专业硕士英语二攻略课件

专业硕士英士英语二攻略二攻略英语（二）攻略英语知识运用语义衔接题：词汇复现，上下文语境提示逻辑衔接题：搞清逻辑关系转折，递进，比较，因果，顺承，例证，并列词义辨析题：词语意义和用法固定搭配题：前后照应结构衔接题：关联词-平行、比较、倒装、从属解题思路1.语义理解：特别注意介词和连词2.注意把握篇章结构：总分模式擒贼先擒王：精读文章和段落的第一句和最后一句3.发挥非语言知识能力：联想，推理和判断4.通观全局，复校全文阅读理解(A节)主旨大意题：mainidea,mainlydiscuss,bestsummarize/maintopic,subject,themostappropriatetopic/mainpurpose,wanttodiscuss事实细节题:whatcauses/whydidtheauthormention/whichofthefollowingistrue?语义理解题：thewordmeans/indicates;by,theauthormeans观点态度题：opinion,tone,attitude,suggestion推理判断题：infer,conclude,imply,suggest一、主旨大意题1.能够与主题句呼应的选项：第一段的主题句是主题，最后一段的主题句是结论2.主旨型题目从前不从后：文章前后不一，以前面的为主旨，后面的为延伸3.注意选项的语域：既不能太笼统，也不能太具体。细节不是主题。4.避免选择有绝对词的选项：completely,all,entirely,absolutely,definitely5.注意意义相近的选项中词义的细微差别二、事实细节题列举处，比较处，因果关系处，转折处，引言处，首尾处注意专有名词，地名，时间和数字等。同义置换，归纳转换回头细读，找到出处三、语义理解题出题位置1.引号、破折号、冒号2.转折对比处:incontrast,ratherthan,asopposedto,whereas,although3.定义处：means,thatis,definedas,refersto4.英语成语，修辞，比喻语义理解题解题方略词汇的非常规意义，放回原文中考察语境上下文出现关键词汇的近义词或反义词含义深刻的选项四、观点态度题正确选项1.常带有程度限制:partially,partly2.带有保留态度，较为客观3.一定不要把自己作为读者的分析和态度强加于作者五、推理判断题出题处：出题处：结构复杂的句子前半句陈述，后半句打比方或反着说文章的开头结尾正确选项：正确选项：符合中心思想不是常识选项具有概括性常含有不肯定语气词和委婉语气词阅读理解(B节)解题步骤：1.快速诵读全文，了解文章大意2.仔细阅读题目，牢记题干中的关键词。3.再次阅读全文，有针对性地搜寻与关键词相关的信息，做标记4.反面证明，可寻找错误选项的定位信息英汉翻译了解英汉差异，掌握一定的翻译技巧理清句法结构，抓住主干，认清修饰关系贴近汉语习惯，不拘泥于英语句型结构和词汇顺序，不求字字对应不能过度改译，忠实原文。信，达，雅注意长句和从句的翻译四步翻译法四步翻译法（1）通读全文，把握大意（2）切分句子，划分意群（3）选择词意，贴切表达（4）适当调整，书写译文考察重点定语：从句的前置和后置不定式和分词具有动作性，常直接放在中心词之后的字结构，前置修饰中心词状语：汉语中，原因、时间和条件状语从句放在主句之前被动语态：科普类议论文最多。一般采用主宾颠倒或补上主语的方法，翻译成主动句长句猜意拆分与组合：拆出主干，分清层次拆分与组合：拆出主干，分清层次六个拆分点六个拆分点：1.连词；2.引导词；3.介词；4.分词；5.to；6.标点7.不需要断开的地方：单个的单词不拆分出来。拆分的法则：拆分的法则：语法；组合的法则：汉语习惯。Topicscoveredsince1995Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicaltests(1995)Reasonsforthegrowthofscientificresearch(1996)Therightsofanimals(1997)Originoftheuniverse(1998)Historicalstudies(1999)Governmentandeconomy(2000)Futurology(2001)Behavioralscience(2002)Anthropology(2003)Relationoflanguageandmind(2004)Theroleofthemassmedia(2005)TheAmericanintellectual(2006)Lawandjournalism(2007)Darwin(2008)Variouskindsofeducation(2009)Sustainability(2010)写作之应用文首先把握信息点，在题目中标记出来。注意格式和语言。字数要求是100个词，大概有8句话。第一段只有一句话，交代信件的基本内容。最后一句话表达礼貌和祝福。DearBob,Ivejustcomebackhomeandwhenunpackingmyluggage,quitetomysurprise,IfoundthemusicCDyoulentmeamonthago.Awfullysorryforforgettingtoreturnittoyouintime.IsitallrightformetosendthisCDbacktoyoubyExpressMailService?Probablyitwillreachwithinaweek.AndaCDofChinesefolkmusicisenclosedasasouvenir.YouknowIalwaysappreciatesomuchthekindnessandgenerosityyouverenderedmeduringmystayinCanada.AgainpleaseexcusemeforthislongdelayinreturningtheCDandhopeyoullhaveagoodtimeinChinesefolkmusic.Yourssincerely,LiMing各种信件之内容1.邀请信：邀请目的-活动安排-期待回复或征求意见2.祝贺信：祝贺事由-进行详述-再次祝贺或祝愿3.道歉信：表示歉意-说明原因-补救方法或承担损失-再次致歉或期待理解4.感谢信：表达感谢-说明原因，对方给与的具体帮助-内心感受或所受益处-在此致谢，渴望回报5.申请信：写信目的，申请内容-申请原因，个人概况-盼望回复，表示谢意6.推荐信：说明推荐原因，被推荐人姓名具体介绍此人情况重申此人能胜任工作或学业要求7.证明信：有何资格作出证明，与被证明人或被证明公司的关系及交往时间介绍其能力或可靠性8.求职信：申请何种职位，信息来源-个人信息表达抱负，请求面试-联系方式9.投诉信：写信缘由，说明投诉的对象、问题概述投诉理由，具体情况弥补措施-联系方式，设定期限10：询问信：写信目的和自我介绍具体询问事项表示感谢，期待回复11.建议信：写信缘由阐述个人观点，提出具体建议希望可供参考12.介绍信：被介绍人姓名及与其关系介绍的缘由被介绍人情况或个性品质感谢或问候备忘录1.收发信息：收文人发文人日期事由2.说明具体情况，安排或意见、建议3.重申主题，表示意愿或感谢MEMORANDUM空一行To:From:Date:Subject:空两行四个字母TheuniversityApartmentsOfficewouldliketoofferswimminglessonsthissummer.Ifenoughinterestisshown,swimminglessonswillbeofferedagainduringthefallsemester.空一行四个字母Therewillbea$10.00registrationfee.顶格，中间无空行摘要第一句话为全文主题句，或总结文章大意，或阐明作者立场。找出各段落的主题句，逐一翻译。加上灵活的连接词，加强语义衔接检查翻译的文本，转换词语，贴近汉语表达习惯，不拘泥于英文的句型结构。常用句型Thisarticleholdsanoptimistic(pessimistic)viewonglobaleconomyanddiscussesfivesignsofeconomicrecovery.Firstly,secondly,.Discussedinthisarticleistherelationshipbetweenand,andtheauthorapproachesthesubjectfromthefollowingperspectives:Essay写作出现提纲式或图表式作文的概率要比英语（一）大一些。关税，贫困人口，学历概况，城乡差别，吸收外资，跳槽现象，机遇，面试，投资，盗版，珍惜资源，人才外流，极端天气，企业诚信，自然灾害Itisaveryeye-catchingphotoinwhich.Whatmakesthispictureextraordinaryis,whichclearlyindicates.Thesenseofthatpermeatesthispictureisrepresentativeof,thatis,andtherefore,.China,inparticular,.Theeffectofsuchcommunicationcanbebestexemplifiedby.Whilepeoplebelongtonations,culturesknownoboundary.isnotonlyfeaturedby,butmoreimportantly,by.Ifirmlybelievethatiscontributing,andwillcontributemoretotheworldspeace,development,andprosperity.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthispictureaimsatrevealingacurrentproblem:.Inthisdrawing,.Even.Itseemstomethattheartistissendingamessageabouttheimportanceof.Thoughthedrawingisalittleexaggerating,itisnotrareforustofindin.Ifweletthissituationofcontinues,itnotonlyharms,butalsoprevents.Accordingly,weurgentlycallfor.Thoughthegovernmenthasalreadytakenpainstoimplementregulations,itstillfail三to.Inmyopinion,thisproblemshouldbeurgentlysolvedsoastoprotectbenefits.Iexpectthegovernmentwillputforwardmoreeffectivepropositionsassoonaspossible.第一段起始部分现象/现状说明图画/图表描述第二段拓展部分观点陈述利弊说明意义阐释（概念、图画、图表）原因列举举例/数据论证第三段结论部分归纳结论预测趋势建议措施图画描述picture,cartoon,photoBasically,whatweseeinthispictureisThesetofdrawingsabovevividlydepictsAsisshownisthepicture图表描述chart,graph,tableAccordingtothefiguresgiveninthetable,ThechartshowsstatisticsrelatingtoWhatisshowninthetableaboveindicatethatdramaticchangeshavetakenplacein观点陈述Themajorityofpeoplewouldagreethat.Wemayapproachtheproblemfromtwoperspectivesasfollowing:利弊说明Ourattentionshouldnotbejustattractedbytheobviousadvantagesoftheproject,andwecouldntaffordtooverlookthepossibledisadvantages.Thissoundsconvincingenough,butitmustbepointedoutthat.alsohasitsinherentdrawbacks.Firstandforemost,inaddition,furthermore,moreover,意义阐释Tobeginwith,thepurposeofthedrawingsistoshowWecandeducefromthispicturethatthedraweristryingtoattractourattentiontothephenomenonThestatisticsalsotellusthat原因列举Severalfactorsaccountforthesechanges:Therearetwomajorargumentsthatcanbemadefor.Icannamethreereasonsformyprediction:Andweshouldntforget.Thelastbutnottheleast举例/数据论证Asanexampleof,weshouldrememberForinstance,forexample,tociteanexampleThefollowingfiguresmightinsomesupportmyanalysis:归纳结论InconclusionToconcludeInsummaryTosummarizeHavingconsideredbothsidesoftheargument,Ihavecometotheconclusionthat预测趋势Therefore,Ibelieve.Fromtheanalysesmadeabove,wemaysafelyreachaconclusionthat建议措施Therefore,itisimperativeforustotakedrasticmeasures.Foronething.ForanotherAccordingly,itisvitalforustoThesimplepictureisawake-upcallforthewholeofthehumanrace.WemusttakepositivestepsrightnowtoIsuggestthefollowingstepsIfirmlybelievethatahappyandprosperousfutureisawaitingusifwemakeeveryeffortto谢谢大家！