艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座培训ppt课件

艾滋病艾滋病AIDSAIDS专业知知识讲座座艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座1Contentsn nAIDS(definition,infections,treatment,prevention)n nAIDS in the Worldn nAIDS in Chinan nDiscussionn nAdded materials 艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座2ContentsAIDS(definition,infeAIDSn nWhat is AIDS？n nHow is it caught？n nTreatmentn nPrevention 艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座3AIDSWhat is AIDS？艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座Definition-AIDS(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)(获得性免疫缺陷综合症)is a disease caused by a virus called HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus)(人类免疫缺陷病毒).It attacks the immune system,your bodys main defense against disease.AIDS is the final and most serious stage of the HIV disease.艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座4Definition艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座4InfectionsPeople do not get HIV from everyday meetings with infected people People do not get HIV from everyday meetings with infected people at school or other places.HIV cannot be spread by touching a person at school or other places.HIV cannot be spread by touching a person or touching clothes,telephones,dishes,door handles or toilet seats,or touching clothes,telephones,dishes,door handles or toilet seats,by playing sports or by mosquitoes(by playing sports or by mosquitoes(蚊子蚊子).).A person cant catch HIV through casual contact such as hugs,A person cant catch HIV through casual contact such as hugs,kisses,or handshakeskisses,or handshakes.HIV is caught in two main ways:HIV is caught in two main ways:By having sex with a person who By having sex with a person who is HIV positiveis HIV positive,or,or by sharing a needle with a person who has by sharing a needle with a person who has HIVHIV.Heroin has fueled a sharp rise in drug use and encouraged the Heroin has fueled a sharp rise in drug use and encouraged the sharing of needles that helps to spread AIDSsharing of needles that helps to spread AIDS.A baby can be born infected with HIV if the mother has the virus.It A baby can be born infected with HIV if the mother has the virus.It is also possible to be infected with HIV through is also possible to be infected with HIV through blood transfusionsblood transfusions.艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座5InfectionsPeople do not get 细菌(肺结核,伤寒)病毒(HIV,肝炎,SARS,流感，)HIV侵入一个细胞侵入一个细胞Human Immunodeficiency VirusAcquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeHIV：人类免疫缺陷损病毒人类免疫缺陷损病毒AIDS：获得性免疫缺陷综合症：获得性免疫缺陷综合症细胞lHIVl细胞艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座6细菌病毒HIV侵入一个细胞Human Immunodefic Treatment There is no cure for AIDS at the moment.People who become infected with HIV may look or feel healthy for up to 10 years,but they can still pass the infection on to others.The virus slowly attacks the bodys immune system until it can no longer fight off deadly illnesses.Researchers are working to develop medicine to prevent AIDS or a drug to cure it.And new treatments are beginning to increase the length of time people with AIDS can live.Doctor He Dayi found that the therapeutic combination(cocktail therapy)of a variety of anti-HIV drugs has a remarkable effect on AIDS.何大一何大一艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座7何大一艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座7抗逆转录病毒药物的分类三类药物可用来治疗HIV 逆转录酶抑制剂逆转录酶抑制剂 融合酶抑制剂融合酶抑制剂zidovudine enfuvirtidenevirapinestavudine delavirdinelamivudine efavirenzzalcitabine didanosine abacavirEmtricitabineNucleotidetenofovir蛋白酶抑制剂蛋白酶抑制剂amprenavirindinavirsaquinavirnelfinavirritonavirlopinaviratazanavir艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座8抗逆转录病毒药物的分类三类药物可用来治疗HIV 逆转录酶抑制Prevention Prevention of AIDS requires foresight and self-control.Government should issue some laws and regulations to prevent it.People,especially young people,must not:have sexual contact with people known or thought to be infected with AIDS,or with people who use drugs.Young people are becoming more at risk to HIV and AIDS because they are becoming more sexually active and at a much earlier age.It is important to provide sex education for young people in China.Do not use intravenous drugs(静脉注射毒品).They can eliminate drug use,drug-related risk behaviors such as needle sharing,unsafe sexual practices,and,in turn,the risk of exposure to HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases.Drug abuse prevention and treatment are highly effective in preventing the spread of HIV.艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座9Prevention艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座9艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座培训ppt课件10艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座11艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座11AIDS in China HIV/AIDS is beginning to spread from particular groups in HIV/AIDS is beginning to spread from particular groups in China to the general populationChina to the general population.艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座12AIDS in China HIV/AIDS is be艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座13艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座13Sites of Surveillance(监测系统）TIBETQINGHAIGANSUNEIMENGGUHEILONGJIANGLIAONINGGUIZHOUGUANGXIGUANGDONGHAINANHUNANJIANGXIFUJIANTAIWANZHEJIANGJIANGSUSHANGHAISHANDONGSHAANXISHANXININGXIAXINJIANGSICHUANHUBEIHENANANHUIYUNNANHEBEIBEIJINGHONG KONGMACAOSTDpatientsSTDpatientssexworkerssexworkersdrugusersdruguserstruckdriverstruckdriverspregnantwomenpregnantwomenbloodgiversbloodgiversTIANJINJILIN艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座14Sites of Surveillance(监测系统）TIB中国艾滋病疫情情况(1995-2007.8)AIDS in China at the end of June,2003截至截至截至截至20072007年年年年8 8月底，全国累计报告月底，全国累计报告月底，全国累计报告月底，全国累计报告HIVHIV感染者和艾滋病感染者和艾滋病感染者和艾滋病感染者和艾滋病病人病人病人病人218107218107例，其中艾滋病病人例，其中艾滋病病人例，其中艾滋病病人例，其中艾滋病病人5889358893例，累计报告死例，累计报告死例，累计报告死例，累计报告死亡亡亡亡1925819258例。例。例。例。20072007年新报告年新报告年新报告年新报告HIVHIV感染者和艾滋病病人感染者和艾滋病病人感染者和艾滋病病人感染者和艾滋病病人3223532235例，其中艾滋病病人例，其中艾滋病病人例，其中艾滋病病人例，其中艾滋病病人64356435例，死亡例，死亡例，死亡例，死亡30953095例。例。例。例。20062006年年年年1-121-12月和月和月和月和20072007年年年年1-61-6月，全国平均每月新报告感染者月，全国平均每月新报告感染者月，全国平均每月新报告感染者月，全国平均每月新报告感染者基本稳定在基本稳定在基本稳定在基本稳定在30003000人左右。人左右。人左右。人左右。At the end of August,2007,China had 218,107 reported HIV-positive cases,accumulatively.These included 58,893 full-blown cases and 19,258 deaths.艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座15中国艾滋病疫情情况(1995-2007.8)AIDS in中国累积报告中国累积报告HIVHIV感染者感染途径感染者感染途径 (1985-2003)Risk Factors for Cumulative HIV Infections Risk Factors for Cumulative HIV Infections in Chinain China,Blood/ProductsOthersMTCTBlood CollectionHetero/Homo Sex采血采血9.4%9.4%不详不详18.7%18.7%血液血液/血制品血制品1.6%1.6%异性异性/同性同性8.4%8.4%静注毒品静注毒品61.6%61.6%母婴传播母婴传播0.3%0.3%IDU艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座16中国累积报告HIV感染者感染途径(1985-2003)艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座17艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座17中国累计报告中国累计报告HIVHIV感染者地区分布（感染者地区分布（199519952003.62003.6）Geographic Distribution of Cumulative HIV Infections in ChinaGeographic Distribution of Cumulative HIV Infections in China1-100101-500501-10001001-50005001-1000010000HIV感染者数感染者数艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座18中国累计报告HIV感染者地区分布（19952003.6）HIV感染率与单采浆频率的关系Infection and Frequency of Paid Plasma DonationsInfection and Frequency of Paid Plasma DonationsFrequency of donation/per monthHIV Rate艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座19HIV感染率与单采浆频率的关系Infection and 同性/双性恋传播流行Epidemics driven by homo-/bi-sexual contactn n据专家估计，涉及同性恋的人员数量很大据专家估计，涉及同性恋的人员数量很大n nThe number of homosexuals is believed to be large.The number of homosexuals is believed to be large.n n个别调查显示，一些男性同性恋群体的感染率在个别调查显示，一些男性同性恋群体的感染率在1%-5%1%-5%n nLimited information shows that HIV already has spread to gay Limited information shows that HIV already has spread to gay communities,with some of them being infected at a rate communities,with some of them being infected at a rate between 1%-5%;between 1%-5%;n n绝大多数男同性恋者同女人结婚，对女性和家庭构成威胁。绝大多数男同性恋者同女人结婚，对女性和家庭构成威胁。n nMost gay men marry the opposite sex,exposing women and Most gay men marry the opposite sex,exposing women and family to the threat of HIV/AIDS.family to the threat of HIV/AIDS.n n我们需要更多地关注同性恋艾滋病问题我们需要更多地关注同性恋艾滋病问题n nWe need to give more attention to the countrys gay groupsWe need to give more attention to the countrys gay groups.艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座20同性/双性恋传播流行Epidemics driven byCan people be infected by?1.HIV can be passed on through bodily fluids such as 1.HIV can be passed on through bodily fluids such as sputum(sputum(唾液唾液)and sweat()and sweat(汗液汗液).).2.Kissing can pass on AIDS.2.Kissing can pass on AIDS.3.Those who have AIDS are gays(3.Those who have AIDS are gays(同性恋者同性恋者).).4.I could become infected with HIV if I eat with an 4.I could become infected with HIV if I eat with an AIDS patient.AIDS patient.5.AIDS is spread very quickly these days,mainly in the 5.AIDS is spread very quickly these days,mainly in the countryside.countryside.艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座21Can people be infected by?1.Group Discussion1.What is the general situation of AIDS in China?2.How would you treat an AIDS patient?3.What should we young people do to fight against AIDS?4.What is your opinions about the future of AIDS cure,optimistic or pessimistic?State your own reasons.艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座22 Group Discussion1.濮存昕是中国大陆第一个预防艾滋病义务宣传员。濮存昕是中国大陆第一个预防艾滋病义务宣传员。现在出任预防艾滋病宣传员的还有：现在出任预防艾滋病宣传员的还有：大陆的郭峰、祖海、徐帆、蒋雯丽；香港的杨千桦、古巨基。大陆的郭峰、祖海、徐帆、蒋雯丽；香港的杨千桦、古巨基。艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座23濮存昕是中国大陆第一个预防艾滋病义务宣传员。艾滋病AIDS专艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座24艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座24Lets Work Together to Fight Against AIDS!艾滋病AIDS专业知识讲座25Lets Work Together to 艾滋病AIDS