我的情态动词教学课件

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我的情态动词我的情态动词ppt课件课件31、园日涉以成趣,门虽设而常关。32、鼓腹无所思。朝起暮归眠。33、倾壶绝余沥,窥灶不见烟。34、春秋满四泽,夏云多奇峰,秋月扬明辉,冬岭秀孤松。35、丈夫志四海,我愿不知老。can的主要用法是:的主要用法是:1.表示体力或脑力方面的表示体力或脑力方面的能力能力:Thegirlcandanceverywell.2.在口语中在口语中,can可以表示可以表示请求请求或允许,或允许,could可以代替可以代替can表示请求表示请求,但语气较但语气较can客气、委婉客气、委婉:CanIsithere?can 和和could:3表示表示推测推测事物的可能性等事物的可能性等:表示表示“理论上或逻辑上的可能理论上或逻辑上的可能”“有时可能会有时可能会”Anybody can make mistakes.(只表示只表示理论上的可能性理论上的可能性)An accident can happen if you do this.(表示事情肯定会发生表示事情肯定会发生)2)could的主要用法是:的主要用法是:A.could是是can的过去式的过去式,表示与过去表示与过去有关的能力和推测有关的能力和推测:eg.Weallknewthattheyoungmancouldntbeadoctor.以以could或或would提问时,不能再以提问时,不能再以could或或would作答,而应该用作答,而应该用can或或will。CouldIborrowyourdictionary?Yes,ofcourseyoucan.与与be able to 的区别:的区别:could 只有现在和过去时态,只有现在和过去时态,强调能力强调能力;be able to有各种时态,表示有各种时态,表示“一时一时”的能力的能力,强调结强调结果果.“有能力并且做了有能力并且做了”can的特殊句型:的特殊句型:can not.too/enough无论怎么无论怎么.也不也不过分;越过分;越.越好越好 You cant be too careful.can not but do sth 不得不,只好不得不,只好 I cant but admire your bravery.may 和和might:may常用来表示:常用来表示:A.表示请求、允许表示请求、允许;比比can较为正式,较为正式,否定否定回答时,一般要用回答时,一般要用mustnt,表示,表示“禁止、禁止、阻止阻止”had better not“最好别最好别”:eg.MayIcomein?Youmaygonow.May I watch TV after supper?Yes,you may./No,you mustnt.eg.-IbelievethemanisfromEngland.-ButImaybewrong.Theguestmayarrivethisafternoon.在肯定句中,在肯定句中,may的可能性比的可能性比can高,高,may表示现实的可能性,表示现实的可能性,can表示表示理论上的可能性。如:理论上的可能性。如:B.表示说话人的猜测表示说话人的猜测:“也许也许”“可能可能”:通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。通常只用于肯定句和否定句中。Theroadmaybeblocked.这条路可能不通了。这条路可能不通了。Theroadcanbeblocked.这条路可能会是不通的。这条路可能会是不通的。在疑问句中,表示可能性用在疑问句中,表示可能性用can。如:如:Wherecanhebe?他会在哪呢?他会在哪呢?C.表示表示祝愿祝愿;但语气较正式但语气较正式:eg.Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!might的用法有的用法有:多在间接引语中表示多在间接引语中表示过去的可能过去的可能和和允许。如允许。如:Shesaidthathemighttakeherbike.她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。1.I wish.,may I?2.may/might well do sth 很可能;(完全)能很可能;(完全)能 He may well be proud of his son.3.may/might as well do sth 不妨不妨.倒不如倒不如 You may as well stay here over the night.will和和would:1.表示主观意志或意愿。表示主观意志或意愿。will指现在,指现在,would指过去指过去 eg.I will never do that again.They said that they would help us.用于否定句,表示“不肯”“不乐意”He wont say words like that.2.在疑问句中用于第二人称,提出请求或在疑问句中用于第二人称,提出请求或询问。询问。eg:Ifyouwanthelp,letmeknow,willyou?如果你需要帮助如果你需要帮助,让我知道让我知道,好吗好吗?祈使句反意疑问句祈使句反意疑问句Willyoutypethis,please?请打印这个请打印这个,好吗?好吗?Wontyousitdown?请坐下请坐下,好吗?好吗?3.would比比will客气委婉。客气委婉。eg:Wouldyouhelpus,please?请您帮助我们,好吗?请您帮助我们,好吗?(表请求)(表请求)表示习惯性,经常性,倾向性,译作“总是”“惯于”I will buy some snacks after lunch every day.He would go to his grandpas after school when he was young.shall和和should:1.用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意见用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意见 Shallwegobytrain,Mom?妈妈,我们乘火车去好吗?妈妈,我们乘火车去好吗?(用于征求对方的意见,情态动词)(用于征求对方的意见,情态动词)Shall I close the door?用于第一、三人称的疑问句,表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示 Shall we begin our lesson?Shall the driver wait?用于第二、三人称的陈述句,表示说话人给用于第二、三人称的陈述句,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁 You shall go with me.He shall be punished.用于所有人称,表示规章,法令,语言等“必须”This law shall come into effect on May 1st 2.should表示义务、建议、劝告,意表示义务、建议、劝告,意为为“应该应该”。eg:Youshouldkeepyourpromise.你应该遵守诺言。你应该遵守诺言。表示语气“竟然”He should be such a rude person.Ought to1.表示表示“应该应该”You ought to go to see the doctor.(ought to 的语气比的语气比must 弱弱)You oughtnt(ought not)to smoke so much.Ought you to smoke so much?2.表示表示“预测预测”,婉转,婉转,比比must语气弱语气弱 They ought to be there by now.should 和和ought to的区别的区别含义大致相同,含义大致相同,ought to 强调在客观上(法律,章程和道义)强调在客观上(法律,章程和道义),比,比should语气强。语气强。should强调主观上,表示主语的职责和义务强调主观上,表示主语的职责和义务或说话人的劝告或说话人的劝告。You ought to go and see Mary tomorrow.You shouldnt judge a man always by the clothes.must和和haveto1.must用于一般问句中用于一般问句中,肯定回答用肯定回答用must否定式用否定式用neednt或或donthaveto,做,做“不必不必”,mustnt表示表示“禁止,不允许禁止,不允许”MustIfinishallassignmentsatatime?Yes,youmust.No,youneednt.IdontlikethisTVset.Wemustbuyanewone.Therewasnomorebus.Theyhadtowalkhome.2.表示表示“必须必须”这个意思时,这个意思时,must和和haveto稍有区别。稍有区别。must着重说明主观着重说明主观看法,看法,haveto强调客观需要。另外,强调客观需要。另外,haveto能用于更多时态。能用于更多时态。Youmustbethenewteacher.Hemustbejoking.Thereisnobodyhere.Theymusthaveallgonehome.3.must表示对某人某事的猜测表示对某人某事的猜测,作作“准是准是”,“一定一定”,一般用于肯定句中。对一般用于肯定句中。对过去过去发生发生的事情作肯定判断用的事情作肯定判断用musthavedoneHemustcomeandworryherwithquestion,justwhenshewasbusycookingthedinner.Ofcourse,afterIgavehermyadvice,shemustgoanddotheopposite.4.must表示表示“偏要偏要,硬要硬要”,指做令人不快指做令人不快的事情的事情可兼做行为动词的情态动词:可兼做行为动词的情态动词:need、dare 情态动词(+动词原形)行为动词 .needdare 1.1.无人称和数的变化无人称和数的变化;2.2.尤其用于:尤其用于:*否定句及疑问句中否定句及疑问句中;*在在if/whetherif/whether之后之后;*或与或与hardlyhardly,nevernever,no oneno one,nobodynobody连用连用;3.3.常以常以neednneednt t 和和darendarent t 的形式出现的形式出现;4.dare4.dare有其过去时有其过去时dareddared.多用于肯定句多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing注意对注意对need问句的回答问句的回答:-NeedIfinishtheworktoday?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.youmustyouneedntyoudonthavetoneednt对其它情态动词的回答对其它情态动词的回答:-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.-Mustwedoitnow?-No,you_.neednt(donthaveto)neednt(donthaveto)could,might,would,should都可表示委都可表示委婉语气。婉语气。如如:Iwonderifyoucouldletmeuseyourcellphone.MightIknowyourtelephonenumber?委婉语气委婉语气.can/could,may/might和和must表推测:表推测:1、must:“一定是、准是一定是、准是”只用于肯定,其结构如下:只用于肯定,其结构如下:must+动词原形:对一般现在时推测;动词原形:对一般现在时推测;must+be doing:对现在进行时的推测;:对现在进行时的推测;must+have done:对过去情况的推测;:对过去情况的推测;2、can/could:用于否定和疑问,:用于否定和疑问,cant/couldnt+动词原形:动词原形:“不可能不可能”cant/couldnt+be doing:“不可能在做不可能在做”cant/couldnt+have done:“不可能已经不可能已经”3、may/might:“也许、可能也许、可能”用于肯定、否定,用于肯定、否定,may/might+动词原形:动词原形:may/might+have done:may/might not+动词原形:动词原形:may/might not+have done:注意:注意:must/can/may表推测时,其反意疑问句的构成如下:表推测时,其反意疑问句的构成如下:He must be in the classroom,isnt he?He must have seen the film,hasnt he?He must have seen the film last month,didnt he?、情态动词表虚拟时的结构、情态动词表虚拟时的结构情态动词后接完成体的四个句型:情态动词后接完成体的四个句型:、could/might have done:“本来可以本来可以”、should/ought to have done:“本应该本应该”、should not/ought not to have done:“本不本不该该”、need+have+done 本来需要做某事而没有做。本来需要做某事而没有做。neednt have done:“本不必本不必”、would+have+done“本来会做本来会做”注意:注意:以上五个结构都指过去的情况以上五个结构都指过去的情况,表并未如此表并未如此.2.含含if条件句的复合句中:条件句的复合句中:句型一:句型一:If(过去式(过去式/were),),主句主句(should/would/could/might +动原动原)“愿意、会愿意、会/能能 /也许也许”句型二:句型二:If(had done),),主句主句(should/would/could/might+have done)“愿意、会愿意、会/能能/也许也许”can/could,may/might,should和和must都可表示肯定的推测。都可表示肯定的推测。can/could表示表示客观可能性;客观可能性;may表示推测时,其语气表示推测时,其语气不肯定;不肯定;might语气更弱,表示某事实语气更弱,表示某事实际发生的可能性;际发生的可能性;should表示确定或可表示确定或可能有的未来或期待;能有的未来或期待;must表示肯定的语表示肯定的语气气。如:。如:推测的可能性推测的可能性1.IthinkIllgiveBobaringlater2.intheweek.You_.Youhaventbeenintouchwithhimforages.A.willB.mayC.havetoD.shouldD练习坊练习坊I.Choosethecorrectanswer.2.John,lookatthetime._youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?A.MustB.CanC.MayD.ShouldA3.There_anydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustntbeB.shanthaveC.shouldntbeD.neednthaveC4.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit_beveryslow.A.ShouldB.mustC.will D.can5.Helen_goonthetripwithus,butsheisntquitesureyet.A.shallB.mustC.mayD.canDC6.Someoneisknockingatthedoor._itbeVenis?No,it_beher;sheleftforNewYorkthismorning.A.Can;mustntB.Might;cantC.May;doesntD.Can;cantD7.Mikepromisedhisdoctorhe_notdrink,andhehasneverdrunkeversince.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.wouldD8.Isthereamovieoninthecinematonight?There_be.Iwillphonethecinemaandfinditout.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.mustA9.WhenIwasstudyingatBeijingUniversity,I_takeawalkalongthelakeeveryevening.A.willB.wouldC.couldD.shallB10.MrBrown,manystudentswanttoseeyou._theywaithereoroutside?A.ShallB.WillC.CanD.WouldA对过去的猜测对过去的猜测1.must have done2.could/can have done3.should have done4.would have done5.need have done cant have done couldnt/cant have doneshouldnt have donewouldnt have done neednt have done一定做了某事一定做了某事肯定没做某事肯定没做某事可能做了某事可能做了某事本该做某事本该做某事本来是要做某事的本来是要做某事的本需要做某事本需要做某事1.Withsomuchworkonhand,you_toseethegamelastnight.A.mustntgoB.couldhavegoneC.shouldntgoD.shouldnthavegone2.-Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourney.()A.cantbeB.mustnthavebeenC.shouldntbeD.couldnthavebeenDD3.where is my dictionary?I remember I Put it here yesterday.-You_ it in the wrong place.A.must put B.should have putC.might put D.might have put4.The weather turned out to be fine Yesterday.I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have taken B.could have takenC.neednt have taken D.mustnt have takenDC3.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it_cleaned.A.canthavebeenB.couldntbeC.mayhavebeenD.wouldbeA1.-_Igoouttoplay,mum?2.-No,you_.Youshoulddoyour3.homeworkfirst.4.A.Might;wouldnt5.B.May;hadbetternot6.C.Must;mustnt7.D.Need;mustntB练习坊练习坊I.Choosethecorrectanswer.2.-WhereisEmma?-Icantsayforsurewheresheis,butshe_beoutshopping.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.mayD3.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it_cleaned.A.canthavebeenB.couldntbeC.mayhavebeenD.wouldbeA4.How_yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.mayA5.There_beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepractisedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.needntC6.-Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.-It_acomfortablejourney.()A.cantbeB.mustnthavebeenC.shouldntbeD.couldnthavebeenD7.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.()A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoD8.Peter_comewithustonight,butheisntverysure.A.mustB.canC.mayD.willC9.-CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?-Yes,you_.A.willB.couldC.mayD.mightC10.Sorry,Imlate.I_haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.willA11.-Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.-You_havemycomputerifyoudonttakecareofit.A.shantB.mightnotC.needntD.shouldntA12.-WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.-They_bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.needB13.Withsomuchworkonhand,you_toseethegamelastnight.A.mustntgoB.couldhavegoneC.shouldntgoD.shouldnthavegoneD14.Johnny,you_playwiththeknife,you_hurtyourself.A.wont;cantB.mustnt;mayC.shouldnt;mustD.cant;wouldntB15.Thereisnolightinthedormitory.Theymusthavegonetothelecture,_?A.didnttheyB.donttheyC.mustnttheyD.haventtheyD16.Imissedthebus,soI_gohomeonfoot.A.mustB.mayC.canD.hadtoD2.A:_XiaoFengfindtheoriginofEasterfromthatbook?B:No,he_.1.A:_youliketogotoaspecialeventwithusonSaturday?B:Yes,I_.Woulddliketogowithyouon SaturdayCouldcouldntfinditExercise3.A:_Igowithmyfriendtotheharvestfestival?B:Yes,you_.4.A:IfIwanttobeadoctor_Istudyscience?B:Yes,you_.shouldstudyscienceMaymaygo(withyourshouldfriends)5.A:Heisveryhandsome._heplaytheroleoftheprince?B:No,he_.cantplaytheroleoftheCanprince6.A:Theneighbourschildrenareolderthisyear._theystopplayingtricksatHalloween?B:Perhaps,they_._.MightorShouldmightstoporshouldstopplayingtricksplayingtricksatHalloweenatHalloweencan;couldWhenIwasyoungI_climbanytreeintheforest.Learningalanguage_bearealchallenge.couldcanII.选用正确的情态动词填空。选用正确的情态动词填空。will;wouldWhenhegotolder,he_neverdohishomework.Nancy_keeptalkingunlessyoutellhertoshutup.wouldwillshall;shouldBynow,they_alreadybeinDubai.I_bereplacedbysomeonefromtheNewYorkoffice.shouldshallmust;cantYou_havestayedup.Youlooksotired.You_be45!Ithoughtyouwereabout25yearsold.mustcantHarvestandThanksgivingfestivalscanbeveryhappyevents.(P2)考点考点情态动词情态动词can的用法。的用法。考例考例1ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_berathercoldsometimes.(福建福建2008)A.must B.canC.shouldD.would考点点拨考点点拨 考例回顾考例回顾选选B。can表示表示“可能可能”,意为,意为“有时天有时天气可能会相当冷气可能会相当冷”。must必须、肯必须、肯定;定;should应该;应该;would表示过去常表示过去常常。常。考例考例2You_behungryalreadyyouhadlunchonlytwohoursago!(浙江浙江2008)A.wouldntB.cantB.C.mustntD.neednt选选B。此题考查情态动词表推测。此题考查情态动词表推测。cant意意为为“不可能不可能”;mustnt意为意为“禁止、一禁止、一定不定不要要”;wouldnt常表示对现在或将来情况常表示对现在或将来情况的虚拟;的虚拟;neednt意为意为“没有必要没有必要”。31、只有永远躺在泥坑里的人,才不会再掉进坑里。黑格尔32、希望的灯一旦熄灭,生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。普列姆昌德33、希望是人生的乳母。科策布34、形成天才的决定因素应该是勤奋。郭沫若35、学到很多东西的诀窍,就是一下子不要学很多。洛克
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