Grammar (2)课件

The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive ClauseUnit 1 GrammarCan you tell the difference between Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Clause?A.In written formB.In how close the clause is connected with the main sentencee.g.Beijing is a city that Ive always wanted to visit.Beijing,which is the capital of China,has a long history.Mr.Black is the man who rescued me from the river.Mr.Black,who is a doctor,rescued me from the river.C.In Antecedent(先行词先行词)e.g.Mike sold the house which his family had lived in for 30 years.Mike sold the house,which made his father very angry.Mike lived in Lincoln Street,where many important people lived.D.In the Relative Pronouns(关系代词关系代词)She married a man(that/whom/who)she met on the bus.The book,which he lost yesterday,has been found.which 在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语,但不能省略但不能省略He failed in the exam,that made his mother angry.He failed in the exam,which made his mother angry.关系代词：关系代词：which/who/whom/whose/as 关系副词：关系副词：when/where(非限制性定语从句中不用关系词非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略不能省略)非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词。系代词和副词。限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。隔开。My cousin whose father is a teacher wants to be an actor.My cousin,whose father is a teacher,wants to be an actor.For reference1.A.This is the place where I lived ten2.years ago.B.She is going to spend the winter holiday in Macao,which returned to China in 1999.2.A.He is a man who I can ask for help.B.His father,who works in Beijing,came back yesterday.限制性定语从句和先行词关系密限制性定语从句和先行词关系密切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意切，如果去掉从句，剩余部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉是先行词的附加说明，如果去掉从句，意义仍然完整。从句，意义仍然完整。1.I have a sister who works in a hospital.我我有有一位在医院工作的姐姐。一位在医院工作的姐姐。（不只一位姐姐）（不只一位姐姐）2.I have a sister,who works in a hospital.我有我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐）（只有一位姐姐）有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思。会改变全句的意思。3.All the magazines here which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。（杂志有带图画和不带图画两类）（杂志有带图画和不带图画两类）4.All the magazines here,which have beautiful pictures in them,were written by him.所有的杂志都是他写的，里面都有漂亮所有的杂志都是他写的，里面都有漂亮的图画。的图画。（杂志只有一种）（杂志只有一种）His father,who works in Beijing,came back yesterday.Shanghai,which is in East China,is developing rapidly.当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常只用非限制性定语从句。用非限制性定语从句。DifferencesComma（逗号）逗号）The non-restrictive attributive clause can be left out.（非限制性定语从句可被省略）非限制性定语从句可被省略）We cant use“that”in it.（非限制性定语非限制性定语从句中不可以用从句中不可以用that)We cant miss the relative words.（非限（非限制性定语从句中关系代词不可以被省略）制性定语从句中关系代词不可以被省略）1 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,_,of course,made the others envy(嫉妒嫉妒)him.(2004 天津天津)A.who B.that C.what D.which 2 There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.(2004 全国全国)A.where B.which C.when D.that 3 The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year,80%_ are sold abroad.(2004 辽宁辽宁)A.of which B.which of C.of them D.of that 4 The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.(2004 全国全国)A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which5 I have many friends,some _ are businessmen.(2005 全国全国)A.why B.from which C.who of D.of whom 6 If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men,women will spend more time in the shop.(2005 上海上海)A.that B.which C.when D.where7 Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer what it was 20 years ago,_ it was so poorly equipped.(2005 安徽安徽)A.when B.which C.what D.that 8 Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.（2005 浙江浙江）A.which B.that C.this D.it