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语法知识专项语法知识专项 陈述句陈述句 与感叹句与感叹句知识点一知识点一 陈述句陈述句 所谓陈述句，就是用来说明事实或陈述看法的句子。从对意义的肯定与否来讲，又分为肯定句和否定句。如：(1)He is writing a letter now.他现在正在写信。(2)She doesnt like any birds.她不喜欢小鸟。1肯定句肯定陈述句就是对某种事实、看法加以肯定。它必须具备主语和谓语两个基本部分。为了使陈述的事实或内容更加完整、详细，在陈述句中还需要用上表示时间、地点、方式等的状语，通常情况下，时间、地点和方式状语放在句末。若同时出现这三种状语，排列。顺序为方式、地点和时间。如：(1)He likes watching TV in the evening.他喜欢在晚上看电视。(2)We are walking by the river.我们正在河边散步。(3)Sam goes to school by car.萨姆坐车去上学。(4)We listened to the teacher carefully in the classroom in the morning.上午我们在教室里认真听老师讲课。What does your sister like doing in her spare time?She _ watching TV.AlikesBliked Chas liked Dhad liked2否定句(1)直接加not构成否定句若肯定句中含有be动词、助动词或情词，只须在其后加not即可把肯定句变为否定如：She isnt a worker.她不是一名工人。They havent finished their work yet.他们还没完成他们的工作。She cant sing English songs.她不会唱英文歌。We wont visit the farm next week.下周我们不去参观农场。(2)需要借助于助动词构成否定句 如果句子的谓语是行为动词，在一般现在时中，在行为动词前加dont 或doesnt，在一般过去时中，在行为动词前加didnt 构成否定句。如：He gets up early.He doesnt get up early.They play basketball every afternoon.They dont play basketball every afternoon.He studied at that school three years ago.He didnt study at that school three years ago.I _(not go)to bed until my mother came back at ten last night.(3)由little,few,hardly,never等构成否定句 little(几乎没有),few(几乎没有),hardly(几乎不),never(从不),seldom(很少),no(没有)等属于否定词，可构成否定句。如：We have little time.Hurry up!我们几乎没有时间了，快点！There are few people on the island.岛上几乎没有人。They seldom watch TV.他们很少看电视。There were hardly sheep on the hills.山上几乎没有羊。Ive never been to England.我从来没有去过英国。He has no sisters or brothers.他没有兄弟姐妹。(4)两者之间的全部否定和部分否定 两者之间的全部否定用neither.nor.或neither of.；部分否定用“both.not”。如：Neither Tom nor I am right.汤姆和我都不对。Neither of us can speak Chinese.我俩都不会说汉语。Both of them dont like swimming.他们俩并非都喜欢游泳。(5)三者或三者以上的全部否定和部分否定 三者以上的全部否定用none,nothing,nobody,no one 等；部分否定使用all,many,everyone 等加not构成。如：None of the people are workers.这些人都不是工人。Nothing can stop him now.现在没有什么能够阻止他。Nobody has been there before.以前没有人去过那儿。Not all are ours.并非所有的都是我们的。Not many students like singing.并非很多学生都喜欢唱歌。Not everyone is right.并非人人都是正确的。_ more,and youll improve your spoken English.ASpeakBSpeaks CSpeaking DTo speak 知识点二知识点二 感叹句感叹句 感叹句就是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的感叹句就是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。感叹句一般以句子。感叹句一般以what或或how开头，句末开头，句末加感叹号加感叹号“！”。what修饰名词，修饰名词，how修饰修饰形容词、副词或动词。其主要句型为：形容词、副词或动词。其主要句型为：1以以what 开头的感叹句开头的感叹句(1)Whata(an)形容词单数可数名词或形容词单数可数名词或What不可数名词如：不可数名词如：What fun!多好玩啊！多好玩啊！What a beautiful flower(it is)!多好看的多好看的一朵花啊！一朵花啊！(2)What形容词复数名词(不可数名词)主语谓语如：What delicious milk(it is)!多么可口的牛奶啊！What good students they are!他们是多好的学生啊！2以how开头的感叹句(1)How形容词(副词)主语谓语如：How beautiful she is!她真漂亮！(强调形容词)How fast he is running!他跑得多快啊！(2)How主语谓语如：How time flies!时间过得真快！How I wish to meet him soon!我多么希望马上就见到他啊！_ exciting the news is!AWhat BWhat an CHow DHow an 3特殊形式的感叹句(1)在陈述句或疑问句句末加感叹号，表示某种强烈的感情。如：He is a careful man!他多么细心！Have you ever seen such an amazing movie before!你以前看过这么神奇的电影吗！(2)用词或词组表示的感叹句。如：Wonderful!妙极了！Good idea!好主意！Exercises 1Mary got good grades in school._ excited she is!AWhat BWhat a CHow DHow a 2_ people visit the 2010 Shanghai World Expo every day?About 300,000.AHow many BHow much CHow long DHow often 3Excuse me,_is the way to the nearest supermarket?Awhere Bwhich Cwhy Dwho 4_ is it from your home to the shopping mall?About fifteen minutes ride.AHow long BHow far CHow often DHow much 5Our hometown is more beautiful than before,_？Aisnt it Bis it Cdoesnt it Ddoes it 6Can you give me some information about Paris?Sorry,I _ to Paris,so I know nothing about it.Adont travel Bwont travel Chavent traveled Dhadnt traveled 7_ won the 100th gold medal at the Olympics for China?Zhang Yining.Shes from Beijing.AWho BWhat CWhen DWhere 8_ are you talking about?Something about the summer vacation.AWhat BWhere CWhy DHow 9He didnt go to the lecture this morning,did he?_，though he was not feeling very well.ANo,he didnt BYes,he did CNo,he did DYes,he didnt 10.Dad,do you like my picture?_！Its the nicest one Ive ever seen!AWhat beautiful BHow careful CHow wonderful DWhat wonderful picture 11Nice to meet you,Mike._？Everything is OK.Thanks.AWhat are you doing BWhen have you been CHow is it going DWhats wrong with you 12_ do you make a banana milk shake?Peel the banana first and blend it with milk.AWhat BWhen CHow DWhere 13_ interesting book it is！I want to read it again.AWhat an BHow an CWhat DHow 14Hes fed the dog and the cat,_？Adoesnt he Bisnt he Cwasnt he Dhasnt he 15Susan stays alone in the classroom and looks sad._ to her?AWhat happens BWhat has happened CWhat is happening DWhat was happening 16_ do you visit your uncle?Once a week,at least.AHow long BHow many CHow often DHow soon 17_ yogurt do you need?Three cups.AHow long BHow far CHow many DHow much 18_ beautiful day it is!Lets go and have a picnic in the park.Good idea!AHow BHow a CWhat DWhat a 19_ do you want _ for a party?Lets ask Peter for advice.He knows all the parks in this city.AWhat;to buy BWhere;to go CHow;to start DWhere;to get 20Millions of people know about Susan Boyle now,_？_，she becomes wellknown because of her success on Britains Got Talent.Ado they;No Bdo they;Yes Cdont they;No Ddont they;Yes 21_ will the supper be ready？Im very hungry.In a minute.AHow soon BHow long CHow much DHow often 22_ you _ your drawing?Not yet!It will be done in a few minutes.ADid;finishBWill;finish CDo;finish DHave;finished 23_ do you have an art festival in your school?Once a year.AHow oftenBHow manyCHow soon 24How long have you prepared for the art festival?_.ASince April BIn April CBefore April DLast April 25_ do you look so athletic?Because I exercise at least five days a week.AWhereBWhenCWhyDHow 26I hear Yang Yan made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday._，and _.ASo she did;so did I BSo did she;so I did CSo she was;so I was DSo was she;so I was 27Here is a ticket to the magic show,Jason.Wow!_ gift it is!Its my favorite.AWhat a delicious BWhat a nice CHow nice DHow delicious 28_ wide the streets are!AWhatBHowCWhat a 29His father likes going hiking._.ASo does his mother BSo is his mother CSo his mother is DSo his mother does 30_ is it from here to the railway station?About ten kilometres.AHow far BHow fast CHow soon DHow often
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