资源描述
简单句基本句型简单句基本句型英语的基本成分有六种:英语的基本成分有六种:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语和定语主语、谓语、宾语、表语、状语和定语基本句型一:基本句型一:基本句型二:基本句型二:基本句型三:基本句型三:基本句型四:基本句型四:基本句型五:基本句型五:(主谓)(主系表)(主谓宾)(主谓间宾直宾)(主谓宾宾补)类型类型1 1:主语:主语+谓语(不及物谓语(不及物vi.vi.)(S+Vi)(S+Vi)主主语(名名代代)谓语句句义1 Fireburns.火燃火燃烧。2 TherainStopped.雨停了。雨停了。不及物动词不及物动词(vi)本身就可以表达完整的意念,本身就可以表达完整的意念,不需不需要宾语及补语。要宾语及补语。但有时可有副词,但有时可有副词,介词短语,分词,状语从句等介词短语,分词,状语从句等修饰谓语动词。修饰谓语动词。.科.网主主语谓语状状语1Heworkshard.2Themachineworkssmoothly.3Sheisworkingnow.主主语谓语状状语(不定式不定式/分分词)1Westoppedtohavearest.2shestoodtherebegging3Heranfollowedbyadog.类型类型2:2:主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+(vt.)+宾语宾语(S+Vt+OS+Vt+O)主主语谓语宾语(名名/代代)1Hecuthisfinger.2They carriedoutit.3Wehavealreadyhadbreakfast.及物动词(及物动词(vt.)不能表达完整的意思,必须跟一)不能表达完整的意思,必须跟一个宾语才能使意思完整个宾语才能使意思完整.主主语谓语宾语(不定式不定式)1 Ipromisedtohelpthem.2 Theydecidednottogo.3 Shewondershowtodoit.4 Wedidntknow whentogothere.1.2两个例句中两个例句中这类动词有有attempt,help,want,agree,dare,decide,need,desire,expect,intend,learn,offer,promise等等主主语谓语宾语(动名名词)1Heenjoysplayingchess.2Isuggestedchangingit3Theyremembereddoingit.用于用于这一一结构的构的V有:有:advise,finish,mind(介意介意),suggest,enjoy,avoid(避免)(避免),consider(考(考虑),canthelp(情不自禁)等(情不自禁)等主主语谓语宾语从句从句1 Ihope(that)youwillcomehere.2 Shedoesntcarewhattheothersthink.3 Iwonderwhyyoucomehere4 Wesuppose(that)youwillbethere.类型类型3:3:主语主语+谓谓 系系+表语表语 (S+Link.V+P)(S+Link.V+P)系动词后需要形容词,名词,介词短语等来补充系动词后需要形容词,名词,介词短语等来补充说明主语说明主语系动词:系动词:一个一个be,两个似乎(,两个似乎(seem,appear),以及以及其它感官动词其它感官动词状态延续状态延续remain,stay,continue,stand,keep(仍然,保持)(仍然,保持)状态变化状态变化become,get,turn,go,fall,run,grow,come(变得变得)主主语系系动词表表语1Thisisabook.2Theyarehard-working.3Theboylooksasmartboy4Theroom becamecrowdedsoon.5Theshopstaysopenuntil12:00我首先想告诉你的是这儿的天气。我首先想告诉你的是这儿的天气。WhatIwanttotellyoufirstistheclimatehere.SVPThisisbecauseChinaisquicklybecomingasuperpoweroftheworldandwhatismostimportantisthatitwillhastenthelearningprocessoflanguagestudents.分析句子结构分析句子结构 Correctmistakes:1.Hervoicesoundsbeautifully.2.Thewholecompanywassurprisingatthenews.3.Toseeisbelieve.4.Itseemlikeagoodidea.5.Thelightsstillon.6.Allthepotatoeschangedbad.7.Jimwasremainedaworker.beautifulsurprisedtoareseemswent类型类型4 4:主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语:主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语(S+Vt+Oi+Od)(S+Vt+Oi+Od)主主语谓语间接接宾语直接直接宾语1Igavemyfriendthemoney.2Heoffered mesomeusefulbooks3They showed theirteacher somepictures4They toldusthenews.此类句型中,此类句型中,VtVt后必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的后必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。意思。主主语谓语直接直接宾语间接接宾语1Igavethemoney.to myfriend2Heofferedsomeusefulbooksto me3Theyshowed somepicturesto theirteacher4Theytoldthenews.to us主主语谓语间接接宾语直接直接宾语1Iboughtmymotheragoldwatch.2Shemadeherselfanewdress3Ileftmybabysomefood4Theysavedmesomemoney.主主语谓语直接直接宾语间接接宾语1 Ibought agoldwatch.for mymother2 Shemadeanewdressfor herself3 Ileftsomefoodfor mybaby4 Theysavedsomemoney.for me类型类型5 5:主语谓语宾语宾语补足语:主语谓语宾语宾语补足语(S+Vt+O+OC)(S+Vt+O+OC)及物动词本身需要一个宾语外,及物动词本身需要一个宾语外,还需要一个名词,还需要一个名词,形容词,动词不定式或分词来补充说明宾语。形容词,动词不定式或分词来补充说明宾语。e.g.WeelectedLiYangourmonitor.Hegothisshoesdirty.Thenewsmadeusexcited.Iaskedhertoopenthewindow.Hewantsmetocomeearly.Theybelievedhim(tobe)innocent.Weconsiderher(tobe)honest.Imadehimfinishthejob.Youmustntletthematterresthere.在在let(让),make(使得使得),have(请,让,使得),使得),see(看看),hear(听到听到),watch(观看看),feel(感感觉到到),listento(倾听听),lookat(看到看到),notice(注意到注意到)等等动词后的后的宾语补足足语如果如果为不定式,不定式,则省掉省掉”to”,但但变为被被动语态时,则要要带”to”.e.g.Wehearhersingnextdoor.Sheisheardtosingnextdoor.Isawhimrunningoff.Ismeltsomethingburning.Youmustgetyourhaircut.Shehadanewcapmade.提示:提示:现在分词现在分词为宾语补足语时,宾语与现在分为宾语补足语时,宾语与现在分 词之间是词之间是主动关系主动关系;过去分词过去分词为宾语补足语时为宾语补足语时,宾语与过宾语与过去分词之间是去分词之间是被动关系被动关系。1.Thetrainiscoming.2.WealllikeEnglish.3.Dannylookshappy.4.Momgavemeapresent.5.Thestorymakesmelaugh.6.Theyworkhard.7.Plantsneedwater.8.Hegavemesomeseeds.9.Manyanimalsliveintrees.10.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主谓主谓主谓宾主谓宾主系表主系表【巩固提高练习巩固提高练习】双宾语双宾语宾补宾补主谓主谓主谓宾主谓宾双宾语双宾语主谓主谓主谓宾状主谓宾状按要求完成句子按要求完成句子1)我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。)我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。(S+Vt+OS+Vt+O)2)最近)最近10年我的家乡发生了巨大变化。年我的家乡发生了巨大变化。(S+Vi)(S+Vi)3)早睡早起是个好习惯。)早睡早起是个好习惯。(S+Link.V+P)(S+Link.V+P)4)格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们做了一场报告。)格林先生将就如何学好英语给我们做了一场报告。(S+Vt+Oi+Od)(S+Vt+Oi+Od)5)请开着窗户,否则屋里太热了。)请开着窗户,否则屋里太热了。(S+Vt+O+OC)(S+Vt+O+OC)Wehaventdecidedwhentodiscusstheproblem.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisagoodhabit.Mr.GreenwillgiveusaspeechonhowtolearnEnglishwell.Pleasekeepthewindowopen,oritistoohotintheroom.
展开阅读全文