思科网络技术学院教程(第五章路由器基础)课件

Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICRC_revision_11.3路由器基础路由器基础第五章第五章 2ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.外部配置资源外部配置资源Console PortAuxiliary PortInterfacesVirtualTerminalsVTY 0 4TNetwork ManagementStation3ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMRAM路由器内的配置组件路由器内的配置组件4ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMRAMNVRAMNVRAM路由器内的配置组件路由器内的配置组件5ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMRAMNVRAMNVRAMFlashFlash路由器内的配置组件路由器内的配置组件6ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMRAMNVRAMNVRAMFlashFlashROMROM路由器内的配置组件路由器内的配置组件7ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.InterfacesInterfacesRAMRAMNVRAMNVRAMFlashFlashROMROM路由器内的配置组件路由器内的配置组件8ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ConsoleConsoleAuxiliaryAuxiliaryInterfacesInterfacesRAMRAMNVRAMNVRAMFlashFlashROMROM路由器内的配置组件路由器内的配置组件9ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.系统启动简介系统启动简介启动例行程序启动例行程序 Check hardwareFind and load Cisco IOS software imageFind and apply router configuration information10ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.路由器的模式路由器的模式Router用户模式用户模式有限的检查路由器。有限的检查路由器。11ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Privileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#Privileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#特权模式特权模式详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文件操作、远程访问件操作、远程访问Router#路由器的模式路由器的模式Router用户模式用户模式有限的检查路由器。有限的检查路由器。12ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Flash中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期间启动过程被中断间启动过程被中断ROM 监控模式监控模式 或者或者 rommonPrivileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#Privileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#特权模式特权模式详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文件操作、远程访问件操作、远程访问Router#路由器的模式路由器的模式Router用户模式用户模式有限的检查路由器。有限的检查路由器。13ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.根据提示采用对话的方式建立最初的配置根据提示采用对话的方式建立最初的配置Setup模式模式Flash中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期间启动过程被中断间启动过程被中断ROM 监控模式监控模式 或者或者 rommonPrivileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#Privileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#特权模式特权模式详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文件操作、远程访问件操作、远程访问Router#路由器的模式路由器的模式Router用户模式用户模式有限的检查路由器。有限的检查路由器。14ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RXBoot模式模式自举帮助程序。当它不能在自举帮助程序。当它不能在Flash中找到可中找到可用的用的Cisco IOS映像文件，用于帮助路由器映像文件，用于帮助路由器自举。自举。Router根据提示采用对话的方式建立最初的配置根据提示采用对话的方式建立最初的配置Setup模式模式Flash中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期间启动过程被中断间启动过程被中断ROM 监控模式监控模式 或者或者 rommonPrivileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#Privileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#特权模式特权模式详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文件操作、远程访问件操作、远程访问Router#路由器的模式路由器的模式Router用户模式用户模式有限的检查路由器。有限的检查路由器。15ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.全局配置模式全局配置模式进行路由器的配置。其命令将影响整进行路由器的配置。其命令将影响整个路由器乃至网络系统。个路由器乃至网络系统。Router(config)#RXBoot模式模式自举帮助程序。当它不能在自举帮助程序。当它不能在Flash中找到可中找到可用的用的Cisco IOS映像文件，用于帮助路由器映像文件，用于帮助路由器自举。自举。Router根据提示采用对话的方式建立最初的配置根据提示采用对话的方式建立最初的配置Setup模式模式Flash中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期间启动过程被中断间启动过程被中断ROM 监控模式监控模式 或者或者 rommonPrivileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#Privileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#特权模式特权模式详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文件操作、远程访问件操作、远程访问Router#路由器的模式路由器的模式Router用户模式用户模式有限的检查路由器。有限的检查路由器。16ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.复杂的多行配置复杂的多行配置其他配置模式其他配置模式Router(config-mode)#全局配置模式全局配置模式进行路由器的配置。其命令将影响整进行路由器的配置。其命令将影响整个路由器乃至网络系统。个路由器乃至网络系统。Router(config)#RXBoot模式模式自举帮助程序。当它不能在自举帮助程序。当它不能在Flash中找到可中找到可用的用的Cisco IOS映像文件，用于帮助路由器映像文件，用于帮助路由器自举。自举。Router根据提示采用对话的方式建立最初的配置根据提示采用对话的方式建立最初的配置Setup模式模式Flash中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期中没有可用的操作系统或者启动期间启动过程被中断间启动过程被中断ROM 监控模式监控模式 或者或者 rommonPrivileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#Privileged EXEC ModeDetailed examination of router.Debugging and testing.File manipulation.Remote access.Router#特权模式特权模式详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文详细检查路由器。调试和试验、文件操作、远程访问件操作、远程访问Router#路由器的模式路由器的模式Router用户模式用户模式有限的检查路由器。有限的检查路由器。#Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICRC_revision_11.3用户访问接口用户访问接口（操作界面）（操作界面）18ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.用户接口概览用户接口概览用户模式用户模式特权模式特权模式19ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.登陆到路由器登陆到路由器Console20ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.登陆到路由器登陆到路由器ConsoleRouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.21ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RouterConsoleRouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.User-mode prompt登陆到路由器登陆到路由器22ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RouterRouterenablePassword:ConsoleRouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.User-mode prompt登陆到路由器登陆到路由器23ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RouterRouterenablePassword:Router#ConsoleRouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.User-mode promptPrivileged-mode prompt登陆到路由器登陆到路由器24ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RouterRouterenablePassword:Router#Router#disableRouterConsoleRouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.User-mode promptPrivileged-mode prompt登陆到路由器登陆到路由器25ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RouterRouterenablePassword:Router#Router#exitRouterRouterlogoutConsoleRouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.User mode promptPrivileged mode prompt登陆到路由器登陆到路由器26ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ConsoleUser Access VerificationPassword:使用口令使用口令27ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ConsoleUser Access VerificationPassword:%Password timeout expired使用口令使用口令28ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ConsoleUser Access VerificationPassword:%Password timeout expiredPassword:Password:使用口令使用口令29ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ConsoleUser Access VerificationPassword:%Password timeout expiredPassword:Password:%Bad Passwords使用口令使用口令30ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ConsoleRouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.使用口令使用口令31ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.User Access VerificationPassword:RouterRouterenablePassword:ConsoleRouter con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.使用口令使用口令32ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router?Exec commands:access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry atmsig Execute Atm Signalling Commands cd Change current device clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection dir List files on given device disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lat Open a lat connection lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user logout Exit from the EXEC mrinfo Request neighbor and version information from a multicast router -More-用户模式命令列表用户模式命令列表33ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#?Exec commands:access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-template Create a temporary Access-List entry bfe For manual emergency modes setting clear Reset functions clock Manage the system clock configure Enter configuration mode connect Open a terminal connection copy Copy configuration or image data debug Debugging functions(see also undebug)disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands erase Erase flash or configuration memory exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lat Open a lat connection lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user logout Exit from the EXEC mbranch Trace multicast route down tree branch -More-特权模式命令列表特权模式命令列表34ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#clokTranslating clo.domain server(255.255.255.255)%Unknown command or computer name,or unable to find computer address上下文帮助上下文帮助35ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#clokTranslating clo.domain server(255.255.255.255)%Unknown command or computer name,or unable to find computer addressRouter#cl?clear clock上下文帮助上下文帮助36ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#clokTranslating clo.domain server(255.255.255.255)%Unknown command or computer name,or unable to find computer addressRouter#cl?clear clockRouter#clock%Incomplete command.上下文帮助上下文帮助37ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#clokTranslating clo.domain server(255.255.255.255)%Unknown command or computer name,or unable to find computer addressRouter#cl?clear clockRouter#clock%Incomplete command.Router#clock?set Set the time and date上下文帮助上下文帮助38ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#clokTranslating clo.domain server(255.255.255.255)%Unknown command or computer name,or unable to find computer addressRouter#cl?clear clockRouter#clock%Incomplete command.Router#clock?set Set the time and dateRouter#clock set%Incomplete command.上下文帮助上下文帮助39ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#clokTranslating clo.domain server(255.255.255.255)%Unknown command or computer name,or unable to find computer addressRouter#cl?clear clockRouter#clock%Incomplete command.Router#clock?set Set the time and dateRouter#clock set%Incomplete command.Router#clock set?Current Time (hh:mm:ss)上下文帮助上下文帮助40ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#clokTranslating clo.domain server(255.255.255.255)%Unknown command or computer name,or unable to find computer addressRouter#cl?clear clockRouter#clock%Incomplete command.Router#clock?set Set the time and dateRouter#clock set%Incomplete command.Router#clock set?Current Time (hh:mm:ss)Router#clock set 19:56:00%Incomplete command.Router#clock set 19:56:00?Day of the monthMONTH Month of the yearRouter#clock set 19:56:00 04 8.%Invalid input detected at the markerRouter#clock set 19:56:00 04 August%Incomplete command.Router#clock set 19:56:00 04 August?Year上下文帮助上下文帮助41ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#clokTranslating clo.domain server(255.255.255.255)%Unknown command or computer name,or unable to find computer addressRouter#cl?clear clockRouter#clock%Incomplete command.Router#clock?set Set the time and dateRouter#clock set%Incomplete command.Router#clock set?Current Time (hh:mm:ss)Router#clock set 19:56:00%Incomplete command.Router#clock set 19:56:00?Day of the monthMONTH Month of the yearRouter#clock set 19:56:00 04 8.%Invalid input detected at the markerRouter#clock set 19:56:00 04 August%Incomplete command.Router#clock set 19:56:00 04 August?Year符号翻译符号翻译 关键字补足关键字补足上次命令回忆上次命令回忆 命令提示命令提示语法检查语法检查上下文帮助上下文帮助42ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RouterShape the future of internetworking by creating unprecedUsing Enhanced Editing Commands43ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router$future of internetworking by creating unprecedented opAutomatic scrolling of long lines.Using Enhanced Editing Commands44ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RouterShape the value of internetworking by creating unprecedAutomatic scrolling of long lines.Move to the beginning of the command line.使用增强编辑命令使用增强编辑命令45ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router$value for customers,employees,and partners.Automatic scrolling of long lines.Move to the beginning of the command line.Move to the end of the command line.使用增强编辑命令使用增强编辑命令46ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router$value for customers,employees,and partners.Automatic scrolling of long lines.Move to the beginning of the command line.Move to the end of the command line.Move to the beginning of the previous word.使用增强编辑命令使用增强编辑命令47ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router$value for customers,employees,and partners.Automatic scrolling of long lines.Move to the beginning of the command line.Move to the end of the command line.Move to the beginning of the previous word.Move forward one character.使用增强编辑命令使用增强编辑命令48ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router$value for customers,employees,and partners.Automatic scrolling of long lines.Move to the beginning of the command line.Move to the end of the command line.Move to the beginning of the previous word.Move forward one character.Move back one character.使用增强编辑命令使用增强编辑命令49ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router$value for customers,employees,and partners.Automatic scrolling of long lines.Move to the beginning of the command line.Move to the end of the command line.Move to the beginning of the previous word.Move forward one character.Move back one character.Move forward one word.使用增强编辑命令使用增强编辑命令50ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.or Up arrow Last(previous)command recall or Down arrow More recent command recall Entry completion查看过去的命令查看过去的命令Router#show history show history enable terminal history size 10 terminal no editing terminal editing show historyRouter#Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.ICRC_revision_11.3检查路由器的状态检查路由器的状态52ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.路由器状态命令路由器状态命令RAMInternetwork Operating SystemProgramsTables and BuffersDynamicConfigurationInformationNVRAMFlashBackupBackupConfigurationConfigurationFileFileOperating Operating SystemsSystemsI In nt te er rf fa ac ce es sRouter#show version53ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMInternetwork Operating SystemProgramsTables and BuffersDynamicConfigurationInformationNVRAMFlashBackupBackupConfigurationConfigurationFileFileOperating Operating SystemsSystemsI In nt te er rf fa ac ce es sRouter#show versionRouter#show processes CPURouter#show protocols路由器状态命令路由器状态命令54ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMInternetwork Operating SystemProgramsTables and BuffersDynamicConfigurationInformationNVRAMFlashBackupBackupConfigurationConfigurationFileFileOperating Operating SystemsSystemsI In nt te er rf fa ac ce es sRouter#show versionRouter#show processes CPURouter#show protocolsRouter#show memRouter#show ip route路由器状态命令路由器状态命令55ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMInternetwork Operating SystemProgramsTables and BuffersDynamicConfigurationInformationNVRAMFlashBackupBackupConfigurationConfigurationFileFileOperating Operating SystemsSystemsI In nt te er rf fa ac ce es sRouter#show versionRouter#show processes CPURouter#show protocolsRouter#show flashRouter#show memRouter#show ip route路由器状态命令路由器状态命令56ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMInternetwork Operating SystemProgramsTables and BuffersDynamicConfigurationInformationNVRAMFlashBackupBackupConfigurationConfigurationFileFileOperating Operating SystemsSystemsI In nt te er rf fa ac ce es sRouter#show versionRouter#show running-configRouter#show processes CPURouter#show protocolsRouter#show flashRouter#show memRouter#show ip route路由器状态命令路由器状态命令57ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMInternetwork Operating SystemProgramsTables and BuffersDynamicConfigurationInformationNVRAMFlashBackupBackupConfigurationConfigurationFileFileOperating Operating SystemsSystemsI In nt te er rf fa ac ce es sRouter#show startup-configRouter#show running-configRouter#show processes CPURouter#show protocolsRouter#show flashRouter#show memRouter#show ip routeRouter#show version路由器状态命令路由器状态命令58ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.RAMInternetwork Operating SystemProgramsTables and BuffersDynamicConfigurationInformationNVRAMFlashBackupBackupConfigurationConfigurationFileFileOperating Operating SystemsSystemsI In nt te er rf fa ac ce es sRouter#show interfacesRouter#show memRouter#show ip routeRouter#show flashRouter#show startup-configRouter#show running-configRouter#show processes CPURouter#show protocolsRouter#show version路由器状态命令路由器状态命令59ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#show versionIOS(tm)2500 Software(C2500-JS-L),Version 11.2(6),RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)Copyright(c)1986-1997 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Tue 06-May-97 16:17 by kuongImage text-base:0 x0303ED8C,data-base:0 x00001000ROM:System Bootstrap,Version 5.2(8a),RELEASE SOFTWAREROM:2500-XBOOT Bootstrap Software,Version 10.1(1),RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)router uptime is 1 week,3 days,32 minutesSystem restarted by reloadSystem image c2500-js-l,booted via t 171.69.1.129-More-show version Command60ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#show startup-configUsing 1108 out of 130048 bytes!version 11.2!hostname router-More-show startup-config Command and show running-config CommandUse write terminal with Release 10.2 and earlierUse show config with Release 10.2 and earlierRouter#show running-configBuilding configuration.Current configuration:!version 11.2!-More-61ICRC_revision_11.3Copyright?1998,Cisco Systems,Inc.Router#show interfaces Serial0 is up,line protocol is up Hardware is MK5025 Internet address is 183.8.64.129,subnet mask is 255.255.255.128 MTU 1500 bytes,BW 56 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 9/255 Encapsulation HDLC,loopback not set,keepalive set(10 sec)Last input 0:00:00,output 0:00:01,output hang never Last clearing of show interface counters never Output queue 0/40,0 drops;input queue 0/75,0 drops Five minute input rate 1000 bits/sec,0 packets/sec Five minute output rate 2000 bits/sec,0 packets/sec 331885 packets input,62400237 bytes,0 no buffer Received 230457 broadcasts,0 runts,0 giants 3 input errors,3 CRC,0 frame,0 overrun,0 ignored,0 abort 403591 packets output,66717279 bytes,0 underruns 0 output errors,0 collisions,8 interface resets,0 restarts 45 carrier transitionsshow interfaces Command写在最后写在最后成功的基成功的基础在于好的学在于好的学习习惯The foundation of success lies in good habits62谢谢大家荣幸这一路，与你同行ItS An Honor To Walk With You All The Way讲师：XXXXXX XX年XX月XX日