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GrammarGrammarModule4被动语态的被动语态的构成构成由助动词由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词构成。构成。助动词助动词be有有人称、数和时态的变化人称、数和时态的变化。动词形式动词形式时时 态态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时am/is/are+donewas/were+doneshall/willbe+doneam/is/arebeing+donewas/werebeing+donehas/havebeen+donehadbeen+done1.每天都有新的问题被处理。每天都有新的问题被处理。Newproblemsaredealtwitheveryday.2.明年将种许多树。明年将种许多树。Manytreeswillbeplantednextyear.3.计划将会执行。计划将会执行。Theplanwould/willbecarriedout.4.昨天下午这个问题在会上正在被讨论。昨天下午这个问题在会上正在被讨论。Thequestionwasbeingdiscussedatthemeetingyesterdayafternoon.5.我们赶到那的时候书已经卖完了。我们赶到那的时候书已经卖完了。Thebookshadbeensoldoutbeforewegotthere.1.一定要充分利用时间。一定要充分利用时间。Timemustbemadegood use of.2.那个计划就要被他们放弃了。那个计划就要被他们放弃了。Theplanwillbegiven upbythem.3.孩子将被很好地照顾。孩子将被很好地照顾。Thechildrenwillbe taken good care of.1.-Yourjob_openforyourreturn.-Thanks.2006北京卷北京卷A.willbekeptB.willkeepC.hadkeptD.hadbeenkept2.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_atthegarage.2006重庆卷重庆卷A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired4.Customersareaskedtomakesurethatthey_therightchangebeforeleavingtheshop.2006重庆卷重庆卷A.willgiveB.havebeengivenC.havegivenD.willbegiven5.Theconstructionofthetwonewrailwaylines_bynow.2006陕西卷陕西卷A.hadcompletedB.havecompletedC.havebeencompletedD.hasbeencompleted6.Thewater_coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.2006全国卷全国卷IA.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels主主动形式被形式被动意意义：表示主表示主语状状态、特征的、特征的连系系动词。如：如：look，feel，smell，sound等。等。8.Inaroomabovethestore,whereaparty_,someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable.(2006湖南卷湖南卷)A.wastobeheldB.hasbeenheldC.willbeheldD.isbeingheld9.Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou_thisjob?Well,Imthinkingaboutthesalary.(湖南湖南2008)A.offerB.willofferC.areofferedD.willbeoffered10.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey_manytimesontheradio.(安徽安徽2008)A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.havebeentaught11.Whatsthatnoise?Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine_.(浙江浙江2008)A.wastested B.willbetestedC.isbeingtestedD.hasbeentested12.Theflowersweresolovelythatthey_innotime.(2007全国卷全国卷I)A.soldB.hadbeensoldC.weresoldD.wouldsell课后小练课后小练用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Thetrees_(plant)inrowsinthefieldbyourclasstomorrow.2.Hisleg_(hurt)whenhe_(fall)fromthetreeyesterday.3.Thechildrenmust_(take)goodcareofwhiletheirteacherisaway.willbeplantedwashurtfellbetaken4.Thehospital_(build)afewyearsago.It_(repair)atthemoment.5.LastsummerIvisitedthePeoplesGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetings_(hold)everyyear.wasbuiltisbeingrepairedareheldCompletethesentencesusingtheverbsinbrackets.1.Asaboyhe_(educate)inmanyschools.2.He_(give)thenickname,“thestudentwhoasksquestions”.3.Theresultsofhisexperiments_(publish)inChinain1966.waseducatedwasgivenwaspublished4.Finally,in1970anaturallysterilemalericeplant_(discover).5.50thousandsquarekilometresofricefields_(convert)togrowingvegetables.6.Followingthis,YuanLongpingsrice_(export)toothercountries.wasdiscoveredwereconvertedwasexportedFillintheblankswiththeproperformofthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.Thebridge(build)lastyear.2.TheOlympicGames(hold)everyfouryears.3.Theproblem(discuss)atthemeetingnow.wasbuiltareheldisbeingdiscussed4.Hisnewbook_(publish)nextmonth.5.Theclassroom_(notclean)yet.6.Themachine_(repair)atthistimeyesterday.7.Shesaidthereport_(type)byLiMeifortwoweeks.willbepublishedhasnotbeencleanedwasbeingrepairedhadbeentyped8.MissLisaidthebook_(give)tothestudentsthenextmorning.9.BytheendofnexttermtwothousandEnglishwords_(learn).10.Hesaidtheproject_(finish)by2010.wouldbegivenwillhavebeenlearntwouldhavebeenfinishedTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.下一届奥运会将于下一届奥运会将于2012年在伦敦举行。年在伦敦举行。2.奶奶告诉他要好好保管这枚戒指。奶奶告诉他要好好保管这枚戒指。3.我现在很忙。我有很多作业要做。我现在很忙。我有很多作业要做。4.到目前为止，地球人已经几次拜访了月到目前为止，地球人已经几次拜访了月亮。亮。5.你的外套该洗洗了。你的外套该洗洗了。6.我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。7.这本书值得一看。这本书值得一看。8.有人看到他昨天下午在操场上打篮球。有人看到他昨天下午在操场上打篮球。9.你的理由听起来挺合理的。你的理由听起来挺合理的。10.有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。1.下一届奥运会将于下一届奥运会将于2012年在伦敦举行。年在伦敦举行。2.奶奶告诉他要好好保管这枚戒指。奶奶告诉他要好好保管这枚戒指。3.我现在很忙。我有很多作业要做。我现在很忙。我有很多作业要做。ThenextOlympicGameswillbeheldinLondonin2012.Hewastoldbyhisgrandmathattheringshouldbekeptwell.Imbusynow.Ihavelotsofhomeworktodo.4.到目前为止，地球人已经几次拜访了到目前为止，地球人已经几次拜访了月亮。月亮。Sofar,themoonhasbeenvisitedbyearthmenseveraltimes.5.你的外套该洗洗了。你的外套该洗洗了。6.我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。Yourcoatneedscleaning/tobecleaned.Anewbicyclewasboughttomebymyfather.8.有人看到他昨天下午在操场上打篮球。有人看到他昨天下午在操场上打篮球。Thisbookisworthreading.Hewasseenplayingbasketballontheplaygroundyesterdayafternoon.7.这本书值得一看。这本书值得一看。9.你的理由听起来挺合理的你的理由听起来挺合理的。10.有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.Hewasheardtosaygoodbyetohisfriend.Practice1.Thewindowisdirty.Iknow.It_forweeks.A.hasntcleaned B.didntcleanC.wasntcleaned D.hasntbeencleaned2.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_goingbacktoschool,butshehasntdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsiderDD7.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho_forthespoiledchild.2006北京东城区高三模拟北京东城区高三模拟A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblame3.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics_by2006.A.hadbeencompleted B.hascompletedC.willhavebeencompletedD.willhavecompletedA4.Accordingtotheartdealer,thepainting_togoforatleastamilliondollars.A.isexpectedB.expectsC.expectedD.isexpectingA5.-Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?-_.A.TheyweredestroyedintheearthquakeB.TheearthquakewasdestroyingthemC.TheydestroyedintheearthquakeD.TheearthquakedestroyedthemB6.Whenandwheretogofortheno-salaryholiday_yet.A.arenotdecidedB.havenotbeendecidedC.isnotbeingdecidedD.hasnotbeendecidedD7.Anewcinema_here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt8.Thenewsuspensionbridge_bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesignedDB9.Hundredsofjobs_ifthefactorycloses.A.loseB.willbelostC.arelostD.willlose10.Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencutBC高考链接高考链接1.Allvisitorstothisvillage_withkindness.(2011四川四川)A.treatB.aretreatedC.aretreatingD.hadbeentreatedB2.Aftergettinglostinastorm,amemberofthenavyteam_fourdayslater.(2011上海上海)A.rescuedB.wasrescued C.hasrescuedD.hadbeenrescuedBInahungryworldriceisastaplefoodandChinaistheworldslargestproducer.Riceisalsogrowninmanyothercountries,andinsome European countries like Italy.In therice-growing world,the Chinese scientist,YuanLongping,isaleadingfigure.1YuanLongpingwasbornandbroughtupinChina.As a boy he was educated in manyschools and was given the nickname,“thestudentwhoasksquestions”.2Fromanearlyagehewasinterestedinplants.He studied agriculture in college and as ayoung teacher he began experiments in cropbreeding.Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedingpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.Hethoughttherewasonlyonewaytodothis-bycrossingdifferentspeciesofriceplant,andthenhecouldproduceanewplant which could give a higher yield thaneitheroftheoriginalplants.3FirstYuan Longping experimentedwithdifferent types of rice.The results of hisexperimentswerepublishedinChinain1966.Thenhebeganhissearchforaspecialtypeofriceplant.Ithadtobemale.Ithadtobesterile.Finally,in 1970 a naturally sterile male riceplantwasdiscovered.Thiswasthebreakthrough.Researchers were brought infromalloverChinatodevelopthenewsystem.Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.4As a result of Yuan Longpings discoveriesChinesericeproductionroseby47.5percentinthe1990s.Therewereotheradvantagestoo.50thousandsquarekilometersofricefieldswereconvertedtogrowingvegetablesandothercashcrops.Following this,Yuan Longpings ricewas exported to other countries,such asPakistanandthePhilippines.5InPakistanriceisthesecondmostimportantcropafterwheatandwillbegrowninmanypartsofthecountry.ThenewhybridricehasbeendevelopedbytheYuanLongpingHigh-techAgriculturalCompanyofChina.ItsyieldismuchgreaterthantheyieldofothertypesofricegrowninPakistan.61.RiceisalsogrowninmanyotherAsiancountries.2.YuanLongpingwasbornandbroughtupinChina.3.Asaboyhewaseducatedinschoolsandwasgivenanickname4.ResearcherswerebroughtinfromalloverChina.5.Theresearchwassupportedbythegovernment.6.ThePakistanwillbegrowninmanypartsofthecountry.7.ThenewhybridricehasbeendevelopedbytheYuanLongpingHigh-techAgriculturalCompanyofChina.读下面的句子读下面的句子,总结各种时态被动语态总结各种时态被动语态的构成形式。的构成形式。1.Ourteachersare respectedbyus.2.Hewill be beatenbyme.3.Paperwasfirst inventedinChina.4.Theyreallyhave beenpoorlypaid.5.Productioncostshad beengreatlyreduced.6.Anewrailwayis beingbuilt.7.Theroadswere beingwidened.短语动词的被动语态：短语动词的被动语态：Thatoldmanwas oftenlaughed at.Thedoctorhas beensent for.结论结论:短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组割的词组,在被动结构中也是如此在被动结构中也是如此,不不可去掉后面的介词或副词可去掉后面的介词或副词。Thedoorwaslockedbythemonitor.Thedoorwaslocked.Thecompositionwaswrittenwithgreatcare.Thecompositioniswellwritten.Look at the following sentences:结论结论:被动语态被动语态表示表示动作动作,句子主语是句子主语是动作对象动作对象;而而“连系动词连系动词+表语表语(过去过去分词分词)”表示表示状态状态,其中过去分词相当于其中过去分词相当于形容词形容词,因此被动语态可以有多种时态因此被动语态可以有多种时态,而而“连系动词连系动词+表语表语”中的只有一般中的只有一般时态和完成时态时态和完成时态。
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