定语从句复习课件

主要考查的知识点主要考查的知识点引导定语从句的的关系代词、关系副词引导定语从句的的关系代词、关系副词限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句定语从句和名词性从句等的区别定语从句和名词性从句等的区别关系代词在介词后的使用关系代词在介词后的使用关系词关系词附属文件关系词.ppt先行词先行词附属文件先行词.ppt位置位置附属文件位置.ppt功能功能附属文件功能.ppt定语从句定语从句概要概要确定关系词的步骤确定关系词的步骤（1）先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。）先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。（2）看先行词在从句中所充当的成分。看先行词在从句中所充当的成分。指出先行词（即关系词）在定语从句中的成份，并填入适当的关系词：I think a good teacher is _ is easy going and treats his students as friends.Beijing is the _ has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.His parents wouldnt let him marry _ family was poor.I will never forget the _ I first went to school.Kunming is a beautiful _ flowers are seen all the year round.I dont know the _ many students like Zhou Jielun.that/whowhichwhosewhenwherewhysomeone主语主语 city主语主语anyone定定语语dayon that day状语状语city状语状语in the cityreasonfor this reason状语状语考点一：关系代词的使用考点一：关系代词的使用Is there anything that I can do for you?Notes:先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing，或受其修饰时，要用that.This was one of the most interesting books that were sold in this book store.Notes:当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，要用that.定语从句中，先行词指物，定语从句中，先行词指物，that和和which的区别：的区别：Thats the only thing that we can do now.Notes:先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。They were talking about the persons and things that they saw in the factory.Notes:先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。Which is the car that was made in Beijing?Notes:当要避免与疑问词which重复时，用that.Football,which is an interesting game,is played all over the world.Notes:引导引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句时，用时，用which Language is the most important tool without which people cant communicate with each other.Notes:直接放在直接放在介词后做宾语时介词后做宾语时，用，用which小结：小结：关系词宜用关系词宜用that而不用而不用which的情况：的情况：（1）先行词被）先行词被形容词最高级形容词最高级 序数词序数词 数词数词 几种词修饰或被几种词修饰或被 only、any、few、no、little、all、one of等修饰时。等修饰时。（2）先行词为）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。等不定代词时。（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。）先行词中既有人又有物时。（4）先行词在主句中作表语，关系词在从句中作）先行词在主句中作表语，关系词在从句中作 表语时。表语时。（5）当主句中含有疑问词）当主句中含有疑问词which时。时。宜用宜用which而不用而不用that的情况的情况（1）在非限制性定语从句中）在非限制性定语从句中（2）在关系词前有介词时）在关系词前有介词时（3）当先行词本身是）当先行词本身是that时时（4）当关系词离先行词较远时）当关系词离先行词较远时关系词关系词who与与that指人时，也有不指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词同情况分别用不同的关系词（1）当主句是）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用句型时，关系词用who。（2）先行词是为）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用等词时，关系词用who。（3）当主句是）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用作疑问词时，关系词用that。Who is that girl that is standing by the window?（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代取代。whose作关系词既指人又指物，作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。如：在从句中作定语。如：Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving?There is a room,whose window faces the river.There is a room,the window of which faces the river.关系代词关系代词as在从句中作主语、宾语和表语在从句中作主语、宾语和表语1）先行词被）先行词被such和和the same修饰，或句型修饰，或句型as many（much）as 中中.Such books as you bought are useful.The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago.注意：区别：注意：区别：such that 引导的结果状语从句。引导的结果状语从句。They are such lovely children that we love them.the same that 引导定语从句。引导定语从句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.2）引导无先行词的定语从句）引导无先行词的定语从句意义上：意义上：as 含有含有“这点正如这点正如一样一样”。位置上：位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。从句可置句首，也可在另处。He didnt pass the exam,as we had expected.As is known,the earth is round,not flat.考点二:关系副词的运用1.I will remember the day_ I left my hometown for ever.2.I often think of the days _I spent in Shanghai last summer.3.This is the place _he works.4.This is the place _we visited last month.5.I know the reason _she studies so well.6.This is the reason _he gave to the teacher for being late this morning.whenthatwherethatwhythat使用关系副词必要的两个条件：先行词表时间、地点、原因 现行词在从句中充当状语先行词虽然表时间、地点、原因，但在定语从句中不充当时间状语、地点状语、原因状语，而做句子的主语或宾语，则使用关系代词that/which引导。关系副词关系副词when与与where、why、thatwhen 指时间指时间=in/at/on/during whichwhere指地点指地点=in/at/from/whichwhy指原因指原因=for which当先行词为当先行词为way、time时，可用时，可用that作关系作关系副词。（非正式场合）副词。（非正式场合）I dont like the way that/in which/he talks.当当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.考点三：介词+关系代词The sun gives us heat and light,we _cant live.Notes:介词介词+which:+which:先行词指先行词指物物，在定语从，在定语从句中充当介词宾语，介词提到关系代词前。句中充当介词宾语，介词提到关系代词前。Notes:介词介词+whom:+whom:先行词指先行词指人人，在定语从句，在定语从句中充当介词宾语，介词提到关系代词中充当介词宾语，介词提到关系代词前。前。e.g.:The students _Ms Zhang is giving lessons are lovely and active.Without which to whom*关系代词前的介词如何确定关系代词前的介词如何确定 nMr.Smith bought a new house_ which he spent all his money.nNotes:依据从句中动词的习惯搭配。nNotes:依据先行词的习惯搭配。n1949 was the year _ the P.R.C.was founded.onIn which*关系代词前的介词如何确定关系代词前的介词如何确定nNotes:依据所表达的意思确定。ne.g.:The gas _which we can not live is called oxygen.nNotes:非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分，可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构。ne.g.:There are 50 students in our class,two-thirds _whom have been to Beijing.without of注意：Is this the book which/that you are looking for?（）Is this the book for which you are looking?（）遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。(该句中介词for一般不提前，因为look for是固定词组，意为“寻找”，介词for若被提前，单个的look意为“看”，句意不符。)TF1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,standsourteacher.7.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_istheYellowRiver.8.Thetowerpeoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.ThemanIspokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mosthadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhichunderwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhich介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习6.This is the comrade _I once worked in the factory.7.The pencil _she was writing.8.The big tree _the old are playing chess is about 30 years old.9.Would you tell us about the girl _you were writing a letter?10.The novel _you are interested was written by Mark Twain.with whomwith whichunder whichto whomin which定语从句必须注意的问题定语从句必须注意的问题l（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。l（2）定语从句与强调句型的区别）定语从句与强调句型的区别附属文件附属文件定语从句与强调句的区别定语从句与强调句的区别.pptl（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。附属文件附属文件定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句与同位语从句的区别.pptl（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。）关系词在从句中省略的情况。附属文件附属文件关系词在从句中的省略关系词在从句中的省略.pptl（5）限制性定语从句与非限定语从句的翻译。）限制性定语从句与非限定语从句的翻译。附属文件限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译.pptl（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是 which和和whom。l（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：）几个特殊的定语从句句型：附属文件附属文件几个特殊定语从句几个特殊定语从句.ppt