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Translation of Numbers and Multiples1 1Translation of Numbers and Mul1.She is not more beautiful than you are.1.She is not more beautiful than you are.她没有你漂亮。她没有你漂亮。2.She is no more beautiful than you are.2.She is no more beautiful than you are.她跟你一样不漂亮。她跟你一样不漂亮。3.She is not less beautiful than you are.3.She is not less beautiful than you are.她比你漂亮。她比你漂亮。4.She is no less beautiful than you are.4.She is no less beautiful than you are.她跟你一样漂亮。她跟你一样漂亮。2 21.She is not more beautiful tContentsContents1.1.Definite numbersDefinite numbers 2.2.Approximate numbersApproximate numbers3.3.Modifier of numbers Modifier of numbers4.4.NumbersNumbers in multiples in multiples3 3Contents1.Definite numbers 2.A英语中表示绝对数或精准数的时候，可用阿拉伯数字或文字英语中表示绝对数或精准数的时候，可用阿拉伯数字或文字(即数词即数词)表示表示(一一)用数字表示的数量用数字表示的数量 1.1.At-275At-275 by 2007 by 2007 580kW-hr 580kW-hr A4 paper is 297X210 mm.A4 paper is 297X210 mm.1.Definite numbers 1.Definite numbers 数字往往不很大，通常在六位数及其以下，用以记录年份、数字往往不很大，通常在六位数及其以下，用以记录年份、价格、温度、压力、金额、产量、功率、比率、尺寸、距离价格、温度、压力、金额、产量、功率、比率、尺寸、距离等，有时需要添加必要的量词或单位词。等，有时需要添加必要的量词或单位词。用用nl0 x表示的特别大的天文数字通常也是照抄表示的特别大的天文数字通常也是照抄。4 4英语中表示绝对数或精准数的时候，可用阿拉伯数字或文字(即数词 2.2.56,037,000 tons56,037,000 tons 20,000,000 gallons20,000,000 gallons 3.78l03.78l06 6 barrels of oil barrels of oil 9.5l09.5l09 9 kcal kcal 220 kV220 kV较大的数字常常需要进行数值换算，英语中没有较大的数字常常需要进行数值换算，英语中没有万万这一单位，这一单位，万万和和十万十万均以均以千千的累计数计算。的累计数计算。因此，因此，ten thousand应译成应译成“万万；hundred thousand应译成应译成十十万万。5 52.较大的数字常常需要进行数值换算，英语中没有万这一单3.3.3,000,000 dollars3,000,000 dollars9,600,000 square kilometers9,600,000 square kilometers500,000,000 tons500,000,000 tons较大的数字较大的数字(须为须为“万万”、“亿亿”的整倍数的整倍数)可全部译成可全部译成汉字。汉字。4,253,000 kilowatts 425.34,253,000 kilowatts 425.3万千瓦万千瓦(不宜译为不宜译为 四百四百二十五万三千千瓦二十五万三千千瓦）97,346,000 cubic meters 9 734.697,346,000 cubic meters 9 734.6万立方米万立方米(不宜不宜译为译为 九千七百三十四万六千立方米九千七百三十四万六千立方米)6 63.6(二二)用文字表示的数量用文字表示的数量 four million barrels of oilfour million barrels of oil 2 hundred thousand yuan2 hundred thousand yuan six hundred thirty-nine thousand three hundred and ninety-two six hundred thirty-nine thousand three hundred and ninety-two peoplepeople 5 billion5 billion five million millionfive million million The magic number is 6.3 quadrillion electron-volts.The magic number is 6.3 quadrillion electron-volts.英语中用文字即数词表示的数量英语中用文字即数词表示的数量(也包括夹有部分阿拉伯数字的也包括夹有部分阿拉伯数字的)，可，可根据具体情况将其译成阿拉伯数字或汉语。根据具体情况将其译成阿拉伯数字或汉语。7 7(二)用文字表示的数量72.Approximate number2.Approximate number 计数中常常会遇到不十分精确的数值，因而在表达中会有许多表示近似数或计数中常常会遇到不十分精确的数值，因而在表达中会有许多表示近似数或大约数的表达方法。请注意下列英语常用近似数表达方式的汉译：大约数的表达方法。请注意下列英语常用近似数表达方式的汉译：teens of.teens of.十几十几(1319)(1319)tens of.tens of.数十数十/几十几十 decades of.decades of.数十数十/几十几十 dozens of.dozens of.几十几十/几打几打 scores of.scores of.几十几十(一般多指四十以上一般多指四十以上).).hundreds ofhundreds of几百几百/数百数百/成百上千的成百上千的 thousands ofthousands of几千几千/成千上万的成千上万的 tens of thousands of.tens of thousands of.数万数万/几万几万 hundreds of thousands of.hundreds of thousands of.数十万数十万/几十万几十万 millions of.millions of.数百万数百万/几百万几百万/千千万万的千千万万的 tens of millions of.tens of millions of.数千万数千万/几千万几千万 millions and millions of.millions and millions of.亿万亿万8 82.Approximate number8 3.Modifiers3.Modifiers ofof numbersnumbers9 93.Modifiers of numbers9The wire measures exactly twenty meters.The machine worked for ten whole days.The plane takes off at 8 oclock sharp.这条导线刚好这条导线刚好2020米长。米长。这台机器整整运转了这台机器整整运转了1010天时间。天时间。这架飞机这架飞机8 8点整起飞。点整起飞。He earns a cool half million dollars a year.他一年收入整整他一年收入整整5050万美元。万美元。Professor Johnson finished the experiment in twenty-four hours flat.约翰逊教授完成这一实验正好用了约翰逊教授完成这一实验正好用了2424小时。小时。1.1.表示表示表示表示“不多不少不多不少不多不少不多不少”、“恰恰正好恰恰正好恰恰正好恰恰正好”、“整整整整整整整整”：exactly，flat，just，sharp，whole，cool等等等等 The T-shirt cost just 10 dollars.买这个买这个T T恤衫正好花了恤衫正好花了1010美元。美元。1010The wire measures exactly twenIt is nearly/toward(s)4 oclock.It is somewhere about 4 oclock.The price of this new machine is on the border of/in the neighborhood of a thousand dollars.现在将近四点了。现在将近四点了。现在四点左右。现在四点左右。这台新机器的价格约这台新机器的价格约10001000美元。美元。The book will only cost 15 dollars or so.这本书只要十五美元左右。这本书只要十五美元左右。About/Some/Around/Round twenty passengers were killed in the road accident.这次交通事故中约有二十名旅客死亡。这次交通事故中约有二十名旅客死亡。2.2.表表表表示示示示“大大大大约约约约”、“不不不不确确确确定定定定”：about，some，around，round，nearly，towards，somewhere about，estimated，approximately，on the border of，close to，or so等等等等1111It is nearly/toward(s)4 oNever spend in excess of your income.There are three thousand odd students in this normal school.Supplies of this commodity greatly exceed the demand.花钱切勿超过你的收入。花钱切勿超过你的收入。这所师范院校有三千多名学生。这所师范院校有三千多名学生。这种商品的供应大大超过了需求。这种商品的供应大大超过了需求。Upwards of seven thousand medical workers and twenty thousand PLA men have left for the earthquake district.有七千多名医务人员和两万多名解放军前往震区。有七千多名医务人员和两万多名解放军前往震区。The patients are children of three years old and upwards.这些病人是三岁和三岁以上的儿童。这些病人是三岁和三岁以上的儿童。3.3.表表表表 示示示示“高高高高 于于于于”、“多多多多 于于于于”：more than,odd,over,above,long,past,or more,upwards of,higher than,in excess of,exceed等等The child couldnt count past 20.这个孩子不会数这个孩子不会数2020以上的数。以上的数。1212Never spend in excess of your The price of that tricycle is less than/under/below fifty dollars.He bought the coffeepot at 6 dollars off the list price.那辆三轮车的售价还不到那辆三轮车的售价还不到5050美元。美元。他以低于价目表他以低于价目表6 6美元的价格买下了那把咖啡壶。美元的价格买下了那把咖啡壶。4.4.表表表表示示示示“少少少少于于于于”、“差差差差一一一一些些些些”、“不不不不到到到到”：less,less than,below,not more than,under,short of,off,to,within,as few as等等 The invention cost each family not more than one dollar a week.这项发明使每个家庭每周最多花费这项发明使每个家庭每周最多花费1 1美元美元/不到一美元。不到一美元。Its five minutes to five now.现在是现在是5 5点差点差5 5分。分。1313The price of that tricycle is The motor ran 450 solid days on end.The experiment will take three months at least.The temperature at the suns center is as high as 10 000 000 马达连续运转了足足马达连续运转了足足450450天天 。实验至少需要三个月时间。实验至少需要三个月时间。太阳中心的温度高达摄氏太阳中心的温度高达摄氏1 0001 000万度。万度。They covered full twenty reference sources on clone in a single day.仅用了一天时间，他们就看完了足足仅用了一天时间，他们就看完了足足2020种有关克隆的资料。种有关克隆的资料。There were no less than 3 000 dead and wounded in the 911 terrorist attack.在在9 91111恐怖袭击中，死伤者多达恐怖袭击中，死伤者多达3 0003 000多多人。人。5.5.表表表表示示示示数数数数目目目目、数数数数量量量量多多多多时时时时：full,solid,at least,all of,no less than,asas，等，等They covered all of ten miles.他们走了实足十英里。他们走了实足十英里。1414The motor ran 450 solid days oThere is at most/only room for one person.That solar-energy car weighs only/merely/barely/scarcely/but 500kg.至多只有可容纳一个人的空间。至多只有可容纳一个人的空间。那辆太阳能汽车重量仅有那辆太阳能汽车重量仅有500500公斤。公斤。6.6.表表表表示示示示数数数数目目目目、数数数数量量量量少少少少：only,merely,barely,scarcely,but,at most,no more than,scant 等等Inspection time for the installation was no more than 2 hours.安装检验工作仅用了两个小时。安装检验工作仅用了两个小时。They covered a scant six miles today.他们今天走了仅他们今天走了仅6 6里路。里路。1515There is at most/only room f英语表示表示纯粹数量的增加或减少时Increase(rise,raise,grow,go up)/decrease(diminish,fall,reduce,lower,drop,go down)+数词数词(含分数、百分含分数、百分数等数等)The production of cars in China went up 300 thousand last year.去年中国的汽车产量增加了去年中国的汽车产量增加了3030万辆。万辆。For the 24-hour period following 13:00 December 14,air temperature dropped 7.6.在在1212月月1414日日1313时以后的时以后的2424小时，气温下降了小时，气温下降了 7.67.67.7.表示增减量：表示增减量：表示增减量：表示增减量：1616英语表示表示纯粹数量的增加或减少时7.表示增减量：16The total value of Chinas exports to the US rose by two thirds last year.中国出口到美国的商品总值比去年上升了三分之二中国出口到美国的商品总值比去年上升了三分之二。New boosters can increase the payload by 120%.新型助推器能使有效负载增加新型助推器能使有效负载增加120%120%。The new antenna system uses a retarded wave principle that cuts antenna height to 40%.新新的的天天线线系系统统采采用用了了延延迟迟波波原原理理，使使天天线线高高度度降降低低到到(原原有有高高度度的的)40%)40%。（表示减少后的余量）。（表示减少后的余量）The output of steel has increased to 10 million tons annually in this steel works.这家钢厂的年钢产量已增加到这家钢厂的年钢产量已增加到1 0001 000万吨。（表示增加后的总量）万吨。（表示增加后的总量）1717The total value of Chinas expThe new type of mobile phone has five more functions than its old model.这种新款手机拥有的功能比其旧型号多出了五种这种新款手机拥有的功能比其旧型号多出了五种。The budget for research work expenditure of the university in 2009 is 20 million yuan lower than that of Beijing University.这所大学这所大学20092009年的科研经费预算比北京大学低了年的科研经费预算比北京大学低了 2 0002 000万元。万元。The output of cars in Europe last year was 24 percent less than in 2008.去年欧洲汽车的产量比去年欧洲汽车的产量比20082008年下降了年下降了 24%24%。1818The new type of mobile phone h 1.be n times as a.(ad.)+as The grain output of this year is about three times as great as that of last year.2.n times+a.(ad.)比较级比较级+than“是是的的n n倍倍”或或“比比大（大（n n1 1）倍）倍”今年的粮食产量大约是去年的今年的粮食产量大约是去年的3 3倍倍/比去年多两倍左右。比去年多两倍左右。4.Translation of multiplesAsia is four times larger than Europe.亚洲的面积是欧洲的亚洲的面积是欧洲的4 4倍倍/亚洲的面积比欧洲大亚洲的面积比欧洲大3 3倍。倍。This power plant is four times larger than that one.这个发电站比那个发电站大三倍。这个发电站比那个发电站大三倍。3.n times+upon/over1919 1.be n times as a.(ad.)+aThe industrial output in our factory this year is ten times over that of 1999.今年我们工厂的产量是今年我们工厂的产量是1999年的年的10倍。倍。The total output value of the citys light industry has grown three times over that of last year.这个城市的轻工业总产值比去年增长了两倍。这个城市的轻工业总产值比去年增长了两倍。He is five times upon your age.他的年龄是你的他的年龄是你的5倍。倍。2020The industrial output in our f He demanded He demanded doubledouble the usual fee.the usual fee.Out put should Out put should triple/trebletriple/treble by next year.by next year.We have producedWe have produced four-fold four-fold as many electric fans as many electric fans as we as we did last year.did last year.2121He demanded double the usual f1.This wire is as long again as that one.3.Brown has half as many books again as Peter does.这根金属线的长度是那根的两倍。这根金属线的长度是那根的两倍。布朗的书比彼得的书多一半。布朗的书比彼得的书多一半。2.Prof.Peter has books as many again as I do.彼得教授的书比我的书多一倍。彼得教授的书比我的书多一倍。英语中还有一种用again而不用倍数词来表示倍数的方法A is as much（large，long，）again as B.【=A is twice as much（large，long，）as B.】A比B多（大，长，）1倍（即A是B的2倍）。A is half as much（large，1ong，）again as B.【=A is one and a half times as much（large，1ong，）as B.】A比B多（大，长）一半（即A是B的一倍半）。22221.This wire is as long again The population of this county has increased by a factor of 5.By 2004 the production of primary copper has increased five fold.该县的人口已经增长了该县的人口已经增长了4 4倍。倍。到到20042004年，原铜产量增长了年，原铜产量增长了4 4倍。倍。The sales of industrial electronic products have multiplied 5 times.工业电子产品销售额增加了工业电子产品销售额增加了4 4倍。倍。The steel output has increased（by）three times.钢产量已增加三倍。钢产量已增加三倍。5.“increase(rise,grow,go up等等)+to+n times”“increase(rise,grow,go up等等)+n-fold”“increase(rise,grow,go up等等)+by a factor of+n”“增加到增加到n n倍倍”、“增加了（增加了（n n1 1）倍）倍”The price of rice has increased to three times.大米的价格涨到了原价的大米的价格涨到了原价的3 3倍。倍。2323The population of this county The enterprise management expenditure this year has decreased by three times as against that of 2002.The price of farm tools has decreased by a factor of 4.该企业今年的行政管理开支比该企业今年的行政管理开支比20022002年降低了年降低了2/32/3。农具价格降到原价的农具价格降到原价的1/41/4。The error probability of the equipment was reduced by 2.5 times through technical innovation.通过技术革新该设备误差概率降低了通过技术革新该设备误差概率降低了3/53/5。因为英汉语言在使用分数方面的差异（如汉语的分母中极少使用小因为英汉语言在使用分数方面的差异（如汉语的分母中极少使用小数点），如果英语减少的倍数中有小数点时，则应换算成分数。根据表数点），如果英语减少的倍数中有小数点时，则应换算成分数。根据表达习惯英语中的达习惯英语中的2.5times2.5times，汉语一般不说，汉语一般不说“二点五分之一二点五分之一”，这时应换，这时应换算成整数分母，即算成整数分母，即“降低到五分之二降低到五分之二”或或“降低了五分之三降低了五分之三”。6.“decrease(reduce，fall等）等）+(by)n times”“decrease(reduce，fall等）等）+n times as+a.(ad.)+as”“decrease(reduce，fall等）等）+by a factor of n“减少到减少到n n分之分之1 1”或或“减加少了减加少了n n分之（分之（n n1 1）”2424The enterprise management expeBy using a new process the prime cost of the television set was reduced by 3.4 times.采用一种新工艺使这种电视的主要成本降低了采用一种新工艺使这种电视的主要成本降低了71%71%。算成整数分母，即算成整数分母，即“降低到降低到5/175/17”或或“降低了降低了12/1712/17”，但这，但这样仍不符合汉语习惯。在不要求绝对精确的情况下，可进一步样仍不符合汉语习惯。在不要求绝对精确的情况下，可进一步换算成百分数，即换算成百分数，即“降低到降低到29%29%”或或“降低了降低了71%71%”。2525By using a new process the priIn this region the grain output is now five timesfive-fold that twenty years ago本地区现在的粮食产量是二十年前的五倍。本地区现在本地区现在的粮食产量是二十年前的五倍。本地区现在的粮食产量比二十年前增长了四倍。的粮食产量比二十年前增长了四倍。Johnson finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.约翰逊跑完约翰逊跑完200200米正好用了米正好用了2222秒。秒。The company spent a solid year on the acquisition of its rival.该公司花了整整一年时间来收购其竞争对手。该公司花了整整一年时间来收购其竞争对手。This equipment will reduce the error probability by a factor of 5这种设备使误差概率降低到原来的这种设备使误差概率降低到原来的1/5。The weight of the bicycle has decreased 3 times.这种自行车的重量减少了这种自行车的重量减少了2/32/3。Johnson finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.约翰逊跑完约翰逊跑完200200米正好用了米正好用了2222秒。秒。Johnson finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.The company spent a solid year on the acquisition of its rival.约翰逊跑完约翰逊跑完200200米正好用了米正好用了2222秒。秒。Johnson finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.该公司花了整整一年时间来收购其竞争对手。该公司花了整整一年时间来收购其竞争对手。The company spent a solid year on the acquisition of its rival.约翰逊跑完约翰逊跑完200200米正好用了米正好用了2222秒。秒。Johnson finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.约翰逊跑完约翰逊跑完200200米正好用了米正好用了2222秒。秒。Johnson finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.The company spent a solid year on the acquisition of its rival.约翰逊跑完约翰逊跑完200200米正好用了米正好用了2222秒。秒。Johnson finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.该公司花了整整一年时间来收购其竞争对手。该公司花了整整一年时间来收购其竞争对手。The company spent a solid year on the acquisition of its rival.约翰逊跑完约翰逊跑完200200米正好用了米正好用了2222秒。秒。Johnson finished the 200-meter dash in 22 seconds flat.2626In this region the grain outpuThe speed exceeded the average speed by a factor of 2.5.该速度超过平均速度该速度超过平均速度1.51.5倍。倍。A is as long again as B.A A的长度是的长度是B B的的2 2倍。倍。The sales of TV set have risen 3.5 times.电视机销售量增加了电视机销售量增加了2.52.5倍。倍。If there were a bridge here,the distance would be shortened 4 times.如果这里有座桥，距离将缩短如果这里有座桥，距离将缩短3/43/4。2727The speed exceeded the averageTheir expense is as much again as what it was 他们现在的支出是过去的两倍。他们现在的支出是过去的两倍。他们现在的支出比过去增加了一倍。他们现在的支出比过去增加了一倍。他们现在的支出比过去翻了一番。他们现在的支出比过去翻了一番。Their output has trebledtripled，compared with what it was 他们现在的产量是过去的三倍。他们现在的产量比过他们现在的产量是过去的三倍。他们现在的产量比过去增长了两倍。他们现在的产量比过去增长了百分之去增长了两倍。他们现在的产量比过去增长了百分之二百。二百。Their expense now double what it was Their expense has increased by 100.他们现在的支出比过去增加了百分之一百。他们现在的支出比过去增加了百分之一百。2828Their expense is as much again1.1.Liquid bromine boils Liquid bromine boils at 58Cat 58C at which temperature it changes at which temperature it changes into a reddish-brown gas.into a reddish-brown gas.2.2.Move to the next operation after the voltage reaches Move to the next operation after the voltage reaches 150V.150V.3.3.Tests have shown that the energy saving can rise Tests have shown that the energy saving can rise about 40 about 40 percentpercent.4.4.Of Of many thousandsmany thousands spare parts does not come up to the spare parts does not come up to the standard but one.standard but one.5.5.A lot of counties have set up power stations,chemical fertilizer A lot of counties have set up power stations,chemical fertilizer plants and plants and a hundred and onea hundred and one other factories.other factories.6.6.The periodic table contains The periodic table contains more than one hundredmore than one hundred chemical chemical elements belonging to eight families.elements belonging to eight families.7.7.These materials become quite soft and flexible These materials become quite soft and flexible below 150C.below 150C.8.8.An increase in the oxygen content of coal An increase in the oxygen content of coal by 1%by 1%reduces that reduces that calorific value calorific value by some 1.7%.by some 1.7%.9.9.Nearly 25Nearly 25 neurotransmitters have been found so far.neurotransmitters have been found so far.2929Liquid bromine boils at 58C a 1.1.从那时起的从那时起的4040年间，科学家们花费了数十亿美元，试图在安全的条件年间，科学家们花费了数十亿美元，试图在安全的条件下生产出相同的能量。下生产出相同的能量。2.2.到到19821982年，年，政府的管辖地上建立了大约三千个公园和其他保护区。政府的管辖地上建立了大约三千个公园和其他保护区。3.3.世界卫生组织称，全世界可能有多达一千万的人携带能引起艾滋病的世界卫生组织称，全世界可能有多达一千万的人携带能引起艾滋病的病毒。病毒。4.4.海王星大约比地球大三倍海王星大约比地球大三倍/是地球的四倍。是地球的四倍。5.5.硫原子比氧原子重一倍。硫原子比氧原子重一倍。6.6.这个的重量是那个的九分之一。这个的重量是那个的九分之一。7.7.到达海王星的阳光总量仅是到达地球阳光总量的千分之一。到达海王星的阳光总量仅是到达地球阳光总量的千分之一。8.8.该速度超过平均速度该速度超过平均速度2.22.2倍。倍。9.9.一个物体在月球上的重量仅为在地球上的六分之一。一个物体在月球上的重量仅为在地球上的六分之一。10.10.带宽及载波功率至少增加了一倍。带宽及载波功率至少增加了一倍。11.A11.A轮转动得比轮转动得比B B轮快一倍。轮快一倍。12.12.这台机器转动得比那台快一半。这台机器转动得比那台快一半。13.13.新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了一半。新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了一半。14.14.单个图像第一次缩小到二分之一至四分之一。单个图像第一次缩小到二分之一至四分之一。15.15.如果月球离地球的距离只有现在的一半，两者间的引力将会增加三如果月球离地球的距离只有现在的一半，两者间的引力将会增加三倍。倍。30301.从那时起的40年间，科学家们花费了数十亿美元，试图在安
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