have/has+been+过去分词过去分词过去完成时态：过去完成时态：had+been+过去分词过去分词情态动词：情态动词：情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词中考真题链接中考真题链接1.IfeelveryhappythatI_tobethehost.Congratulations!(07江西江西)A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen2.TodayChinese_bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.(07北京北京)A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak3(课改实验区考生做课改实验区考生做)(07重庆重庆)YourhometownhaschangedalotYes.Takealookatthesetallbuildings.They_lastyearA.buildBbuiltC.wasbuiltDwerebuilt(非课改实验区考生做非课改实验区考生做)Whyistheclassroomsodirty?Sorry,sir.It_yesterdayWeforgottodoitA.dontcleanB.didntcleanC.werentcleanedD.wasntcleanedn中考被动语态考题中考被动语态考题1.The river smells terrible.People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题）南京市中考题）A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.(北北京市中考题）京市中考题）A arent，take away B taken，awayC isnt，taken away D be，taken away3.He _ _(tell)to return his books to the library yesterday.(黄冈市中考题）黄冈市中考题）was told5.Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week(济南市中考题）济南市中考题）another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态变主动语态7.People there planted many trees last year.Trees _ _ by people there last year.(青岛市中考题）青岛市中考题）8.They grow vegetables on the farm.The vegetables _ _on the farm（上海市中考题）（上海市中考题）TThey sent upwere planted are grownn9.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.nTom _ _ to turn on the computer.n10.In this factory women do most of the work.n Most of the work _ _ by women in this factorywas askedis donen n11.Mr Li will give us a lecture on the Western culture,but when and where _ yet.(2007 浙江卷)n nA.hasnt been decided n nB.havent decided n nC.isnt being decided n nD.arent decidedDrills：A:1.It suddenly snowed while Mary _for the bus.A.waited B.waits C.was waiting D.was waited2.A big power station()_in my home town now.A.has been built B.is being built C.has built D.is building.3.Stamps_by people for sending letters.A.use B.using C.used D.are used.4.Must old people_to politely?A.speak B.spoken C.be spoke D.be spokenCBDD5.Bike mustnt_everywhere.A.be up B.be put C.put C.putting6.The woman fell off the bike and _on the road.A.lay B.was lain C.lied D.has lain7.The old man and the children_in our country.A.must take good care B.must be take good care ofC.must take good care of Dmust be taken good care of 8.Granny Wang told the little children that the sun_From the east.A.has risenB.rise C.rises D.is risen BADC9.All trees must_well when it is dry.A.be water B.watering C.water D.be watered10._I think the shop_._No,its open.It_at six.11.Yesterday a visitor_something about hometown.A.asked B.will be asked C.was asked D.has been asked.12This bike is made in America.Its_for travelling.A.use B.using C.to use D.usedDDCD一、单项选择一、单项选择一、单项选择一、单项选择1._ a new library _ in our school last year?1._ a new library _ in our school last year?A.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;buildA.Is;built B.Was;built C.Does;buildD.Did;D.Did;buildbuild2.An accident _ on this road last week.2.An accident _ on this road last week.has been happenedhas been happened B.was happened B.was happenedC.is happenedC.is happened D.happened D.happened3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China.3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China.A.is grownA.is grownB.are grown C.growsB.are grown C.growsD.growD.grow4.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school 4.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week.hall next week.A.is given B.has been givenA.is given B.has been given C.will be given C.will be given D.gives D.gives 5.How many trees _ this year?A.are planted 5.How many trees _ this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been plante D.plantedB.will plant C.have been plante D.planted6.Neitherofthem_inChina.6.Neitherofthem_inChina.A.ismadeA.ismade B.aremadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.madeC.weremadeD.made7.Yourshoes_.Youneedanewpair.7.Yourshoes_.Youneedanewpair.A.wearoutA.wearout B.wornoutC.arewornoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.iswornD.isworn8.Thedoctor_foryet.8.Thedoctor_foryet.A.isntsentB.hasntbeensentC.wontbesentA.isntsentB.hasntbeensentC.wontbesentD.D.wasntsentwasntsent9.-When_thiskindofcomputers_?-Last9.-When_thiskindofcomputers_?-Lastyear.year.A.did;useA.did;use B.was;usedC.is;usedB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;usedD.are;used10.TheGreatWall_allovertheworld.10.TheGreatWall_allovertheworld.A.knowsA.knowsB.knewB.knewC.isknownC.isknownD.wasknownD.wasknown11.I_insummer.11.I_insummer.BornB.wasbornBornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.ambornC.havebeenbornD.amborn12.HesaysthatMrZhang_tothefactorynextweek.12.HesaysthatMrZhang_tothefactorynextweek.A.issent B.wouldsend C.wassentD.willbesent13.Who_thisbook_?A.did;written B.was;writtenbyC.did;written D.was;written14.Mary_showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedto B.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto15.Astory_byGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus16.Themonkeywasseen_offthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump17.Theschoolbag_behindthechair.A.PutsB.canbeputC.canbeputtedD.canput18.Olderpeople_well.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter19.Ourteacher_carefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened20.HearrivedinBeijing,wherehe_hisfriend.A.wasmetbyB.wasmetC.wasmeetingD.metby21.MybrotherandIhave_herbirthdayparty.A.beeninvitedB.beeninvitedforC.invitedtoD.beeninvitedto22._Chaplin.A.ThechildsnamewascalledB.ThechildsnamecallsC.ThechildcallsD.Thechildisnamed23.Thenewhallisthetallestbuildinginthistown._fromhere?A.CanitseeB.CanitbeseenC.CanitseenD.Cansee24.Youngtrees_wellwhenitisdry.AwaterBwatersCmustbewateredDwerewatered25.Thesebooks_outofthereadingroom.Youhavetoreadthemhere.AcanttakeBmustbetakenCcantakeDmustntbetaken26.Weknowthatthiskindofbike_inSuzhou.AismadeBmakesCismakingDaremade27.Whenallthework_.Youmaygobackhome.AfinishesBhasfinishedCisfinishedDarefinished28.English_inmanycountries.isspeakingB.isspokenC.speaksD.hasspoken29.Thecomputer_ITaiwanin1999.A.ismadeB.makesC.wasmadeD.made30.Theflowersarewatered_UncleWangeveryday.A.ofB.byC.atD.for31.Hisletter_soon.A.willfinishB.isfinishedC.wasfinishedD.willbefinished32.Anewlabbuilding_inourschoolinayear.A.putsB.willputupC.wasputupD.willbeputup33.Mybirds_byoneofmybestfriendswhenImaway.A,willbelookafterB.willbelookedafterC.belookedafterD.willbeenlookafter34.Myfather_nottosmokeanymore.A.toldB.tellsC.aretoldD.istold35.Thebirthdaycakeis_.A.eatinweB.eatwithusC.eatenbyweD.eatenbyus36.Doyouknow_?A,whothepaperisinvitedB.whothepaperwasinventedC.whothepaperisinventedbyD.whothepaperwasinventedby37.Thesportsmeeting_lastweekend.A,isholdingB.isheldC.washeldD.wereheld38.Theguests_aroundthecitythisSunday.A.areshownB.willshowC.werebeshownD.willbeshown39.AtalkonChinesehistory_inourschoolnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.willgive40.Ifthecatdoesntrunfastenough,is_bythedog.A.writingB.writtenC.wroteD.writes二二、把下列句子改成被动语态、把下列句子改成被动语态1.必须照看好孩子们。必须照看好孩子们。Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof2.这本书是鲁迅写的。这本书是鲁迅写的。/。ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun3.昨天那支笔是他给我的昨天那支笔是他给我的Thatpencilwasgiventomebyhimyesterday4.这辆自行车能修吗？这辆自行车能修吗？Canthisbikebemended?5.街道已由他们清理了。街道已由他们清理了。Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem.1.PrintingwasintroducedintoEuropefromChina.2.Whowasthefilmthe Golden Compassdirectedby?3.Heisthoughttobeagoodteacher.4.SheisreputedtobethebestsingerinEurope.印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。黄金罗盘黄金罗盘是由谁执导的？是由谁执导的？他被认为是个好老师。他被认为是个好老师。据说，她是全欧洲最好的歌唱家。据说，她是全欧洲最好的歌唱家。1.Hehasbrokenthewindow.2.Someonetookawaythebooksyesterday.3.WewillholdasportsmeetinginSeptember.4.Thenursetookgoodcareofthebabies.5.Thecatbroketheglass.6.Mumgavemeacomputerasmybirthdaypresent.7.Thesunmadethemantakeoffhiscoat8.Theyaregoingtobuildatallbuildinghere.9.Doyouusethecamerafortakingphoto?10.Willyousendtheinvitationsatonce?Will11.Theymadethebridgeofstones.12.MissGreencleansthelibrary13.Illtellyoueverythingtomorrow.14.IgaveTomanewbook.15.Theboysdidntcleantheclassroom.16.WhomendedtheTVset?1.Hecleanstheclassroomeveryday.2.Theyfinishedtheirhomework.3.Icanmendhisbike.4.Shewillbuytenbookstomorrow.5.Weshouldntallowthemtogooutwiththeirfriends.6.Theoldmanoftenmakesuslaugh.His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.改为被动语态He looked after the little baby yesterday.主谓宾(受动者)The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned byTom tomorrow.主动语态变被动语态的步骤主动语态变被动语态的步骤（宾主换，谓被动）（宾主换，谓被动）1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构；3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by 引出，当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。Eg:Monthsagowesailed10000milesacrosstheopensea,which_(call)thePacific,andwemetnostorms.3.含有复合宾语的主句变为被动句时，将其中的宾含有复合宾语的主句变为被动句时，将其中的宾语变成主语，宾语补足语不变。语变成主语，宾语补足语不变。Wesawhimsittingtherewithoutdoinganything(主动语态主动语态)-Hewasseensittingtherewithoutdoinganthing(被动语态被动语态)如果宾语补足语是不带如果宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式，变成被动的动词不定式，变成被动语态要加上语态要加上to（和注意问题的第一个一样）（和注意问题的第一个一样）Isawmyteacherenterthereadingroomjustnow.(主动语态主动语态)-Myteacherwasseentoenterthereadingroomjustnow(被动语态被动语态)4.特殊疑问句的被动语态特殊疑问句的被动语态和主动句一样，仍将疑问词置于句首。若主句的疑和主动句一样，仍将疑问词置于句首。若主句的疑问词是问词是who,变成被动句式要变为变成被动句式要变为bywhom置于句置于句首；主动句的疑问词是首；主动句的疑问词是whom时则改为时则改为who,其余其余疑问句不变。疑问句不变。Whoboughtthebook?-Whowasthebookboughtby?-Bywhomwasthebookbought?Whomdidyouask?whowasaskedbyyou?Whatcanwedo?-whatcanbedonebyus?