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Unit 6:Section A As His Name Is,So Is He!精品Intensive Study As His Name Is,So Is He!1 For her first twenty-four years,shed been known as Debbie a name that didnt suit her good looks and elegant manner.“My name has always made me think I should be a cook,”she complained.“I just dont feel like a Debbie.”2 One day,while filling out an application form for a publishing job,the young woman impulsively substituted her middle name,Lynne,for her first name Debbie.“That was the smartest thing I ever did,”she says now.“As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie,I felt more comfortable with myself and other people started to take me more seriously.”Two years after her successful job interview,the former waitress is now a successful magazine editor.Friends and associates call her Lynne.精品Intensive Study 3 Naturally,the name change didnt cause Debbie/Lynnes professional achievement but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence to her talents.Social scientists say that what youre called can affect your life.Throughout history,names have not merely identified people but also described them.“As his name is,so is he”says the Bible,and Websters Dictionary includes the following definition of name:“a word or words expressing some quality considered characteristic or descriptive of a person or a thing,often expressing approval or disapproval”.Note well“approval or disapproval”.For better or worse,qualities such as friendliness or reserve,plainness or charm may be suggested by your name and conveyed to other people before they even meet you.精品Intensive Study 4 Names become attached to specific images,as anyone whos been called“a plain Jane”or“just an average Joe”can show.The latter name particularly bothers me since my name is Joe,which some think makes me more qualified to be a baseball player than,say an art critic.Yet,despite this disadvantage,I did manage to become an art critic for a time.Even so,one prominent magazine consistently refused to print“Joe”in my by-line,using my first initials,J.S.,instead.I suspect that if I were a more refined Arthur or Adrian,the name would have appeared complete.精品Intensive Study 5 Of course,names with a positive sense can work for you,even encourage new acquaintances.A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan to be the most attractive female name,while women believed Richard and David were the most attractive for men.One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man named Harry because“he sounded dull”.Several evenings later,she came up to me at a party,pressing for an introduction to a very impressive man;theyd been exchanging glances all evening.“Oh,”I said.“You mean Harry.”She was ill at ease.精品Intensive Study 6 Though most of us would like to think ourselves free from such prejudiced notions,were all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent.Confess:wouldnt you be surprised to meet a carpenter named Nigel?A physicist called Bertha?A Pope Mel?Often,we project name-based stereotypes on people,as one woman friend discovered while taking charge of a nursery-schools group of four-year-olds.“There I was,trying to get a little active boy named Julian to sit quietly and read a book and pushing a thoughtful creature named Rory to play ball.I had their personalities confused because of their names!”精品Intensive Study 7 Apparently,such prejudices can affect classroom achievement as well.In a study conducted by Herbert Harari of San Diego State University,and John McDavid of Georgia State University,teachers gave consistently lower grades on essays apparently written by boys named Elmer and Hubert than they awarded to the same papers when the writers names were given as Michael and David.However,teacher prejudice isnt the only source of classroom difference.Dr.Thomas V.Busse and Louisa Seraydarian of Temple University found those girls with names such as Linda,Diane,Barbara,Carol,and Cindy performed better on objectively graded IQ and achievement tests than did girls with less appealing names.(A companion study showed girls popularity with their peers was also related to the popularity of their names although the connection was less clear for boys.)精品Intensive Study 8 Though your parents probably meant your name to last a lifetime,remember that when they picked it theyd hardly met you,and the hopes and dreams they valued when they chose it may not match yours.If your name no longer seems to fit you,dont despair;you arent stuck with the label.Movie stars regularly change their names,and with some determination,you can,too.精品 DebbieFemale name,represents the personality characteristics of generous,understanding,honest,creative and intense.It is a short name of Deborah,which means bee in Hebrew.Deborah was a heroine and prophetess who led the Israelites to defeat Canaanites as told in the Old Testament Book of Judges.Also in the Old Testament,this was the name of the nurse of Rebecca.Long a common Jewish name,Deborah was first used by English Christians after the Protestant Reformation,and it was popular among the Puritans.For more information about explanations of names,visit http:/,or http:/ 精品substitute 1.vt.put sth or sb in place of another2.They were substituting violence for dialogue.3.David was substituted for William in the second half of the match.2.vi.Act or serve as a replacementCan you substitute for me at the meeting?Honey can substitute for sugar in this recipe.3.n.a person or thing that replaces or serve as sth elseThe teacher is ill,so a substitute is teaching today.There is no substitute for good food and exercise.精品Lynne(f.)or Lynn(m.)represents the personality characteristics of sensitive,deeply artistic and creative,intense,and nature-lover and comes from Welsh meaning“lake”or is a short form of Linda(Spanish),or Belinda(Italian),both meaning“beautiful”.精品Middle name name coming between the first name and the last name“Whats James Browns middle name?”“Its Michael”“Middle name”can also be used figuratively,meaning a main part of ones character.Generosity is her middle name.精品if conj.accepting that;although This is a pleasant if noisy child.It is a nice house,if a little expensive.精品characteristic1.a.representative;representing usual character2.Rainy days are characteristic of June.3.Such honesty is characteristic of him.2.n.a special and easily recognized quality of sb or sthGenes determine the characteristics of every living thing.What characteristics separate Americans from Canadians.精品For better or(for)worse (as said on the Christian marriage ceremony)whatever happens.Here in the text,it means whether they are good or bad.He promised to take her for better or for worse.I,_,take you,_,to be my(husband/wife).I promise to be true to you in good times and in bad,in sickness and in health.I will love you and honor you all the days of my life.I,_,take you,_,for my lawful(husband/wife),to have and to hold,from this day forward,for better,for worse,for richer,for poorer,in sickness and in health,until death do us part.The priest will then say aloud You have declared your consent before the Church.May the Lord in his goodness strengthen your consent and fill you both with his blessings.That God has joined,men must not divide.Amen.精品Joe(m.)represents the personality characteristics of spontaneous,social,easy-going,warm,generous,lacking in initiative and is a short form for Joseph,originally from a Hebrew name of a famous man in the Old Testament.精品qualify (cause to)gain a certain level of knowledge,ability,or performance Being a son of a member of government doesnt qualify him to talk about political affairs.I wont qualify until next year.Being a single parent qualifies you for extra benefits.qualified having suitable knowledge,quality or skills forTom is qualified for the job.精品prominent 1.Important;widely known2.They are all prominent figures in the IT field.3.The government should play a more prominent role in improving public traffic.2.Standing or extending for out(beyond a surface)His nose is too prominent.She has prominent teeth.精品prominence 1.The quality,fact,or state of being well-known and important.2.This young artist is coming into prominence.2.A thing or place that is standing far out(beyond a surface)There was a low prominence in the middle of the desert,too small to be called a hill.精品Arthur The meaning of this name is unknown.It could be derived from British art bear combined with viros man,or it could be related to Irish art stone.Alternatively it could be related to an obscure Roman family name Artorius.Arthur is the name of the central character in Arthurian legend,a 6th-century king of the Britons who presided over the knights of the Round Table.He may or may not have been an actual person.Other famous bearers of the name include mystery author Arthur Conan Doyle,the creator of Sherlock Holmes,and science-fiction author Arthur C.Clarke.精品Adrian(m.)represents the personality characteristics of diplomatic,friendly,lacking in energy,confidence and initiative,and a procrastinator.This name is the English from of Hadrian,the name of a Roman Emperor who built a wall across Northern Britain.精品acquaintance1.A person whom one knows,esp.through work or business,but who may not be a close friend2.No one in her entire acquaintance would wear such a dress.2.Information or knowledge,as obtained through personal experience rather than careful studyI have an/some acquaintance with the language.I wasnt sure about Darryl when I first met her,but on further acquaintance I rather like her.3.Make ones acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb get to know sb.Im so glad to make your acquaintance,Mr.Smith.精品Susan(f.)represents the personality characteristics of pleasant,easy-going,friendly,patient,social,cautious and is a short form of Susanna.It is from the Hebrew Shoshanna,name for a woman in the Old Testament.精品Richard(m.)means brave power,derived from the Germanic elements ric power,rule and hard brave,hardy.The Normans introduced this name to Britain.It was borne by three kings of England including Richard the Lionheart,leader of the Third Crusade in the 12th century.Two German opera composers,Richard Wagner and Richard Strauss,have also had this name.精品DAVID(m.)possibly derived from Hebrew)dvd)meaning beloved.David was the second and greatest of the kings of Israel,ruling in the 10th century BC.Several stories about him are told in the Old Testament,including his defeat of Goliath,a giant Philistine.Jesus was supposedly descended from him.Famous bearers of this name include the 5th-century patron saint of Wales,two kings of Scotland,empiricist philosopher David Hume,and explorer David Livingstone.This is also the name of the hero of Charles Dickens semiautobiographical novel David Copperfield.精品Harry(m.)represents the personality characteristics of individual,reserved,serious,stubborn,alone,loyal,and thoughtful.It is the Medieval English form of Henry,the name of eight kings of England.精品Press for demand with forceI dont know whether to accept this new job,and the firm is pressing(me)for a decision.The chairman is pressing for improved working condition.精品ill at ease uncomfortable;anxious or worriedHe appeared ill at ease at the party.She was ill at ease when she was criticized by her mother.精品stereotype1.v.form a fixed set of ideas that is generally disapproving about the the characteristics of certain people or things2.The study says that British advertisements stereotype women.3.The police have been criticized for having stereotyped images of black people.2.n.an image,idea,character,etc.that has become fixed in a routine formThe characters in the books are just stereotypes.She rejects the stereotype that women can only find their true satisfaction in being mother.精品Nigel(m.)represents the personality characteristics of imaginative,creative,inconsistent,insecure,gullible,talkative and is an Italian form of Neil,or a French name meaning“hero”.It is sometimes associated with the Latin niger,meaning“black”.The name Nigel often donates a champion or an artist,so people will be surprised to meet a carpenter with the name Nigel.精品Bertha(f.)represents the personality characteristics of idealistic,generous,kind,caring,possessive and comes from German,meaning“bright,famous.”Bertha is well known in German legends as a character who sneaks into nurseries and rocks children to sleep.Bertha usually makes people think of somebody who is fat,while a physicist should know how to eat healthily and keep a good figure.精品Pope Mel is a humorous reference,meant to show how foolish it would be to put the two names together.“Pope”is a title given to the highest authority of the Roman Catholic Church in Rome;“Mel”is possibly a short from of either Melvin,or Melanie(f),or Melissa(f),which has no meaning in itself.The name Mel usually donates an image of a car repairman.If a Mel drinks,he drinks beer instead of wine.That is why people will be surprised to meet a Pope with the name Mel.精品project on/onto/upon imagine(ones own feelings or thoughts)as being attached/connected to othersIt is not reasonable that they project their dreams onto us.精品Julian(m.)represents the personality characteristics of patient,careful,cautious,conservative,intense and comes from Julius,the name of the last Romam emperor.精品Rory(m.)repesents the personality characteristics of practical,logical,analytical,systematic,particular,and serious and comes from Old English,meaning“noble,famous”.精品Herbert Harari is a retired professor of psychology at San Diego State University.He and John McDavid worked as coauthor of a paper on student bahavior stereotypig.He is also a self-educated computer guru on MIDI music.Tune in to his personal web site:http:/ and listen to his music online.精品Elmer(m.)represents the personality characteristics of practical,logical,analytical,systematic,particular,and serious and comes from the Irish Ruaidhri,meaning“red king”.It is the name of the last high king of Ireland who regned in the 12th Century.Hubert(m.)represents the personality charateristics of pleasant,diplomatic,sensitive,passive,and procrastinator and comes from German,meaning“bright heart”.The Saint Hubert sho lived in the 8th century is the patron saint of hunters.精品award1.give sth such as a prize or an examination mark,esp.as a result of an official decision2.The university awarded grants to poor students.3.She was awarded a medal fro bravery.2.Give by a decision in courtThe judge awarded a large sum of money to those hurt in the explosion.The court awarded him damages of$5,000.精品Michael(m.)represents the personality characteristics of clever,sensible,serious,self-confident and independent and is from the Hebrew name Mikhael meaning“who is like God”.The New Testament identifies Michael as the Archangel who leads heavens armies.He is the patron saint of soldiers.精品Dr.Thmas V.Busse and Louisa Seraydarian cooperatively conducted a research at Temple University about the positive link between desirable names and IQ.精品Temple University is a comprehensive public research university with more than 29,000 students it has a distinguished faculty in 16 schools and colleges,including schools of Health Sciences Center.The university is based in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,and has two international campuses in Japan and Italy.According to its official web site(http:/www.temple.edu)Temple University is the 39th largest university in the United States,and it is the largest provider of professional education(law,dentistry,medicine,pharmacy,and podiatric medicine)in the United States.精品Linda(f.)represents the personality characteristics of hard worker,careful,patient,independent,reliable,and practical and comes form Spanish or Italian,meaning“beautiful”.Diane(f.)represents the personality characteristics of clever,responsible,friendly,serious,reliable,and independent and comes from the French form of Diana,originally from the Roman goddess of nature and fertility.Barbara(f.)represents the personality characteristics of sensitive,artistic,unstable,and self-conscious and comes from the Greek barbaros,meaning“foreign”.Saint Barbara was a woman killed by her father,who was then killed by of bolt of lightning.She is the patron of architects,geologists,stonemasons and artillerymen.精品Carol(f.or m.)represents the personality characteristics of quiet,practical,clever,methodical,creative,inentive,analytical,studious,and moody and is an English feminine form of Carolus meaning“song”or“hymn”in English.Note that Carol used to be a masculine name as well but now it is for girls only.Cindy(f.)represents the personality characteristics of idealistic,proactive,impressionable,receptive,candid,self-centered,sensitive,imaginative,visionary,and perfectionist.Cindy is a short form of Cynthi which comes from the Greek Kynthos,the name of the Greek moon goddess Artemis who was named after the mountain Kynthos on which she and her twin brother Apollo were presumably born.精品objective1.a.fair;not influenced by personal feelings2.How can you make an objective decision if shes your own daughter?3.The painter tried to e as objective as possible in evaluating his latest work.2.n.an object to be won,purpose of a planHis objective is to become the fastest runner.I dont know what his objectives were in making such a criticism.Objectively in a way of not beng influenced by personal feelings;fairObjectively(speaking),he cant possibly succeed.精品despair1.v.lose all hope2.There are signs that many citizens have already despaired of political officials.3.Dont despair,things will get better plete lack or loss of hopeHe was filled with despair by his failure.His despair of becoming a great artist made him stop painting.3.n.the cause of feeling of loss of hopeThis boy is the despair of the teacher.Hi is the despair of his parents because he shows no interest in getting a job.精品be stuck with1.be unable to get rid of.2.We were stuck with relatives who came to stay unexpectedly.2.be unable to go or do anything further,esp.because of difficultiesWill you help me with this mathematical problem?Im stuck with it.精品lable1.n.a word or phrase describing a group or class name2.This city merits its label as the garden of the world.2.n.a piece of paper or other material fixed to sth in order to give information about itBecause there is no label on the luggage,we dont know to whom it belongs.I read the information on the label before buying it.3.v.put into a kind of class;describe as They label(l)ed him a thief.4.v.fix or tie a lable on sth He was busy labeling the wine bottles.The jam was labeled“Apple and Banana”.精品
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