现在完成时讲解通用课件用

Mother:John,clean your teeth please.John:Mum,I them.A young man：Im new here.What about you?An old man：I have lived here for sixty years.1.1.表示表示过去过去发生的某一动作对发生的某一动作对现在现在造成的影响或结果。造成的影响或结果。2.2.表示表示动作从动作从过去过去已经开始已经开始,并且一直并且一直持续到持续到现在现在的的动作或状态动作或状态。present(now)futurepast 现在完成时现在完成时(present perfect tense)do my homework 现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页have(hashave(has）+过去分词过去分词现在完成时的基本句型：现在完成时的基本句型：肯定式：肯定式：主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.疑问式：疑问式：助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?否定式否定式:主语+助动词have/has+not+动词的过去分词.现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法(1)-It-Its so dark.s so dark.-Someone has turned off the light.-Someone has turned off the light.(有人刚把灯关了有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑现在很黑)-Are you free?-I have finished my homework.I am free-I have finished my homework.I am free(我已我已经经完成了家庭作完成了家庭作业业,对现在造成的结果是很有空对现在造成的结果是很有空)1.1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。现在完成时的运用现在完成时的运用(1):(1):1在表示“过去过去发生的某一动作对发生的某一动作对现在现在造成的影响或结果造成的影响或结果”时，现在完成时常和副 already,yet,never,ever,before,just等连用。.a a）already already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强 调或加调或加强语气；强语气；yet yet 用于否定句和疑问句的句末，否定句后，是用于否定句和疑问句的句末，否定句后，是“还没还没”的意思；疑问句后，是的意思；疑问句后，是“已经已经”的意思。的意思。1.He has already left here.他已经离开这里了。2.Has he already left here?他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气）3.My teachers havent had breakfast yet.我的老师们还没有吃早饭。4.Have you written to your parents yet?你已经给你父母写过信了吗？b b）never never 是否定词，表示是否定词，表示“从来没有从来没有”，而，而ever ever 表表示示“曾经曾经”1.We have never been to the Great Wall.我们从来没有去过长城。2.Have you ever been to Canada?你们曾经去过加拿大吗？c c）justjust表示表示“刚刚刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与（用于完成时态时，与alreadyalready，never never 等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词have/hashave/has和动词过去分词之间）和动词过去分词之间）1.He has just come back.他刚刚回来。2.They have just finished the work.他们刚刚完成那项工作。2.2.表示表示动作动作过去过去已经开始已经开始,并且一直并且一直持续到持续到现在的动作或状态现在的动作或状态。上一页I have lived in Shandong for forty years.I have worked in the factory since five years ago.瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go,leave,join）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词 buy-have borrow-keep come/arrive/reach/get to-be in go out-be out leave-be away begin-be on finish-be over open-be open close-be closed die-be dead3.3.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的未有过的经历经历.上一页下一页I haveI have ever ever beenbeen to the Summer Palace?to the Summer Palace?(我曾去过颐和园我曾去过颐和园)I I havehave never never had had a car.a car.(我从未有过汽车。我从未有过汽车。)主菜单现在完成时的现在完成时的时间状语时间状语常与常与already,already,never,never,ever,ever,just,just,yet,yet,before,before,up to now,up to now,so far,so far,for the last few weeksfor the last few weeks these days,these days,since since for a long timefor a long time 连用连用上一页下一页主菜单have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to 意思是意思是“到过，去过到过，去过”，表示表示曾经到过某处曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。，但现在人不在那儿。have gone to 意思是意思是“去了去了”，表示，表示已已经去了经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。已在那儿了。have been in 意思是意思是“呆在某处一段时呆在某处一段时间了间了”上一页下一页主菜单 Has she ever been to Nanjing?Has she ever been to Nanjing?她曾去过南京吗？她曾去过南京吗？You have never been there,have you?You have never been there,have you?你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？你以前从未去过那儿，是吗？I have been to Guiling,I went there I have been to Guiling,I went there last year.last year.我去过桂林，我去年去的。我去过桂林，我去年去的。She has gone to Nanjing.She has gone to Nanjing.她已经去南京了。她已经去南京了。上一页下一页主菜单 与一般过去时的用法比较一一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，去的事情，;而一而一般过去时，则只般过去时，则只讲述讲述发生在过去的发生在过去的动作和事情动作和事情与现在没有关系与现在没有关系。上一页下一页主菜单eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。他已经买了一本英汉字典。He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他曾买过一本英汉字典。他曾买过一本英汉字典。上一页下一页第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has ithe still has it”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典现在他还有这本字典”。第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强 调说明。调说明。主菜单三常与一般过去时连用的典型的三常与一般过去时连用的典型的 表示过去时间的状语表示过去时间的状语:上一页下一页yesterday(yesterday(昨天昨天),the day before yesterday(),the day before yesterday(前天前天),),just now(just now(刚才刚才)，时间时间+ago,+ago,last+last+时间时间 等等;eg:The plane took off ten minutes ago.We finished our task last week.主菜单上一页主菜单动动 词词 填填 空：空：1._ you _(clean)the room?1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that Yes,we _(do)that alreadyalready.When _ you _(do)it?When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it We _(do)it an hour agoan hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film 2._ he _(see)this film yetyet?Yes.?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?When _ he _(see)it?He _ it He _ it last weeklast week.3.How many times _you_(be)there?3.How many times _you_(be)there?HaveHavecleanedcleanedhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavebeenbeen下一页上一页主菜单4.I _(read)the novel twice.It4.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.s interesting.5.She _(go)to Pairs,hasn5.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.t she?Yes.How _ she _(go)there?How _ she _(go)there?She _(go)there by air.She _(go)there by air.6.6.So farSo far,many countries _(develop),many countries _(develop)their software programs.their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking 7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last yearlast year.8.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking 8.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking since last yearsince last year.have readhave readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegavehas givenhas given下一页上一页主菜单用用Have been to,have gone to,have been in 填空填空1.1.Mike and his parents _ the north Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year.for half a year.2.2.Mum is not at home now.she _ the Mum is not at home now.she _ the shop.shop.3.3._ you ever _ to kunming?Never._ you ever _ to kunming?Never.4.4.Where _ you _ these days?Where _ you _ these days?5.5.Has Jim arrived yet?Has Jim arrived yet?Yes,he _ here for several days.Yes,he _ here for several days.6.6.Where is Peter?I dont know where he Where is Peter?I dont know where he _._.7.7.Hi Jim!Where _ you _?Li Lei Hi Jim!Where _ you _?Li Lei is looking for you.is looking for you.have been inhas gone tohave beenHave beenhas been has gonehave been下一页上一页主菜单1.The house is dirty.We _it for weeks.A didnt clean B hadnt cleaned C dont clean D havent cleaned2.-_the sports meeting might be put off.-Yes,it all depends on the weather.A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told3.-Im sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh,not at all.I _here only a few minutes.A have been B had been C was D will be 4.You dont need to describe her.I _ her several times.A.had met B have met C met D meet 5.-Will you go to Beijing for vacation?-I _ to go,but I dont know if I can go.A was planning B have planned C had been planning D have been planning 6.-When will they leave?-They _very soon.A do leave B are leaving C have left D leave 7-Was he studying for an exam?-Yes,hes _ it last week.A doing B to take C making D to give8.The teacher told the pupils that the earth _ round.A is B would C was D were9.She _ such an interesting book before.A was never reading B will never read C had never read D has never read 10.How long do you think the meeting _ A is lasting B is lasted C will last D lasts、翻译下列句子：、翻译下列句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.我刚刚丢了我的语文书。我刚刚丢了我的语文书。3.我以前从来没去过那个公园。我以前从来没去过那个公园。4.他已经吃过午饭了。他已经吃过午饭了。5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？你已经看过这部电影了吗？6.我哥哥还没回来。我哥哥还没回来。7.我自从上星期看过这部电影。我自从上星期看过这部电影。8.自从自从1992年他住在这里。年他住在这里。9.这本字典我已买了三年了。这本字典我已买了三年了。10.他离开中国三年了他离开中国三年了 1.Have you eatten fish and french frise?2.I have lost my Chinese book.3 I have never been to that park.4.He has already had lunch.5 Have you seen this movie yet?6 My brother has not returned.7 I have seen this movie since last week.8 He has lived here since 1992.9 I have had this dictionary for three years.10 He has been away China for three years.