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2 2Discovery of a New Life StageUnit 3Unit 32024/6/271How many life stages do we experience?2024/6/272PrebirthPrebirthBirthBirthInfancy(Ages 0-3)Infancy(Ages 0-3)Early Childhood Early Childhood(Ages 3-6)(Ages 3-6)Middle Childhood Middle Childhood(Ages 6-8)(Ages 6-8)Late Late Childhood Childhood(Ages 9-11)(Ages 9-11)Adolescence Adolescence(Ages 12-20)(Ages 12-20)Early Early Adulthood Adulthood(Ages 20-35)(Ages 20-35)Midlife Midlife(Ages 35-50)(Ages 35-50)Mature AdulthoodMature Adulthood(Ages 50-80)(Ages 50-80)Late Adulthood Late Adulthood(Age 80+)(Age 80+)Death&DyingDeath&Dying2024/6/2732024/6/274Journey through the Odyssey YearsSection ASection A2024/6/275Main idea&structureMain idea&structureLanguage focusLanguage focus Text studyJourney Journey through the odyssey yearsthrough the odyssey yearsSection ASection A2024/6/276Previous phases in lifeTransitionA newly added phase in life:the odyssey yearsCharacteristics of the odyssey yearsAdvice to young peopleStructure of the textStructure of the textMain idea&structureMain idea&structure2024/6/277phasen.n.阶段；时期a stage in a process of change or developmentv.v.usually passive分阶段进行；逐步做to arrange to do sth gradually in stages over a period of timephase down 逐步减少phase in 逐步采用phase out 逐步淘汰,逐步结束Phrases:Phrases:2024/6/278labelv.v.1.贴标签于；用标签标明to fix a label on sth or write information on sth2.（尤指不公正地）把称为to describe sb/sth in a particular way,especially unfairlyWe carefully labelled each item with the contents and the date.He was labelled(as)a traitor by his former colleagues.2024/6/279parallelv.1.与相似；与同时发生to be similar to sth;to happen at the same time as sth2.与媲美；比得上 to be as good as sth3.与平行 be the same distance apart at every point along their whole lengthadj.adj.1.平行的two or more lines that are parallel to each other are the same distance apart at every point (to/with sth)(to/with sth)2.极相似的；同时发生的；相应的；对应的very similar or taking place at the same time2024/6/2710Their legal system parallels our own.The railway lines run parallel to the road.Her experiences parallel mine in many instances.TranslationTranslation她的经历多与我的相似。2024/6/2711acquaintv.(formal)使熟悉；使了解to make sb/yourself familiar with or aware of sthUsagesUsages:1.acquaint sb/oneself with sth使某人熟悉,把告知某人2.S+n./pron.+that-clauseTranslationTranslationWe should acquaint ourselves with this advanced technique.我们应该使自己熟悉这种先进技术。2024/6/2712There were childhood,adolescence,adulthood,and old age,with each unique phase bringing its own peculiar set of challenges.(Para.1)Previous phases in lifeStructure of the textStructure of the textMain idea&structureMain idea&structure2024/6/2713previousadj.adj.only before noun 先前的,以往的,早先的happening or existing before the event or object that you are talking about【派生词】previous to prep.Previous to this,shed always been well.2024/6/2714inductionn.n.1.就职；入门；接纳会员；就职仪式the process of introducing sb to a new job,skill,organization,etc.;a ceremony at which this takes place2.归纳法,归纳a method of discovering general rules and principles from particular facts and examplesMrs.Simpson is responsible for the induction of new library staff.2024/6/2715sensibleadj.1.(人及行为)明智的；理智的；合理的；切合实际的able to make good judgements based on reason and experience rather than emotion;practical2.(formal or literary)意识到；认识到aware of sth2024/6/2716equivalentadj.adj.（价值、数量、意义、重要性等）相等的，相 同 的 equal in value,amount,meaning,importance,etc.(to sth)n.n.相等的东西；等量；对应词a thing,amount,word,etc.that is equivalent to sth else(of/to sth)A dime is equivalent to 10 pennies.2024/6/2717radicaladj.adj.usually before noun1.根本的,彻底的,完全的concerning the most basic and important parts of sth;thorough and complete2.全新的,不同凡响的,重大的new,different and likely to have a great effect3.激进的；极端的in favour of thorough and complete political or social change2024/6/2718quitv.v.1.(informal)离开（工作职位、学校等）；离任；离校to leave your job,school,etc.2.(informal,especiallyNAmE)停止,戒掉to stop doing sth doing sth./sth.3.离开，迁出，搬离（住处）to leave the place where you live4.关闭，退出（计算机程序等）to close a computer program or application2024/6/2719HequithisjobasanofficeboyinAthens.PolicewerecalledwhenherefusedtoquitthebuildingIwastryingtoquitsmokingatthetime.He quit/quitted the show last year because of/due to bad health.TranslationTranslation去年他因身体欠佳而退出了表演。2024/6/2720shiftv.1.转移；挪动to move,or move sth,from one position or place to another(sth)(from)(to)2.(情况、意见、政策等)变换；更替；变动to change from one state,position,etc.to another(from)(to/towards/toward)When the wind shifted/shifts from south to north,it/the weather began/begins to get cold.TranslationTranslation当风向由南转北时,天变冷了。2024/6/2721n.1.改 变；转 移；转 换；变 换 a change in position or direction(in sth)2.班；轮班；轮班工作时间a period of time worked by a group of workers who start work as another group finishesday/night shiftworking in shifts2024/6/2722prioradj.only before noun1.(formal)在前面的 before sth prior toprior to2.先 前 的；较 早 的；在 前 的 happening or existing before sth else or before a particular time3.优先的；占先的；较重要的already existing and therefore more importantPlease give us prior notice if you need an evening meal.They have a prior claim to the property.2024/6/2723framev.v.1.（以某种方式）表达to express sth in a particular way2.usually passive给做框；给镶边to put or make a frame or border around sthYoull have to be careful how you frame the question.The photograph had been framed.2024/6/2724n.n.1.（图画、门、玻璃等的）框架a strong border or structure of wood,metal,etc.that holds a picture,door,piece of glass,etc.in position2.sing.（构成某事物背景的）总的思想，体系，体制，模式the general ideas or structure that form the background to sth3.C帧；画格；画面one of the single photographs that a film or video is made of4.C,usually sing.体形；身材；骨架the form or structure of a person or animals body5.C（家具、建筑物、车辆等的）构架，支架，骨架the supporting structure of a piece of furniture,a building,a vehicle,etc.that gives it its shape2024/6/2725proportionn.n.1.C 部分；份额a part or share of a whole2.U比例；倍数the relationship of one thing to another in size,amount,etc.(of sth to sth)3.pl.proportions面积；体积；规模；程度the measurements of sth;its size and shapeWater covers a large proportion of the earths surface.The proportion of men to women in the college has changed dramatically over the years.2024/6/2726Usage:Usage:1.If proportion is used with an uncountable or a singular noun,the verb is generally singular.A proportion of the land is used for agriculture.2.If the proportion of is used with a plural countable noun,or a singular noun that represents a group of people,the verb is usually singular,but with a(large,small,etc.)proportion of,a plural verb is often used,especially in BrE.The proportion of small cars on Americas roads is increasing.A high proportion of five-year-olds have teeth in poor condition.2024/6/2727Today,many young people delay marriage and even employment,which is different from the previous times.A newly added phase in life:the odyssey yearsToday,young people are following a different agenda:the odyssey years.Previously,young peoples induction to adulthood was completed once they graduated from college.Structure of the textStructure of the textMain idea&structureMain idea&structure(Para.3)(Para.3)(Para.4)(Para.4)(Para.5)(Para.5)2024/6/2728rebeln.n.rebl反 政 府 的 人；叛 乱 者；造 反 者 a person who fights against the government of their countryv.v.ribel造反；反抗；背叛to fight against or refuse to obey an authority,for example a government,a system,your parents,etc.(against sb/sth)rebellious adj.The slaves rebelled against their masters and killed them all.TranslationTranslation奴隶们起来反抗奴隶主并把他们都杀光。2024/6/2729resentv.v.愤恨；感到气愤；愤愤不平to feel bitter or angry about sth,especially because you feel it is unfairUsage:Usage:1.S+n./pron.2.S+v ingFreedie resents being kept waiting so long.3.S+that-clauseHe resents that he is often kept waiting.2024/6/2730resortv.诉诸；求助于；依靠to make use of sth,especially sth bad,as a means of achieving sth,often because there is no other possible solutionresort to sth/doing sth.We may have to resort to using untrained staff.2024/6/2731make allowance(s)for sth体谅，谅解；考虑到，估计到（如在决策或计划时）The budget made allowance for inflation.make allowances(for sb)体谅，谅解Hes tired so Ill make allowances for him.make allowance(s)make allowance(s)forfor2024/6/2732predictv.预言；预告；预报to say that sth will happen in the futureUsage:Usage:1.S+n./pron.2.S+that-clause3.It is/was predicted that4.【passive】be predicted to doThe trial is predicted to last for months.2024/6/2733versionn.n.1.变化形式;变体;版本a form of sth that is slightly different from an earlier form or from other forms of the same thing2.（从不同角度的）说法，描述a description of an event from the position of a particular person or group of peopleThere are two versions of the game,a long one and a short one.She gave us her version of what had happened that day.2024/6/2734boomv.v.1.迅速发展；激增；繁荣昌盛to have a period of rapid growth;to become bigger,more successful,etc.2.轰鸣；轰响to make a loud deep soundBy the 1980s,the computer industry was booming.2024/6/2735implicitadj.adj.含蓄的；不直接言明的suggested without being directly expressed(in sth)在中不明确的Implicit in his speech was the assumption that they were guilty.2024/6/2736contemporaryadj.1.当代的；现代的belonging to the present time2.属同时期的；同一时代的belonging to the same time(with sb/sth)He was contemporary with the dramatist Congreve.2024/6/2737witnessv.1.是发生的地点（或时间、组织等）；见证to be the place,period,organization,etc.in which particular events take place2.当场看到，目击（尤指罪行或事故）to see sth happen(typically a crime or an accident)Did anyone witness the traffic accident?The 1980s have witnessed increasing unemployment.2024/6/2738n.1.目 击 者；见 证 人 a person who sees sth happen and is able to describe it to other peoplebe(a)witness to sth目击，看见（某事发生）2.证人a person who gives evidence in courta defence/prosecution witness被告的/控方的证人TranslationTranslationIndia has witnessed many political changes in recent years.印度近年来经历了很多政治变动。2024/6/2739New guidelines for this particular phase havent been established.Every change remains temporary.Characteristics of the odyssey yearsBecause of enormous pressure,young people react with rebellious behaviors toward their parents.Their parents feel more anxious.The change in gender status delays the time to get married.However,young people still hold traditional aspirations for parenthood.This new phase will become more pronounced in the coming years.(Para.6)(Para.6)(Para.7)(Para.7)(Para.8)(Para.8)(Para.9)(Para.9)(Para.10)(Para.10)2024/6/2740deceivev.v.1.欺骗；蒙骗；诓骗to make sb believe sth that is not true sb(into doing sth)骗得某人相信2.使人误信；误导to make sb have a wrong idea about sb/sthWe were deceived into buying that house.Unless my eyes deceive me,thats his wife.2024/6/2741reinforcev.v.1.加强；充实；使更强烈to make a feeling,an idea,etc.stronger2.加 固；使 更 结 实 to make a structure or material stronger,especially by adding another material to it3.给加强力量（或装备）；使更强大to send more people or equipment in order to make an army,etc.strongerA good speaker should be able to reinforce his argument with facts.一个好的演讲者会用事实来加强他论点。TranslationTranslation2024/6/2742Advices to young peopleSuccess will only come to those who know that they must have the strength,capacity and confidence to pass through the odyssey years.Structure of the textStructure of the textMain idea&structureMain idea&structureKeep your resume professional and up-to-date.2024/6/27431 1 我们大多数人都知道，根据不同的年龄和生活阶段，人生可与此平行划分为童年、青春期、成年和老年这四个阶段。我们把这些阶段想象为婴儿在童年之前，中年在老年之前，每个阶段都会面临一系列特有的挑战，如孩子对学习的需要，成人对找到合适的职业生涯和建立一个家庭的需要，以及年长者对得到帮助和良好医疗保健的需要。通过对它们的充分了解，我们就可以战胜这些挑战。2 2 有趣的是，关于人生阶段的观念正在发生变化。2024/6/27443 3 在先前的年代，人们并没有一种固有的把童年和成年分开的想法。一百年前，谁也没有想到过青春期。直到最近，人们还很自然地认为：只要他们一从大学毕业，他们的成人入门阶段就结束了。他们就会找到一份把他们引入职业生涯的合适的工作。然后在此职业生涯期间，他们会成家，三十岁之前成家更为理想。4 4 今天，我们同样需要认识一个新的人生阶段：从高中毕业到上大学，然后到成家立业，即所谓的奥德赛岁月。由于年轻人正按照一种不同的模式生活，最近的趋势出现了根本性的变化。他们从学校休学，与朋友同住，也常回去与父母同住。同样，他们恋爱又失恋，辞掉一份工作又去寻找新的，甚至改行。因此，我们需要认识这个新阶段奥德赛岁月。现在许多人认为这是步入成年之前的一个难以回避的阶段。2024/6/27455 5 出生于上个世纪60年代或70年代之前的人们往往会将成年的概念基于是否取得了某些成就：从父母家搬走，经济上独立，找到合适的配偶并组织家庭。但是，对稳定的强调并没能保持不变。今天，年轻人不太可能仿效他们的父母。在奥德赛岁月中，相当比例的年轻人都推迟结婚、生子，甚至推迟就业。6 6 奥德赛岁月使年轻人承受了巨大的压力，迫使他们快速往前冲。作为他们父母唯一的继承人和所有期望、希望和梦想的聚焦，有些年轻人以叛逆和桀骜不驯的行为和态度对待父母。他们往往憎恨他们所感到的压力，并同他们的父母保持距离，甚至离家出走。他们的困惑源于很难让家长了解他们，也源于这段需要进行自我探索的、不确定的人生之旅。为了逃避困惑和不安，许多年轻人诉诸电脑游戏，iPod，iPhone或iPad，以帮助分散他们的痛苦和压力。2024/6/27467 7 同样，他们的父母更是着急。虽然他们理解从学生到成年需要一个过渡阶段，但看到他们已成年子女的过渡阶段的生活与他们的期望渐行渐远，过渡阶段延至五年，七年，甚至更长时，他们感到生气。父母甚至不能清楚地觉察到他们孩子未来生活的方向，只能看着他们，看着要做的事被拖延着。8 8 接下来会如何发展很难预测。新的准则还没有建立，一切似乎都被一个不确定的版本所取代。两性之间地位和权力的平衡也有了转变。取得学位的女性比男性更多。男性的工资在过去的几十年里一直停滞不前，而女性的工资却出现激增。2024/6/27479 9 别的不说，这对择偶产生了不言而喻的影响。即使未婚，受过教育的妇女仍可以得到很多她们想要的东西，如安全感，成就感，和认同感。不过，不论男女都更难找到合适的伴侣来一同建立他们的生活。在讨论这一切时，有助于让大家知道，即使毕业生离开大学后推迟了做很多事，调查结果显示，他们仍持有很传统的愿望。例如，当今的一代比以前的几代对如何扮演好父母的角色有着更高的要求。1010 这一新阶段在未来几年可能更明显。世界各国都目睹了相似的趋势，人们推迟结婚，花更多年的时间徘徊在接受高等教育和建立职业生涯及家庭之间。2024/6/27481111 然而，毕业生不应误认为因情况已变得更困难，他们就可以放弃。大批的人努力角逐相对较少的机会，这会导致强大的竞争压力。所以，从一开始你就要将个人简历写得很专业，并做到随时更新。1212 要强化这一重要信息：顺利度过奥德赛岁月的将是那些不急于即刻实现目标的人但这些人知道他们必须保持实力、能力、信心去度过这段较长的岁月。如果你的目标起步稍晚了点，不要认为自己是个失败者！意志坚定，态度积极，并集中精力！有一天，你会回头审视，并对奥德赛岁月给你带来的巨大改变感到惊叹。2024/6/2749Focus on a comparison/contrast essayTo compare means to show the similarities and to contrast means to show the differences.In everyday life,you compare and contrast when you buy a car or choose an apartment.You can also compare two teachers,two jobs,or two ways to spend a weekend.Writing devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2750Contrast:Contrast:on the other hand,in contrast,however,in comparison,even though,although,though,whereas,while,but,different from,unlike,etc.The key to writing a successful and coherent essay is the appropriate use of comparison and contrast structure words.The common ones are:Structure wordsComparison:Comparison:similarly,likewise,also,too,as,just as,like,just like,similar to,alike,the same as,not only but also,both and,etc.Writing devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2751 Have Have a a look look at at the the outline outline and and the the sample sample below,below,which which is is a a comparison/contrast essay:.comparison/contrast essay:.Writing devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2752Topic:Topic:The differences between The differences between the young the young generation and generation and their parentstheir parents generation.generation.IntroductionIntroduction:Thesis statement:Even Thesis statement:Even though both though both generations have generations have their good their good points,points,todays todays young people young people are more active are more active and adaptable and adaptable to the changes to the changes of life of life than their than their parents.parents.to be continuedto be continuedWriting devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2753Body:Body:Point Point 1:active in life1:active in life Young peopleYoung people Parents ParentsPoint 2:adaptable to Point 2:adaptable to the changes the changes of of lifelife Young peopleYoung people ParentsParentsWriting devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2754Conclusion:Conclusion:Young people usually live in a more active and flexible way than their parents.Writing devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2755SampleSample:As is known to all,peoples lifestyles and behavior change constantly.Consequently,there are many differences between the young generation and their parents generation(Topic sentence).Even though both generations have their good points,todays young people are more active and adaptable to the changes of life than their parents.to be continuedto be continuedWriting devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2756SampleSample:First of all,young people nowadays are more active in life(Detail 1).As we can often observe,many students who are still in high school have started to find jobs.They think this will help them gain more experience and they can work better after graduating from universities.This is an absolutely opposite view to their parents generation.In their times,parents often waited until they were qualified enough to get a job.They were not as active as young people today.to be continuedto be continuedWriting devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2757SampleSample:In addition,the young generation better adapts to the changes of life(Detail 2).For example,for the past decade or so,the Internet has developed tremendously.Young people find it extremely easy to use and feel very comfortable to apply it to their studies and work;therefore,they have made more progress at school and at work.In contrast,their parents usually find it hard to remember how to use computers or surf online.They often get frustrated when they have to work on a computer and find it hard to adapt to the new technology.to be continuedto be continuedWriting devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2758SampleSample:To conclude,although every generation has its own uniqueness and abilities to live their lives,young people usually live in a more active and flexible way than their parents(Concluding sentence).Writing devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2759Writing practiceWriting practiceDirections:Directions:Write an essay of no less than 120 words on one of the following topics.One topic has an outline you can follow.Writing devicesWriting devicesEssay writingEssay writing2024/6/2760More topics(easy ones):More topics(easy ones):Young people now and then High school vs.collegeEssay writingEssay writingEssay writingEssay writingMore topics(more challenging ones):More topics(more challenging ones):Traditional Education vs.Online Education E-books vs.Printed Books2024/6/27612024/6/2762
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