宾语从句练习题ppt课件

The Objective clause 宾语从句The Objective clauseHow much d1主句主句连接词连接词从句从句He asked me where I had put his book.连接词连接词从句从句主句主句e.g.I think you should study hard.构成：主句构成：主句 +连接词连接词 +从句从句定义定义：在句子中用作在句子中用作宾语宾语(在谓语动词之后在谓语动词之后)的从的从 句叫句叫宾语宾语 从句从句。(that)第一、什么叫宾语从句？主句连接词从句He asked m2第二、宾语从句三要素：第二、宾语从句三要素：连连 接接 词词时时 态态语语 序序第二、宾语从句三要素：连 接 词时 3他叫什么名字？他叫什么名字？他怎么去上学？他怎么去上学？Whats his name?How does he go to school?I am not sure _ _what his name is.how he goes to school.从句用从句用陈述句陈述句语序语序(主语主语+谓语谓语)（一）、宾语从句语序他叫什么名字？Whats his na41.当从句为陈述句时，连接词用当从句为陈述句时，连接词用thatthat。thatthat在句中在句中无无意义意义,在口语中可省略在口语中可省略.e.g.The earth goes around the sun.I know He will be back in an hour.I think看从句的的类型看从句的的类型I know that the earth goes around the sun.I think that he will be back in an hour.（二）、宾语从句的连接词1.当从句为陈述句时，连接词用t52.当从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用当从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用if或或whether。e.g.Is Alice 15 years old?I wonder看从句的的类型看从句的的类型I wonder if/whether Alice is 15 years old.More practice:I want to know:他明天是否回来。他明天是否回来。你是否喜欢可乐。你是否喜欢可乐。2.当从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用if或whether。63.当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用特殊疑问词特殊疑问词。e.g.How old is Alice?I want to know How often do you go to the library?看从句的的类型看从句的的类型I want to know how old Alice is.Could you tell me _.3.当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用特殊疑问词。e.g.H7 从句句式从句句式 连接词连接词 陈述句陈述句that(无词汇意义无词汇意义)一般疑问句一般疑问句if,whether(是否是否)特殊疑问特殊疑问特殊疑问词特殊疑问词祈使句祈使句肯定句肯定句否定句否定句ask/tell+sb.+to+v.ask/tell/+sb.+not to+v.从句句式 连接词 8宾语从句是祈使句时：宾语从句是祈使句时：vThe teacher said,“Keep silent.”v The teacher()the students()()silent.vMum said,“Dont play football on the street,boys.”vMum told them _ _on the street.宾语从句是祈使句时：9（三）、宾语从句的时态（三）、宾语从句的时态你昨天什么时候起床的？你昨天什么时候起床的？你每天几点到校？你每天几点到校？你明天几点出发？你明天几点出发？When did you get up yesterday?When do you get to school every day?When will you start tomorrow?I wonderI wonder when you got up yesterday.I wonder when you get to school every day.I wonder when you will start tomorrow.主现从不限主现从不限I wonder 他是否去过北京。他是否去过北京。if he has been to Beijing.（三）、宾语从句的时态你昨天什么时候起床的？When did10What is your favourite activity?What is he doing?My father will go to Beijing next week.He has finished his homework.I knowI knew what your favourite activity was.what he was doing.主过从四过主过从四过my father would go to Beijing next week.he had finished his homework.（三）、宾语从句的时态（三）、宾语从句的时态What is your favourite activit11The earth is bigger than the moon.My mother told me(合并句子合并句子)My mother told me _that the earth is bigger than the moon.注意注意:当从句叙述的内容为当从句叙述的内容为客观真理客观真理时，仍然用时，仍然用一般现在时一般现在时。e.g.Our teacher said the moon moves around the sun.The earth is bigger than the m12 主句时态主句时态 从句时态从句时态 连接前连接前 连接后连接后 现在时现在时(一般现在时一般现在时,现在进行时现在进行时,现现在完成时在完成时),一般将来时一般将来时,Could you,Would you please.保持不变保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时 当从句叙述的内容为当从句叙述的内容为客观真理客观真理时，仍然用时，仍然用一般现在时一般现在时。e.g.The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.注注:主句时态 从句时态 连131.“Where is the nearest bank?”Could you tell me?2.Could you tell me where _.3.2.“I have given up smoking,”said my brother.4.My brother said that he _.5.3.“Are you going to learn swim?”asked Tom.6.Tom asked me if/whether I_.7.4.“What will we do next?”we havent decided.8.We havent decided what we_.9.5.“What did you say?”I didnt hear.10.I didnt hear what you_.the nearest bank ishad given up smokingwas going to learn to swimwill do nexthad saidExercise:疑问句中，疑问句中，could，would表婉转的语气，表婉转的语气，不表示过去时。不表示过去时。“Where is the nearest bank?”C14将下列句子合并为一将下列句子合并为一:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.I asked _ on the way.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?Could you tell me _at the meeting?3.Do they like to play football?Tom asked.Tom asked_ to play football.4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.He said _his homework.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.Tom said_ back.6.She asked me:“Whats wrong with you?”She asked me_with me.where they stoppedwhat you will speakif/whether they liked(that)he was doing(that)he would comewhat was wrong注注:whats wrong with sb.及及 whats the matter with sb.,语序不变语序不变.将下列句子合并为一:where they stoppedwh157.“Dont play in the streets,”the teacher said to the boy.8.“When and where will the concert be held?”I wondered.9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Will they go to Beijing?”They havent decided.11.“When should we start?”Do you know?The teacher told the boy not to play in the streets.I wondered when and where the concert would be held.Would you tell me why the train is late?Do you know when we should start?Do you know when to start?疑问词疑问词+主语主语+谓语谓语疑问词疑问词+to+v.(不定式不定式)作为宾语作为宾语,成为简单句成为简单句.They havent decided if/whether they will go to Beijing.7.“Dont play in the streets,161.He hasnt decided which seat he should take.2.He hasnt decided_.3.2.I really dont know where I can find my lost key.4.3.Can the computer tell us what we should do next?5.4.Can you tell me when to start?6.Can you tell me _?7.5.I cant decide which one to choose.which seat to takeI really dont know where to find my lost key.Can the computer tell us what to do next?when we will startI cant decide which one I should choose.宾语从句宾语从句疑问词疑问词+to doHe hasnt decided which seat h171.确定连接词确定连接词(根据从句的句式根据从句的句式)2.确定从句语序确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句把从句变成陈述句,即即主谓主谓顺序顺序)3.确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)（四）总结：如何改写宾语从句（四）总结：如何改写宾语从句确定连接词(根据从句的句式)2.确定从句语序(把从句变成18第三、宾语从句特殊情况（一）连词（一）连词that不能省略的几种情况不能省略的几种情况;1.从句的主语是从句的主语是that。如：。如：He says that that is a real kings hat.2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：从句中含有主从复合句。如：Im afraid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：主、从句之间有插入语时。如：It says here,on this card,that it was used in plays.卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。4.若出现两个或两上以上的由若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：可以省略。如：She said(that)she would come and that she would also bring her son.第三、宾语从句特殊情况（一）连词that不能省略的几种情况;19（二）、（二）、If 和和whether 用法区别用法区别注：注：if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，一讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语常用于口语中，中，whether比较正式。比较正式。但二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：但二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如：Whether this is true or not,I cant say.这是否对，我不能说。这是否对，我不能说。2.宾语从句与宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如：I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow.（二）、If 和whether 用法区别注：if和wheth203.与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：。如：She cant decide whether to go to America.4.从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：。如：I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：215.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如：Tom wants to know if he wont come here tomorrow.6.if意为意为“假如，如果假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状时，可以引导条件状语从句，而语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：没有这个用法。如：If Simon comes here tomorrow,Ill call you.5.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用wh22第四、宾语从句的第四、宾语从句的否定转移否定转移：v如果主句的谓语动词是如果主句的谓语动词是 think,believe,guess,suppose 等，而且主句的主语又等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的动词，而从句用肯定形式的动词，而从句用肯定形式v即：即：主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。在从句。v此外，这类宾语从句的反意疑问句也比较此外，这类宾语从句的反意疑问句也比较特殊，请同学们自己总结。特殊，请同学们自己总结。第四、宾语从句的否定转移：23 Translate the following sentences.1.我认为不会下雨我认为不会下雨 I _ that it _.2.我认为你的答案不对我认为你的答案不对.I _your answer right.我们相信他还没走我们相信他还没走.We _ that he _.Translate the following sente24第五、宾语从句转化为简单句第五、宾语从句转化为简单句1.由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，若主句和从句主语一致可由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，若主句和从句主语一致可以转化成以转化成“特殊疑问句特殊疑问句+to do”.如如(请总结常见这一句型中请总结常见这一句型中的动词的动词)I dont know how I can learn English well._He wonder when he should attend the meeting._第五、宾语从句转化为简单句1.由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，若25 2.当主句谓语动词是当主句谓语动词是hope,decide,wish,choose,agree等词时，宾等词时，宾语从句主从句主语一致，宾语从句可简化为语从句主从句主语一致，宾语从句可简化为V.+to do的结构。如：的结构。如：Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him._3.当主句的谓语动词是当主句的谓语动词是tell,order（命令）等时，如果主句（命令）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为 v.+sb.to do的的结构。例如：结构。例如：The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.The headmaster ordered us to start at once.My mother told me that I couldnt go out._ 2.当主句谓语动词是hope,decide,wis26v4.动词动词see,hear,find等词后面的宾语从句可转化为等词后面的宾语从句可转化为“v+sb.doing的结构。例如：的结构。例如：vLiu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.Liu Ping found a vwallet lying on the ground.vI heard that a bird was singing in the tree._v5.动词动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化语）来简化.v It seems that he is unhappy.He seems to be unhappy.v It seemed that the boys were going to win.The boys seemed to win.4.动词see,hear,find等词后面的宾语从句可转27v6.动词动词find后的宾语从句，也可以转化为简后的宾语从句，也可以转化为简单句单句v I found that it was difficult to learn English well._v They found that the box was very heavy._6.动词find后的宾语从句，也可以转化为简单句28