初中_被动语态_

Passive Voice被动语态英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动主动语态和语态和被动被动语态。语态。1.1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2 2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态被动语态结构：结构：be+过去分词过去分词(PP)+(by)在改写中应注意：在改写中应注意：1.把把原原来的来的宾语宾语提到前面作被动语态的提到前面作被动语态的主语主语;2.把把动词动词变成变成“be+过去分词过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主动语态中的主语主语变为介词变为介词by的的宾语宾语。表格：被动态基本结构时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时am/is/are donewas/were doneam/is/are being donewas/were being done(shall/will/be going to)be donewould be donehave/has been donehad been done情态动词的被动语态情态动词+be+donemust be done/mustnt be doneshould be done/shouldnt be donecan be done/cant be donemay be done/might be doneSome people attacked the towers.S V O The towers were attacked S V by some people.Oral practice-主动句改被动句 Oral practice-1.Change each sentence into passive voice:1)A car knocked him down yesterday.2)These two kids plant trees every year3)3)We should protect the earth4)4)Well put on the play next SundayHe was knocked down by a car yesterdayTrees are planted by these two kids every year.The earth should be protected by us.The play will be put on next Sunday.几种特殊结构几种特殊结构1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday2.We often hear him play the guitarI was given a gift on my birthdayA gift was given to me on my birthday.He is often heard to play the guitar注意：注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listen to,look at等动词等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带但改成被动语态后必须带to。Be seen to do,be made to do,be heard to do,be watched to do We should take care of the old people.The old people should be taken care of.1。动词。动词(表示主语的属性特征表示主语的属性特征)+副词副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被用主动式表被动义。动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The books _ well A.were sold B.sell C.have sold D.are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washedBC主动式表被动义主动式表被动义2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主且和句子的主语语(或宾语或宾语)构成动宾关系时构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。用主动式表被动义。difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,The fish is not fit _(eat)We find English is hard _(learn)The article is difficult _(understand).to eatto learnto understand3.不定式作后置定语不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系宾关系,又和该句主语又和该句主语(或宾语或宾语)构成主谓关系时构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。用主动式表被动义。I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _(read)to doto read表示状态特征的表示状态特征的连系动词连系动词+adj./n.,用用主动式表被动义主动式表被动义。4表示状态特征的表示状态特征的连系动词连系动词+adj./n.,用用主动式表主动式表被动义被动义。(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,.)The steel feels cold5 表示表示“开始、结束、运动开始、结束、运动”的动词的动词用主动式表用主动式表被动义。被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,.)The shop opens at 6 am.every day表示主语的表示主语的属性特征的动词属性特征的动词+副词副词well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主用主动式表被动义动式表被动义6.作作“需要需要”讲的讲的want/need/require后后接接动名词作宾语时，用动名词作宾语时，用主动式主动式表被动义；表被动义；当然也可接当然也可接不定式的被动式不定式的被动式作宾语作宾语。Your jacket needs washing/to be washedQuiz 1 Quiz 11.The steel _ cold A.is felt B.was feeling C.feels D.is being felt2.His plan _ good A.has sounded B.is sounding C.is sounded D.soundsCDQuiz 2Quiz 2The shop _ at 6 am.every day A.opens B.opened C.is opened D.is openingWork _ at 7 pm.today A.ends B.ended C.was ended D.had endedABThe pen _ smoothly A.was wrote B.writes C.has writing D.is writtenThis coat _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washedQuiz 3BCYour jacket needs _(wash)The house requires _(repair)Quiz 4washingrepairingThe fish is not fit _(eat)We find English difficult _(learn)Quiz 5to eatto learnI have much homework _(do)Ill give the boy some books _(read)Quiz 6to doto readCorrecting mistake2.Correct the mistake(s)in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to university3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?was sentwill lastwere hurt4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now built will be a hospitalhad been damagedis now being builtbroke out7)Class is begun at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washedbeginssoundsto be washed/washing 1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next weekAare to be held B.is to be heldC.are holdingDwill holdMultiple choice B2.Im sorry,sirYour recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factoryA.is being repairedB.is repairedC.has been repairedD.hasnt been repairedA3Every possible means _,but none _ successfulA.has tried;has provedBtried;provesC.has been tried;provesD.is being tried;is provedC4The question he asked is hard _ A.for answer B.to answer Cto be answered D.answeringB5In warm weather,fruit and meat _ longA.cannot be keptB.dont keepC.mustnt keepD.is not keptA6He received a telegram _:“Mother ill”Awritten B.reading C.said D.writing B7.-Did you hand him the letter yesterday?-No,I _ to himA.brought itB.took itC.had it sentD.carried it C8Alice had a dress _ last weekAmadeB.makeC.to be madeD.to makeA9The teacher couldnt make him _ attention to because the students were so noisy.A.payB.paidC.to payD.to be paidB10.-When will the lecture begin?-When the students _ Ahave sat Bsat down Cwill sit Dare seatedD