UnitSectionA-1

Unit 12Life is full of the unexpected.Learn how to narrate past events.Do you ever be late for school?What happened?I overslept.The bus was too crowded to get on.There was an accident when I was on my way to school.I forgot to take my schoolbag!I left my schoolwork in my house!I had to go back and get it!I thought it was Saturday,but actually it was Friday!So,dont be late next time,or the teacher will punish you.1a Look at the pictures.What happened to the girl?She woke up late.She wanted to use the bathroom but someone was in the bathroom.She ran to catch the bus.The bus had just left.She got to school and realized she had left her bag at home.1b Listen to Mary talking about her morning.Complete the sentences.1.By the time I got up,my brother _ already _ in the shower.2.By the time I got outside,the bus _ already _.3.When I got to school,I realized I _ _ my backpack at home.hadgottenhadlefthadleft1c Take turns being Mary.Look at the pictures above and talk about what happened this morning.A:What happened?B:I overslept.By the time I got up,my brother had already gotten in the shower.What happened next?2a Listen to Mary continue her story.Number the pictures 14 in the correct order.12342b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Then listen again and check your answers.1.When I _(get)home,I realized I _ (leave)my keys in the backpack.2.By the time I _ (get)back to school,the bell _ (ring).3.By the time I _(walk)into class,the teacher _ (start)teaching already.gothad leftgothad rungwalkedhad started2c Make up an ending for the story and share it with your partner.The teacher looked at Mary and.2d Role-play the conversation.Matt:Why were you late for class today,Kevin?Kevin:My alarm clock didnt go off!I kept sleeping,and when I woke up it was already 8:00 a.m.!Matt:Oh,no!Kevin:So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out the door.Matt:You didnt eat breakfast?Kevin:No,I didnt even brush my teeth or wash my face!But before I got to the bus stop,the bus had already left.Matt:Then how did you get here?Kevin:Luckily,Carls dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.Matt:Well,at least by the time you got to school,you were only five minutes late for class.Why were you late for class today,Kevin?My alarm clock didnt go off!.What do you know about these pictures?How about these pictures?3a Read the passage and answer the questions.1.Which two events does the writer mention?2.How did the writer end up missing both events?Life Is Full of the Unexpected In May 2001,I found a job in New York at the World Trade Center.On September 11,2001,I arrived at my building at around 8:30 a.m.I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my office.As I was waiting in line with other office workers,I heard a loud sound.Before I couldjoin the others outside to see what was goingon,the first plane had already hit my office building.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.I felt lucky to be alive.Almost 10 years later,I woke up at 10:00 a.m.on February 21,2011 and realized that my alarm never went off.I jumped out of bed and went straight to the airport.But by the time I got to the airport,my plane to New Zealand had already taken off.“This is the first holiday Ive taken in a year,and now I ve missed my plane.What bad luck!”I thought to myself.The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day.The next morning,I heard about the earthquake in New Zealand the day before.My bad luckHad unexpectedly turned into a good thing.1.Which two events does the writer mention?The writer mentions the September 11 attack in New York and the earthquake in New Zealand.2.How did the writer end up missing both events?The writer went to get a coffee first and was not in the office when the plane hit the World Trade Center.He/she had over slept and missed his/her flight,so he/she is able to avoid the earthquake.IncidentDatePlaceHow did the writer end up missing both events?12The World Trade Center was hit bya planeSeptember 11,2001In New YorkHe decided to get a coffee first from a coffee place two blocks away.EarthquakeFebruary 22,2011In New ZealandHe missed his planeto New Zealand.Language points1.Life is full of the unexpected.生活充满了生活充满了意外。意外。the unexpected 为名词化的形容词，意为为名词化的形容词，意为 “出乎意料的事出乎意料的事”。英语中，有些形容词英语中，有些形容词与定冠词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或事物，连用，表示一类人或事物，在句子中起名词的作用。在句子中起名词的作用。例：例：the homeless (无家可归者无家可归者)the disabled(残疾人残疾人)the unwanted(无人认领物品无人认领物品)(1)当名词化的形容词用作当名词化的形容词用作主语主语时，谓语动词时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于它们所表示的概念的单的单复数形式取决于它们所表示的概念的单复数情况。复数情况。多数情况下，表示一类人或物品多数情况下，表示一类人或物品时，谓语动词用复数；少数情况下，当指抽时，谓语动词用复数；少数情况下，当指抽象概念或不可数的物品及事件时，谓语动词象概念或不可数的物品及事件时，谓语动词用单数。用单数。例：例：The sick are always taken good care of in that hospital.在那家医院里病人们总是受到在那家医院里病人们总是受到很好的照顾。很好的照顾。(the sick=the sick people)(2)这种结构中的形容词虽已名词化，但其语言这种结构中的形容词虽已名词化，但其语言 行为仍具有极强的形容词特征，受到副词修饰行为仍具有极强的形容词特征，受到副词修饰 或具有比较的特征。或具有比较的特征。例：例：The severely disabled need full-time care.重重 度残疾人需要全天候拌护。度残疾人需要全天候拌护。He is spoiled,and always asks for the most expensive.他被惯坏了，总是嚷着要最贵的东西。他被惯坏了，总是嚷着要最贵的东西。(3)名词化的形容词前面一般用定冠词名词化的形容词前面一般用定冠词the.但但 若由若由and链接链接(两形容词往往为反义词），两形容词往往为反义词），成对的使用时，又通常被省略。成对的使用时，又通常被省略。例：例：He is popular with both young and old.老老少少都喜欢他。老老少少都喜欢他。It is said that the man was widely respected by both rich and poor.据说那个人颇收人尊敬，无论是穷人还据说那个人颇收人尊敬，无论是穷人还 是富人。是富人。2.By the time I got up,my brother _ already _ in the shower.我起床时，我起床时，我弟弟已经进入浴室了。我弟弟已经进入浴室了。“by the time”表示表示“当当/到到时时”，引导时，引导时间状语从句。如果从句中用了一般过去时，间状语从句。如果从句中用了一般过去时，主语中常用过去完成时；如果主句中用了主语中常用过去完成时；如果主句中用了将来时，从句中常用一般现在时表将来。将来时，从句中常用一般现在时表将来。例：例：By the time I got up,he had already left.当我起床时，他已经离开了。当我起床时，他已经离开了。He will be a teacher by the time he is twenty.到他二十岁时，他会成为一名教师。到他二十岁时，他会成为一名教师。by now 表示表示“到现在为止到现在为止”，通常，通常与与 现在完成时连用。现在完成时连用。例：例：By now I have collected 200 dolls.到现在为止，我已收集了二百个到现在为止，我已收集了二百个 布娃娃。布娃娃。3.When I got to school,I realized I _ _ my backpack at home.当我到学校时当我到学校时我意识到我把书包忘在家里了。我意识到我把书包忘在家里了。表示表示“把某物忘在某处把某物忘在某处”要用词组要用词组leave sth.+地点地点。forget意为意为“遗忘某物遗忘某物”，指忘记一件，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。例：例：I left my book on the desk.我把书忘在了桌我把书忘在了桌 子上。子上。I forgot my umbrella yesterday.我昨天忘了带伞。我昨天忘了带伞。4.My alarm clock didnt go off!我的闹钟没响。我的闹钟没响。go off 意为意为“发出响声发出响声”。例：例：Something was wrong with my alarm clock and it didnt go off.我的闹钟出毛病了，它没有响。我的闹钟出毛病了，它没有响。go by 意为意为“(时间时间)过去；消逝过去；消逝”。例：例：Time goes by second by second.时间一秒秒地消逝。时间一秒秒地消逝。go on 意为意为“继续继续”。例：例：Please go on working.请继续工作。请继续工作。5.Carls dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.Carl的爸爸在街上看到我，的爸爸在街上看到我，捎了我一程。捎了我一程。give sb.a lift 是动词短语，意为是动词短语，意为“捎某人一程捎某人一程”，相当于相当于give sb.a ride/give a ride to sb.例：例：Im a little late,can you give me a lift,dad?我要迟到了，你能捎我一程吗，爸爸？我要迟到了，你能捎我一程吗，爸爸？6.We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.我们难以我们难以 置信地看着燃烧的建筑物升起的黑烟。置信地看着燃烧的建筑物升起的黑烟。above 意为意为“在在之上之上”作介词作介词，意为，意为“在在上面；超过；优于上面；超过；优于”。例：例：The moon is now above the trees.月亮正位于树梢上。月亮正位于树梢上。They are children above six years old.他们是六岁以上的孩子。他们是六岁以上的孩子。In the company,Dick ranks above Tom.在公司里在公司里,迪克的地位比汤姆高。迪克的地位比汤姆高。作副词，意为作副词，意为“在上面在上面;(级别、数目等级别、数目等)更高更高;更大更大;更多；在上文更多；在上文”。例：例：There are snowy peaks above.上面是白雪皑皑的群峰。上面是白雪皑皑的群峰。Men and women of eighteen and above are eligible to vote.年龄在十八岁以上的男女有投票表决权。年龄在十八岁以上的男女有投票表决权。See the examples given above.见上述例子。见上述例子。above，on,over的用法的用法 aboveoverona.above的意思是的意思是“在在之上；高于之上；高于”，表表 示相对高度，不一定是在正上方，它的反示相对高度，不一定是在正上方，它的反 义词是义词是below.例：例：The plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上面飞行。飞机在云层上面飞行。b.over的意思是的意思是“在在之上之上”，表示在垂直，表示在垂直之之 上，其反义词是上，其反义词是under.例：例：There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。河上有座桥。c.on的意思是的意思是“在在上面上面”，表示与表面接，表示与表面接触。触。例：例：He put the book on the desk.他把书放在课桌上。他把书放在课桌上。(2)burn 动词，有两个基本意思。动词，有两个基本意思。燃烧；点燃；发光燃烧；点燃；发光 例：例：We burn coal to keep warm.我们烧煤取暖。我们烧煤取暖。烧伤；烧焦；烫伤；晒黑烧伤；烧焦；烫伤；晒黑例：例：The child got burnt while playing with fire.那小孩玩火时，把自己烧伤了。那小孩玩火时，把自己烧伤了。7.I felt lucky to be alive.我感到很幸运能活下来。我感到很幸运能活下来。alive(not dead)形容词，意为形容词，意为“活着的，活活着的，活 的的,有生命的，还出气的有生命的，还出气的”，可指人也可指物。，可指人也可指物。alive,living,live与与livelyalive活着的活着的,活的活的,有生有生命的命的,还出气的还出气的可指人也可可指人也可指物指物 表语表语,后置后置定语定语,宾补宾补 living 活着活着,尚在人间尚在人间,健健在的在的 指人或物指人或物定语或表语定语或表语live活着的，活生生的活着的，活生生的指物，不指指物，不指人人 定语定语lively 活泼的活泼的,活跃的活跃的,充充满生气的满生气的可指人，也可指人，也可指物可指物可指人，也可指人，也可指物可指物8.The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day.别的飞机也满员了，因此我不得别的飞机也满员了，因此我不得 不等到第二天。不等到第二天。till 意为意为“到，直到到，直到”，相当于，相当于until.用于肯定句时用于肯定句时,主句的动词只用延续性的，主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到它所表示的动作一直延续到till或或until表示的表示的 时间为止，意为时间为止，意为“直到直到为止为止”。例：例：She watched TV till her mother came back.她看电视直到她母亲回来。她看电视直到她母亲回来。用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续 性的，也可以是延续性的，它所表示的动性的，也可以是延续性的，它所表示的动作直到作直到till或或until所表示的时间才发生，意所表示的时间才发生，意为为“直到直到（才）（才）”。例：例：She didnt watch TV till her mother came back.直到她母亲回来她才（开始）看电视。直到她母亲回来她才（开始）看电视。3b Find words from the passage with opposite meanings to the words below.Then write a sentence with each word.1.lost:_ _ 2.west:_ _ foundeastI found the money on the floor.The sun rises in the east.3.below:_ _4.dead:_ _5.empty:_ _There was a large bird flying above us.aboveHis family was so happy to hear that he was still alive.alivefullThe train was so full that I couldnt get on at all.stare in disbelief take off unexpected burn above alive till/until arrive at be about to even though3c Retell one of the events to your partner.Use these words and phrases to help you.e.g.On September 11,2001,I arrived at my.Retell a story!Retell a story!练习题练习题一、单项选择一、单项选择1.-Why were you late this morning?-My alarm clock didnt _,so I overslept.A.go by B.go on C.go off D.go down2.When I got to the cinema,the movie _ for five minutes.A.began B.had begun C.had been on D.has been on CC3.She will be a nurse _ she graduates from the school.A.by the time B.at this time C.at that time D.at a time4.I _ this morning and missed the early bus.A.overslept B.slept C.held D.caught AA5.-Is his grandmother still _?-Yes,she is 102 years old!A.live B.living C.alive D.lively6.I didnt believe he could drive _ he told me.A.once B.while C.since D.till BD7.-Mark,you look so tired.-Oh,I worked _ it was 12 oclock last night.A.unless B.after C.till D.as 8.Teachers are often compared to _ candles.A.burnt B.is burning C.burns D.burning CD9.Miss Lee didnt _ our party because she forgot.A.show up B.come up C.get up D.take up 10.If you must go,at least wait _ the rain stops.A.unless B.till C.before D.for AB11.I dont like vegetables _ they are good for my health.A.because B.even though C.after all D.so that 12.Hurry up,Tom!The train is _ to start.A.about B.with C.for D.atBA13.-Boys and girls!Please _ your compositions after class.-Oh,my God!I _ it at home.A.hand in;forgot B.hand in;left C.hand out;forgot D.hand out;left14.Ice is not often seen here in winter as the temperature normally stays _ zero.A.up B.down C.above D.below BC二、根据汉语意思完成句子。二、根据汉语意思完成句子。1.当我到车站时，火车已经开走了。当我到车站时，火车已经开走了。_ _ _ I got to the station,the train _ _ left.2.长大后，他会离开这儿。长大后，他会离开这儿。He _ _ here by the time he _ up.3.他捎我去车站。他捎我去车站。He _ _ _ _ to the station.By the timehad alreadywill leavegrowsgave me a lift 4.有时，坏事可以变成好事。有时，坏事可以变成好事。A bad thing can be _ _ a good one sometimes.5.你知道飞机什么时间起飞吗？你知道飞机什么时间起飞吗？Do you know when the plane will _ _?6.房间里全是学生。房间里全是学生。The room _ _ _ students.turned intotakeoff is full ofHomework1.Make conversations with your partners to narrate past things using“by the time”.2.Master the words in this unit and pre-view next part.