托福听力音乐绘画主题必考词汇整理.doc

托福听力音乐绘画主题必考词汇整理托福听力讲座类高频话题词汇分享 音乐绘画主题必考词汇整理托福听力讲座高频词汇：音乐类acpaniment伴奏conservatory音乐学校band乐队solo独奏;独唱duet 二重奏;二重唱trio三重唱concerto协奏曲symphony交响乐Folk music民俗音乐time节拍Rock and roll摇滚乐Pop music流行音乐harmony协调;调和concert. 音乐会play剧本opera. 歌剧Hillbilly music乡村音乐Country music乡村音乐serenade小夜曲volume音量chord. 弦;和弦Sheet music散页乐谱;活页乐谱arrangement整理;准备Chamber music室内音乐orchestra. 管弦乐队note音符托福听力讲座高频词汇：绘画雕塑类Cubism 立体派;立体Fauvism 野兽派Abstractism 抽象派Pop Art 波普艺术;流行艺术Brush 画笔;毛笔Genuine 真品Fake 赝品Aesthetic 美学Gallery 美术馆Brushstroke 绘画技巧color 颜料dye 染料Pigment 颜料figure画像canvas帆布frame电影 画面easel画架sketch. 素描Oil painting 油画;油画艺术portrait肖像;半身雕塑像style风格;字体painting绘画;着色perspective远景portray描绘impressionism印象派，印象statue雕像，塑像sculpture雕塑;雕刻carve. 雕刻bust半身像relief浮雕retouch润饰;修整部分restore恢复;复原refine精炼，提纯watercolor水彩画;水彩颜料pastel粉蜡笔;粉蜡笔画Charcoal drawing 素描mural 壁画fresco壁画engraving. 雕刻;雕刻术;雕刻品Landscape painting 风景画，山水画still life静物;静物写生caricature漫画original原作copy. 副本;摹仿reproduction复制品replica复制品托福听力练习对照文本In our lab today, well be testing the hypothesis that babies can count as early as five months of age.今天在我们的实验室，我们将会测试这个假设，就是婴儿早在五个月大时就能计数了。The six babies here are all less than six months old.这里的六个婴儿全部小于六个月大。Youll be watching them on closed-circuit TV and measuring their responses.你们将在闭路电视上观看他们，然后衡量他们的反响The experiment is based on the well-established observation that babies stare longer if they dont see what they expect to see.实验是基于已经得到确认的观察报告，就是婴儿们会凝视久一些，假设他们没看到他们期待看到的东西的话First, were going to let two dolls move slowly in front of the babies.首先，我们将会让两个玩偶在婴儿们的前面缓缓挪动。The babies will see the two dolls disappear behind a screen.婴儿们将会看到两个玩偶消失在一个屏风的后面。Your job is to record, in seconds, how long the babies stare at the dolls when the screen is removed.你们的工作是记录，以秒为单位，婴儿们会盯着玩偶看多久，当屏风被移开时。In the next stage, two dolls will again move in front of the babies and disappear.在下一阶段(接下来)，两个玩偶将仍然在婴儿们面前挪动并且消失。But then a third doll will follow.不过第三个玩偶将会跟随着。When the screen is removed, the babies will only see two dolls.当屏风被移走时，婴儿们将只会看到两个玩偶。If were right, the babies will now stare longer because they expect three dolls but only see two.假设我们是正确的，婴儿们如今将会凝视的更久些，因为他们期待三个玩偶但是只看见两个It seems remarkable to think that such young children can count.想想这么小的孩子能计数似乎非同寻常。My own research has convinced me that they have this ability from birth.我自己的研究说服了我，他们从出生就有这种才能。But whether they do or not, perhaps we should raise another question.但不管他们是真有还是没有，也许我们都应该提出另一个问题。Should we take advantage of this ability by teaching children mathematics at such a young age?我们应该利用这个才能在如此小的年龄来教孩子们数学吗?They have great untapped potential, but is it good for parents to pressure young children?他们拥有宏大的尚未开发的潜能，但是对家长来说去压迫小孩子这样好吗?托福听力练习对照文本Before starting our tour of Monticello, Id like to give you some historical facts that might help you appreciate what you see today even more.在开始我们的Monticello之旅前，我想给你们一些史实，这会帮助你们更多的欣赏你们今天看到的。Monticello was the very much loved home of Thomas Jefferson for over fifty years.Monticello是Thomas Jefferson(托马斯杰斐逊)深沉挚爱了五十多年的家。Jefferson, who was, of course, President, was also a great reader and language enthusiast.Jefferson，曾经是，当然了，总统，也是一个很热爱读书的人和语言爱好者。He read widely on different subjects, including architecture.他在不同的科目上阅读广博，包括了建筑学。He wasnt formally trained in architecture, but as a result of his study and observation of other buildings, he was able to help design and build the house.他在建筑学上没有经过正规培训，但是作为他研究和观察其他建筑的结果，他可以帮助设计和建造房屋。He chose the site himself, naming the estate “Monticello,” which means “little mountain” in Italian.他自己选择了地点，命名这个地产“Monticello”，这在意大利语中的意思是“小山”。In fact, many of the ideas behind the design also came from the Italian architect Andrea Palladio, who lived in the sixteenth century and who had a great influence on the architecture of England.事实上，许多设计背后的理念也是来自于意大利建筑师Andrea Palladio，他生活在16世纪并且他在英国的建筑上有着宏大的影响。Jefferson, however, ignored one of Palladios principles, that is, not to build in a high place.然而，Jefferson，忽略了Palladio的一个原那么，既，不在高处建房。Monticellos elevation made the transportation of what was needed at the housefor exle, foodespecially difficult.Monticello的海拔使得房屋中的必需品的运输，比方，食物极其困难。But the view from the estate would not be as spectacular if Jefferson had followed Palladios advice;但是来自这个地产的景观也就不会如此壮观，假设Jefferson 听从了Palladio的建议。there really is no boundary between the house and the nature around it, and so Jefferson was able to look out on his beloved state of Virginia from his wonderful vantage point.在房子和环绕它的大自然之间真的没有界限，所以Jefferson才可以从他绝妙的优势地点面对他所挚爱的佛吉尼亚州。Now well go on to Jeffersons library.如今，我们将接着去Jefferson的图书馆。第 11 页 共 11 页