仁爱英语八年级下册 语法复习练习-.

仁爱英语八年级下册语法复习练习一，系动词及用法。大多数联系动词后面接形容词，seem后还可接不定式,be后可接副词、名词、介词短语等。联系动词和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。初中阶段常见的联系动词有be,look(看起来)，seem（似乎，好像），feel(感觉，感到)，sound(听起来)，smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），get(变)，become(变得，成为)，turn(变)，go（变），grow(变)，等。表示变化的系动词的区别：天气变化用get;颜色的变化用turn;由好变坏用go;逐渐变化用grow;好变坏、坏变好用become或get;成为用become.翻译下列句型：1.这朵花闻起来很香(sweet_2.这种食物尝起来是可口的（delicious）_3.她似乎很担心。_4.她感到烦恼。_5.这首歌听起来很优美。_6.树木变得越来越绿。_7.我感到失望。_8.天气变得越来越暖和。_二，状语从句1.Hetookoffhiscoat_hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since2.Itis_thatwedliketogooutforawalk.A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday3.Maryhad_muchworktodothatshewas busyallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very4._Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif15._thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As6._wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Themoment7.Writetomeassoonasyou_toBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got1.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生都很喜欢她。MrsBrucewas_kindtoherstudents_theyall_herverymuch.2.只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance_wetryourbest.3.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Willyoupleasecallme_yougettoShanghai.4.虽然她很忙，她还坚持自学英语。_,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.5.他长大后想当一名老师。Hewantstobeateacher_.6如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。_toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.7.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。LiMingdidntcometoschool_三、宾语从句1.宾语从句的连接词宾语从句是一种主从复合句，在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。根据宾语从句原先（做宾语之前）的句式，我们把宾语从句分为三类。1）.宾语从句原先是陈述句的，由that连接。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可省略。Hesaid.Hewantedtostayathome.Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesntknow.Sheisseriouslyill.Shedoesntknow_Iamsure.Hewillsucceed.Iamsure_.2）.宾语从句原先是特殊疑问句的，由其本身疑问词连接。连接代词 who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknow？Who(whom)aretheywaitingfor? Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellme?WhereistheNo.3busstop?_Idontknow. Whyisthetrainlate? _3）.宾语从句原先是一般疑问句的，由if或whether。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。Iwanttoknow.Doeshelivethere?Iwanttoknowifhelivesthere?Heaskedme.WasthereabookstoreonCenterStreet?_2.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句（主谓式）的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisnteasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwellhavethemeeting.3.宾语从句的时态1）如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：Idontthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2）如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.3）如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例 OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.宾语从句的口诀：学习宾从要注意，时态语序和连词。时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意。主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去。宾从所示表真理，时态不变不怀疑。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。That连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要牢记。特殊问句做宾语，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题要记牢，切莫丢东又往西。()1Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whattheycanB.howtheycanC.howcantheyD.whatcanthey()2Histeacher_he_brightand_hewasworthteaching.A.didntthink;was;thatB.thoughtwas;whether C.didntthink;was; D.thought;wasnt;()3_we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather. A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。1.引导词1从句为陈述句，常选择引导词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。2从句为一般疑问句，常选择if或whether。在whetherornot结构中不能用if替换。3从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作引导词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他2.判断时态情况1主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。2主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意；描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。() 1.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatthesun_round.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are()2.Ibelievethatourteam_thebasketballmatch.A.winB.wonC.willwinD.wins ()3.Idontknow_tovisittheoldman.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.who3.宾语从句的用法1that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外：(1)介词宾语从句的that不省略(2)and连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略。 Hetoldme(that)hehadtwosonsandthattheybothhadgonetocollege.(3)在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that不省略。 IhearditsaidthathehadgoneabroadWefounditimpossiblethathecouldfinishitinsuchashorttime2.Whether,if引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：(1)whether从句中有ornot(2)介词后用whether. Eerythingdependsonwhetheryouagreewithus3宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序错:Heiswonderingwhencanhefinishthisdifficultjob.正:Heiswondering_finishthisdifficultjob.4带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。即否定前移。错:IthinkhedoesntliketheEnglishteacher.正:I_thinkhe_theEnglish teacher. 5.主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；即主过从过。 错:Hewantedtoknowwhyheiscryinginthecorner. 正:Hewantedtoknow_cryinginthecorner.宾语从句 从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。1.Idontknow_hewillcometomorrow._hecomes,IlltellyouA.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If2.Idontknow_thedayaftertomorrow. A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhellcome3.Couldyoutellme_thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where4.Couldyoutellme_theradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended5.Iwanttoknow_. A.whomisshelookingafterB.whomsheislookingC.whomisshelookingD.whomsheislookingafter6.Doyouknowwhere_now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive7.Doyouknowwhattime_?A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves8.Idontknow_.Canyoutellme,please?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare9.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockings10.Icantunderstand_.A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeansII.按要求转换句型。1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?（改写句子）Couldyoutellus_Mr.Brown_livinginChina?2.Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.（变为复合句） Heaskedme_thegirl_somehelp3.Jimisnotastudent.Tomisnotastudent,either.（合并为一个句子） _Jim_Tomisastudent.4.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） Iwanttoknow_thetrain_.5.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用notuntil改写)They_gohome_theyhadfinishedtheirhomework6.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句) LiLeiwantstoknow_Peter_hereyesterday.宾语从句专项训练参考答案：I.15DDDCD610ADDBDII.1.ifwhether;enjoys2.ifwhether;needed3.Neither;nor4.when;leaves5.didnt;until6.whether;came四，形容词和副词比较等级： 21.InChinafamiliesarebecoming_with_children.A,small,fewB,smaller,fewerC,smallest,fewestD,smaller,less22.Whydoesshelookso_?Didshehailintheexamagain?A,interestedB,excitingC,unhappyD,surprised23.Thebosstriedtofinishtheworkwith_moneyand_people.A,less,fewerB,fewer,fewC,few,less,D,little,less24.Mikewenttoschooltodaybecausehefelt_.A,enoughwellB,goodenoughC,enoughgoodD,wellenough25.ImsorryImlate.Thereis_withmybike.A,anythingwrongB,somethingwrongC,wronganythingD,wrongsomething26.WhatsthematterwithTom?Helooks_.A,unhappyB,hungrilyC,sadlyD,happily27.NowMr.Browndrivesmuch_thanhedidtwoyearsago.A,carefulB,carefullyC,morecarefulD,morecarefully28.Isthere_intodaysnewspaper?A,somethingnewB,newsomethingC,anynewthingsD,anythingnew29.Whichis_,cotton,woodoriron?A,heavierB,heaviestC,theheaviestD,themostheaviest30.Inmyopinion,TimdoesntwriteEnglish_hissister.A,asclearasB,soclearasC,moreclearlyasD,asclearlyas31.A:Isthere_intodaysnewspaper? B:Yes.A,anythingimportantB,anyimportantthingC,importantanythingD,anythingsimportant32.Hespoke_foreveryoneintheclasstohear.A,enoughloudB,loudenoughC,louderenoughD,enoughlouder33.Yourideasoundsmuch_thanhis.A,interestingB,interestedC,moreinterestingD,moreinterested34.Shipscomeandgoontheriver_boats.A,asnoisyasB,noisierthanC,asnoisilyasD,muchnoisilythan35.Thetraintravelsattopspeed.Theunderlinedpartmeans_.A,thebestB,thetallestC,thefastestD,thefarthest词性变换：1.ImafraidthatIcantafford(负担)suchan_cellphone.(expense) 2.Dogscanhelpblindpeoplewalkacrossthestreet_.(safe)3.Pleasereadthetestpaper_beforeyoudoit.(careful)4.Thereare_than200passengersonhisplane.(much)5.Hereisa_presentforyourbirthday.(love)6.Heisnotas_tousashissister.(friend)7.You_helpedmealot.Thankyouverymuchindeed.(real)8.Thelittlegirlwasso_whenshesawthetrafficaccident.(frighten)形容词、副词参考答案21-30BCADBADDCD31-35ABCCC 词性变换：1.expensive2.safely3.carefully4.more5.lovely6.friendly7.really8.frightened五，动词不定式基本形式：to+动词原形（肯定形式）Notto+动词原形（否定形式）特征：没有人称和数的变化。常用句型：Its+adj(+forsb）+todosth.Too+adj+todosth.动词不定式可以跟疑问词连用。例如.Idontknowwhattodohowtodoit.1.Whatdoyouwant_(be)whenyougrowup?2.Thepoliceofficertoldtheboys_(notplay)soccerontheroad.3.Tonyaskedhisgrandpa_(give)himatoycarforhisbirthday.4.Hedecided_(make)decisionsbyhimselffromnowon.5.Theworkersplan_(build)thebridgeintwoyears.6.Iamreallysorry_(hear)that.7.Wouldyoulikesomething_(drink)?8.Hisbrothertaughthim_(play)basketball.9.LiYangadvisedme_（notdrink）toomuch.10.Youneed_(see)adoctorwhenyouhaveheadachesoften.六，常用的表达方式1，关于花费：Sth.costsb.+钱Sb.spend+时钱in、onsth.doingsth.Ittakesb时todosth.Sb.pay钱forsth.1. Iminterestedinanimals,soI_everysaturdayworkinginananimalhospital.A.PayB.costC.takeD.spend2.Theyspendtoomuchtime_thereport.A.writingB.towriteC.onwritingD.write3.-Whatbeautifulshoesyourewearing!Theymustbeexpensive-No，theyonly_l0yuan.AspentBtookCpaidDcost4.-WillyoupleaseformydinnerPeter?-Sure!A.spendB.payC.costD.take5.Itwill_metoomuchtimetoreadthisbook.A.takeB.costC.spendD.pay6.Thissciencebook_meagreatamountofmoney.A.tookB.costCusedD.spent7.-Doyouoftengetonline?-Yes,I_lotsoftimeonit.Itsagoodwaytokilltime.A.costB.spendC.takeD.pay2，特殊疑问词+不定式。（whattodohowtodoit）3，表示方位的介词区别Inthe+方位名词+of指某一范围内的地区。（中国，北京）tothe+方位名词+of指互不接壤互不管辖的地区。（中国，日本）onthe+方位名词+of相互接壤但互不管辖的地区。（中国，尼泊尔） ()1TheUnitedStatesis_thesouthofCanadaand_theeastofJapan.A.to;inB.on;toC.in;besideD.at;on()2Themanstood_thewindow,watchingtheboysplayingoutside.A.inB.byC. to()3Japanlies_theeastofChina.A.onB/toC.inD.with4，目的状语从句。(同结果状语从句)Sothat引导的状语从句。So+adj./adv.+that、so+adj.+an/a+名词单数+that如此以至于用于引导主句导致的结果。Such+n.+that.从句。同样表示如此以至于。不同：so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词。Sothat.引导结果状语从句，表示因此、所以。1她是如此的疲惫，以致于很快就睡着了。 Shewas_she_quickly.2.这是一本非常有趣的小说，以致于我读了三遍。 Itwas_novelthatreaditthreetimes.3.他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。Heruns_nobodycancatchupwithhim.4.玛丽有如此多的工作要做，以致于她整天呆在办公室。 Maryhad_todothatshestayedatherofficeallday.5. Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety_ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.asB.thatC.whichD.where6.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_weallagreedtoacceptit.A.asB.thatC.soD.and7.Thebookwaswrittenin_easyEnglish_evenstudentscouldunderstandit.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.very;that8.ZhouLiboisgoodatmakingpeoplelaugh.Hislivelyshowswere_hotthatticketssoldoutinminutes. A.veryB.tooC.suchD.so9.-Youstudy_hard_youresuretopasstheexam.-Thankyouforsayingso.A.enough;toB.as;asC.so;that7