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Unit4 Grobal WarmingUnit4 Grobal WarmingListening Listening Listen and decide which statement Professor Chen does NOT agree with.1.Well have to stop using fossil fuels.2.About 90%of the worlds energy comes from fossil fuels.3.We can replace fossil fuels with renewable sources of energy.4.Nuclear power is a good source of energy.5.In the future,well need new technologies to replace fossil fuels.6.Its the developed countries who are to blame for producing most of the carbon dioxide.P31P31Listen again and tick the phrases that Professor Chen uses to agree or disagree with Li Bin.agree()disagree()Exactly.()Im afraid I disagree with you.()Thats true.()Im afraid not.()Thats right.()I dont think so.()Thats correct.()No way.()I agree.()I dont agree.()Listening Text on Page 31 FOSSIL FUELS AND OTHER FROMS OF ENERGY Li Bin,a university student,is interviewing Professor Chen on the local student radio station about the use of fossil fuels and other sources of energy.LI BIN:Professor Chen,Ive read that we have to stop using fossil fuels if we want to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.CHEN:Yes,thats right,Li Bin.However,this will be very difficult.You see,our modern industrial societies depend on the energy we get from fossil fuels.Its a very concentrated and cheap form of energy.So were going to keep using it and therefore keep putting carbon dioxide into the air.LI BIN:Is it true that about 90%of the worlds energy comes from fossil fuels?CHEN:Yes,thats correct.And there is enough coal,gas and oil to last for centuries.LI BIN:Cant we just replace fossil fuels with renewable sources of energy like sun or wind power?CHEN:Im afraid not.Its not that simple.Renewable energy is not concentrated enough.And you need huge areas of land to produce large quantities.Its just not possible not with the technology we have at present anyway.LI BIN:What about nuclear power?Thats a good source of energy.CHEN:Yes,I agree.Its concentrated and doesnt produce carbon dioxide but there is a limited amount of uranium the material you need to make nuclear power.And many people dont like it because of past accidents like the one at Chernobyl.LI BIN:So what can we do?CHEN:Well,we need to find ways of using fossil fuels that dont put carbon dioxide into the air.And we need to produce more products that use less energy.It would also help a little if individuals cut down on the energy they used.LI BIN:But,sometime in the future,well need new technologies that will replace fossil fuels.CHEN:Exactly.However,whatever we do,we have to do it as a global community.That means developed and developing countries will have to work together.LI BIN:But its not the developing countries who put the most of the carbon dioxide into the air.The developed countries are really the ones to blame.CHEN:Yes,thats true.But,we still have to work together because global warming is going to affect everyone.If our children and our childrens children are to have a good future,we must ALL look after this planet.Listen to the tape and discuss the questions in pairs or groups.1.What is Millennium Kids?2.when did it star?3.Who goes to the yearly conference and what happens there?Its an organization run by kids for kids who are concerned about the environment.In 1996.Kids from all over Australia and from other countries;they decide which projects to work on in the following year.P62P624.What does the play“The Horse who Saved the World”teach students?5.If you wanted to do something for the environment,what would you do?It teaches them about greenhouse gases and how they can cut down greenhouse gases bynot traveling to school by car so often.Youd decide on an environmental problem that youd like to solve.Then youd work out a plan of action that has all the steps needed tosolve the problem.6.What are three examples of projects that children have worked on?7.Where can you find out more about Millennium Kids?8.Why does Julie belong to Millennium Kids?Planting trees at school or on farms;lookingafter a piece of land;developing activitiesthat reduce,reuse and recycle waste.On the Internet/on their website.Because she believes that if we dont carefor the environment,we and future childrenwont be able to survive.Listen to the tape again and fill in the information sheet.Name of the organizationIts purposeTime when it was set up Examples of activitiesMillennium KidsIts for kids who are concerned about the environment.In 1996A yearly conference;school programmes e.g.a play called“the Horse who Saved the World”;environment projects.Examples of projectsOther informationPlanting trees at school or on farms looking after a piece of land developing activities that reduce,reuse and recycle waste,such as plastic bagsThey have a website.Listening Text on Page 62 MILLENNIUM KIDSJulie(J),a teenager who belongs to an organization in Australia called Millennium Kids,is visiting a class.The teacher(T)and students(S)are asking her questions about the organization.T:Julie,can you tell us about Millennium Kids?J:Sure.Its an organization run by kids for kids who are concerned about the environment.S:How was it started?J:It was started by four western Australian kids who organized a childrens conference on the environment in 1996.Now we hold a conference every year.Kids come to it all over Australia and also from other countries.Its great fun.And we decide which projects well work on in the following year.S:What sorts of things do you do?J:All sorts.For example,we have a school programme that helps kids understand about greenhouse gases.Actually,we perform a play called“The Horse who Saved the World”.We teach kids that they can cut down greenhouse gases by not traveling to school by car so often.Its so much better for our environment if we walk,ride a bike or go by bus,isnt it?(murmers of agreement)S:Well,I already walk to school so what else could I do?J:Oh,lots of things.You could work on a project with your friends.Youd decide on an environmental problem that youd like to solve it has to be one you think you can solve it might be something to do with native animals,trees,air,water or waste.Youd work out a plan of action that has all the steps needed to solve the problem.S:What are some of the projects kids have done?J:Oh,there are so many.Lets see planting trees at school or on farms;looking after a piece of land;developing activities that reduce,reuse and recycle waste.Actually,at the moment,were asking kids to find ways of reducing,reusing and recycling plastic bags they are such a problem.S:Do you have a website?J:We certainly do.Ill write it on the board later.T:Well,Julie,Millennium Kids sounds like a really good idea.J:Yes,I love being a Millennium Kid.If we dont care for the environment,you,I and future children wont be able to survive.Thats a pretty good reason to do something,dont you think?Listening task Listening task Listen and notice the dates Tom mentions,what happened on these dates and any other interesting facts.Year Event Facts about the event198719891990Ian Kierman competed in an around-the-world yacht raceClean-up day for SydneyHarbourthe first Clean Up Australia DayHe was shocked at the pollution in the ocean.40,000 volunteers;collected old car bodies,plastics,glassbottles,cigarette butts.300,000 volunteers200119932001Clean Up Australia Day the first Clean Up the World Clean Up the Worldmost common kinds of rubbish:cigarette butts,glass bottles and plastics bags.30million volunteers in 80 countries40 million volunteers in 128countries;cleaned streets,beaches,river banks and parksListening Text on Page 65Tom is giving a talk to his class about Clean Up Australia Day.Today Im going to talk about Clean Up Australia Day.Clean Up Australia Day is one day in the year when people get together and clean up their environment.Clean Up Australia Day started with this man Ian Kiernan,Ian is a great sailor and in 1987 he competed in an around-the-world yacht race.When he was sailing in this race,he was shocked at the pollution in the worlds oceans.There was rubbish floating everywhere.So when he got back to Sydney he started organizing a clean up day for Sydney Harbor.In 1989,40,000 people volunteered to clean up the harbor.They collected tons of old car bodies,plastics of all kinds,glass bottles and cigarette butts.Clean Up Australia Day It was so successful that Ian organized the first Clean Up Australia Day.More than 300,000 people volunteered to help the first time it was held in 1990.After that in March,every year,more and more people help.Heres a table showing the most common kinds of rubbish found in 2001 on Clean Up Australia Day.You can see that the top three are cigarette butts,glass bottles and plastic bags.As much of the rubbish as possible is recycled about 20%and-the rest goes to rubbish tips.Clean Up Australia Day works very well there are now many places that wont need cleaning this year because theyre still clean from the last Clean Up Day.In fact,it has been so successful that we now have Business Clean Up Day,Schools Clean Up Day,as well as Clean Up Australia Day.After he started Clean Up Australia Day,Ians next goal was to take his idea to the world.He got the support of the United Nations Environment Programme and,as a result,Clean Up the World started in 1993.In Clean Up the Worlds first year 30 million people in 80 countries were involved on a weekend in September.In 2001,about 40 million people from 128 countries took part.They cleaned streets,beaches,river banks and parks.I think Ian Kiernan is a wonderful man.Hes an inspiration to people who dont want to feel helpless about world problems.People feel that they can take control of the problems themselves,and not wait for governments to act.It also helps them to know that communities all around the world are improving their environment too.(sound of students clapping)Using Words And Expressions:Answer key for Exercise 1:1.pollution 2.statement 3.agreement 4.reduction 5.catastrophic 6.electrical 7.existence parable 9.risky 10.seriousness 11.climatic 12.doubtful1.It would make a big difference to our environment if we planted more trees around the school.2.The research resulted in a better understanding of changes in the climate.3.I think our conference was very successful on the whole.4.There is a wide range of energy sources:coal,oil,natural gas,water power,nuclear power and so on.5.I think people turn up the heat in their houses too high and just waste energy.Answer key for Exercise 2:(P64)6.Even if there is a steady decrease in the use of oil fuels,the earth will still keep warming up.7.The headmaster has stated that he is not going to put up with littering in the school.8.Since your bicycle is broken,you can use mine,so long as you take care of it.9.The consumption of the energy sources in the USA is almost 6 times as much as the average consumption of the whole world.10.Ive glanced at your plan,so now I want you to finish your final report.P64 Using Structures:1.in 19962.children3.on the Internet4.at the yearly conference5.plastic bags1.It was in 1996 that the childrens conference2.It is children that /who run3.It is on the Internet that we can 4.It is at the yearly conference that the young people5.It is plastic bags that Millennium Kids P64 Using structureAnswer key for Exercise 2:(P64)1.Indeed,it was four Australian children who started it in 1996 when they organised the first childrens environmental conference.2.It is at this conference that we decide which projects we want to work on in the following year.3.3.It was through one of these projects about five years ago that I first become involved in Millennium Kids.Reading Task(P66)Clean Up Your Butts And Bags1.What are in the pictures?There are cigarette butts and plastic bags.2.How many cigarettes are smoked in China each year?Over 1,600 billion cigarettes are smoked each year in China.3.How many butts are littered worldwide?About 4.5 trillion butts are littered every year.4.What do butts contain?Butts contain some very toxic chemicals.5.Why is this a problem?Because butts spoil the beauty of the environment,the toxic chemicals in butts find their way into the water supply where they decrease the quality of the water and endanger plants and animals that live there.6.How long do they take to break down?They take up to 5 years to break down.7.What are plastic bags made from?They are made from oil and gas,which are non-renewable resources.8.Why is this a problem?Because they are not recycled,these resources are lost to us.9.How long do they last?They last from 20 to 1000 years in the environment.10.Where do they end up?They float easily in air and water and travel long distances.They find their way to rivers,parks,beaches and oceans.11.Why are they such a problem for sea animals?Because they kill up to one million seabirds,100,000 sea mammals and countless fish each year worldwide.When the animal dies and breaks down,the plastic bag can become free again to kill another animal.Ex.1 4.Toms solutions:1)Put them in the rubbish bin.2)Not to let plastic bags become litter.3)It would be better if they used fewer.4)Recycled them.5)Not to smoke.6)Not use plastic bags at all.1.clean up彻底清理；整理clean up the desk 整理书桌清理掉；清除The waiter hurried to clean up the pieces of the broken plates.服务员赶紧把盘碟的碎片打扫干净。2.break downv.毁掉,制服,压倒,停顿,倒塌,中止,垮掉,分解,起化学变化1)Food is broken down by chemicals.化学物质引起食物转化。2).because they can take up to five years to break down.Language Points3.up to（数目）到之多up to 100 men 可达一百人直到（某个高级职务）Everyone works,from the lift boy up to the President.从电梯工人到总经理人人都工作。一直到(=up till)up to now 到目前为止,胜任Michaels not really up to that job.迈克尔确实不胜任那项工作。be up to 做（坏事）What in the world are you up to?你到底在搞什么鬼？up to sb.应由某人,视为某人的职责Its up to us(=Its our duty)to give them all the help we can.up to date现代的；最新的It was a modern factory-everything was really up to date.这是一个现代化的工厂一切都是最新式的。I like wearing up-to-date clothes.我喜欢穿时新的衣服。I keep up to date with the news by listening to radio.我通过听收音机了解最新消息。包括最新资料的add up to总计为，总数达4.trillion 万亿5.apart from 除外1)All the children like music apart from Bobby.除了博比外所有的孩子都喜欢音乐。2)The writer lives apart from his family.作家不与家人同住。3)Apart from a few words,I do not know any French at all.除了很少的几句外,我对法语一无所知。9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。2023/4/192023/4/19Wednesday,April 19,202310、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/2023 5:15:56 AM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/19Apr-2319-Apr-2312、故人江海别，几度隔山川。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/19Wednesday,April 19,202313、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/202314、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。19 四月 20232023/4/192023/4/192023/4/1915、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。四月 232023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/202316、行动出成果，工作出财富。2023/4/192023/4/1919 April 202317、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/192023/4/199、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2023/4/192023/4/19Wednesday,April 19,202310、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/2023 5:15:56 AM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/19Apr-2319-Apr-2312、世间成事，不求其绝对圆满，留一份不足，可得无限完美。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/19Wednesday,April 19,202313、不知香积寺，数里入云峰。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/202314、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。19 四月 20232023/4/192023/4/192023/4/1915、楚塞三湘接，荆门九派通。四月 232023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/202316、少年十五二十时，步行夺得胡马骑。2023/4/192023/4/1919 April 202317、空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/192023/4/199、杨柳散和风，青山澹吾虑。2023/4/192023/4/19Wednesday,April 19,202310、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/2023 5:15:56 AM11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/19Apr-2319-Apr-2312、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/19Wednesday,April 19,202313、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/202314、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。19 四月 20232023/4/192023/4/192023/4/1915、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。四月 232023/4/192023/4/192023/4/194/19/202316、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2023/4/192023/4/1919 April 202317、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。2023/4/192023/4/192023/4/192023/4/19MOMODA 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