英语B级资料

没有词汇基础，任何听读写译技巧皆是空中楼阁过级必备词汇和词组形容词boring无聊的 interesting有趣的 exciting令人兴奋的 inspiring令人鼓舞的 successful成功的 wonderful精彩的，绝妙的grateful感激的 helpful有用的，有益的 careful仔细的 careless粗心的 satisfied满足的，满意的 satisfactory令人满意的fixed固定的 suitable合适的 reliable可靠的 responsible负责任的 reasonable合理的comfortable舒适的 available 可用的 flexible 灵活的 downtown 市中心的local 当地的 national国家的 international国际的 commercial 商业的special 特别的 attractive迷人的,吸引人的 immediate 立即的 urgent 紧急的effective有效的 efficient 高效率的 polite 有礼貌的 difficult 困难的 convenient 方便的 exact 确切的 simple简单的 limited 有限的automatic 自动的 obvious 显然的 various 各种各样的 regular 规则的，普通的 名词audience 观众，听众 assistant 助理 customer 顾客，客户 manager 经理 employee 员工，雇员 employer 雇主 engineer 工程师 passenger 乘客 guide 向导；导游 guest 客人 patient病人 reporter 记者salesman 推销员；售货员 secretary 秘书 tourist 游客 candidate 候选人 applicant 申请人 location 位置 position 位置；职位 country 国家company 公司 department 部门；系 hotel 宾馆 restaurant 饭店 destination 目的地network （关系，人际，互联）网 website 网站 government 政府 region 地区 zone 地区 area 地区 district 地域 field 领域,田地interview 面试；采访 resume 简历 system 系统；体制 research 研究 experience经验，经历 experiment 实验 comment 评论 advertisement 广告document 文件achievement成就 argument 争论 appointment 预约，约定degree 等级；学位program 节目，程序 project 计划，设计 belt 皮带 career 职业fare 费用 charge 费用 cost 成本 expense 花费 fee 费用 air-conditioner 空调 flight 航班 service 服务 traffic 交通 success 成功 value 价值profit 利润 benefit 利益,好处 advantage优点 disadvantage缺点wage 工资 salary 工资 concern 关心 button 按钮 measure 措施；量 purpose 目的 task 任务 technology 技术 factor 因素behavior 行为 insurance 保险opportunity 机遇 performance 表现；表演 effort 努力response 反应 calculator 计算器 conference 大会 security 安全 facility设施discussion讨论 information信息 impression印象 fashion时尚 function 功能；作用invitation邀请 application申请 organization组织 transportation交通运输 construction 建设 situation 状况；形势 tradition传统direction方向；指示 instruction 说明书 communication通讯；沟通 decision决定 solution解决办法 动词affect 影响 attend 参加 apply 申请，应用 attract 吸引 avoid 避免 adjust 调整 arrange 安排 apologize 道歉 argue 争论 achieve 达到 confirm 确认 create 创造cancel 取消 challenge 挑战 check 检查 depend 依靠，依赖dial 拨打 discuss 讨论 establish 建立 exchange 交换，交流expect 期待 express 表达 focus 集中 fulfill 实现 graduate 毕业employ 雇佣 hire 雇佣 fire 炒鱿鱼 hesitate 犹豫 improve 提高，完善 import 进口 export 出口 imagine想象 invite 邀请 invest 投资involve包含，涉及到 influence 影响 inform 通知，告诉 operate操作 offer 主动提供 obtain 获得 order订货，命令 rely 依赖 purchase 购买predict预测 protect 保护 prevent 防止 promote 促进;晋升 recommend 推荐remove 除去 raise筹集;养 rent 租 risk 冒险 replace 取代 request 请求，要求 require 要求 repair 修理 prepare 准备 solve 解决 serve 服务 stress 强调 seek 寻找，寻求 settle 解决 spread 扩散，散布 support 支持 succeed 成功 survey 调查 train 培训词汇自测形容词wonderful successful grateful helpful careful careless urgent satisfactorysuitable responsible reasonable comfortable available reliable flexible automatic polite difficult convenient regular downtown fixed attractive immediatenational international commercial special local satisfied simple limitedboring interesting exciting inspiring exact effective efficient obvious various名词fare charge cost expense fee degree program insurance website concernexperiment comment advertisement document achievement argument appointment audience assistant customer response performance discussion information impression discussion exhibition invitation application organization transportation construction situation tradition solution function fashion direction instruction communication decision zone area district field secretary tourist wage measure button value profit benefit candidate applicant career security effort facility calculator employee employer engineer guest guide manager passenger patient reporter salesman opportunity purpose location country company department hotel factor behavior position restaurant network destination website government region technology interview resume system research experience belt advantage disadvantage airconditioner flight service traffic success task conference salary动词affect attend apply attract avoid adjust arrange apologize argue achieve confirm create cancel challenge check depend dial discuss establish exchange expect express focus fulfill hire fire travel train settle spread support seek succeed survey graduate stress hesitate improve import export imagine invite invest involve influence inform operate offer obtain order reply protect prevent purchase promote predict recommend raise remove rent risk replace request require repair prepare solve serve 一、 听力技巧1. Section A一般疑问句 回答Are you Yes, I am。Do you Yes, I do.Did you Yes， I did。Have you Yes， I have. /Not yet.Will you Yes, I will。/No, I wont.Is this/that Yes， it is。Are these/those Yes, they are.Is there Yes， there is。Are there Yes， there are.特殊疑问句When/What time 时间Where 地点How often Everyday。 / Once a week. /Twice a monthHow long 时间段What do you think of 表示观点的形容词日常对话May I/Can I Go ahead。 Certainly。/Sure. /Of course/ No problem.Would /Could you please Certainly./Sure。 /Of course/ No problem.Whats the weather like? Its sunny/rainy/snowy/cloudyWhat do you think of sb. He is patient/polite/nice/kindHow are you doing/How are you getting on? Not bad. / Quite good.Im sorry。 Never mind。 /Thats all right。Would you like to Yes， Id like/love to.征求意见： How about doing Good idea。How do you likeWhich do you preferWould you mind No， of course not。Would you like Yes， Id love to。/Yes， please。/ No， thanks.2. Section B听前预测，边听边看选项，听到的内容打钩。速记要点,抓住关键3. Section C浏览听力短文掌握短文大意，猜测与主题相关的英语表达。第一次听的时候可填每个空的前两个字母，第二次听补充完整，第三次听检查拼写.语法词汇1. 时态语态时态 意义及例句一般现在时（动词原形，-s)1 表习惯或经常做的动作2 在状语从句中用一般现在时的形式表示将来I will tell him the news as soon as he comes。 If it rains tomorrow， I wont go. If it doesnt rain tomorrow， I will go。一般过去时(-ed）1. 表过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态Your phone number again? I didnt catch it. Have you sent for the doctor？ Sorry, I forgot all about it.2. 表过去某段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态现在（过去）进行时(be doing)1. 表示动作正处于进行状态中Tom cut his finger when he was cooking.2. 表即将发生的动作He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.现在完成时(have ed)1。 表示“已完成，对现在仍有影响Have you seen my pen?2。 表示“未完成，过去的动作一直持续到现在并继续持续下去, 常与for,since 连用 They have been married for ten years. He has lived in Beijing since he was a child.3. 句型：This is the first time I have met Tom。 This is the best film I have ever seen。过去完成时（had ed）1. 两个动作都是过去的时候，先发生的用过去完成时When we arrived， the meeting had begun. I found the book I had lost。2。 与by +过去的时间连用 By the end of last term we had learned 3000 English words.3. 句型：Hardly had + 主语 + ed + when = No sooner had + 主语 + -ed + than 刚就 Hardly had I gone out when it began to rain.一般将来时（will do；be going to do)表示将要发生的动作或情况.常与next week， next month， next year等连用I will come unless it rains.过去将来时（would do；was/were going to do）以过去某个时间为立足点即将发生的动作He said he would raise the question at the meeting.被动语态：be + 过去分词(ed）考点：主语+ will/wont, if/when/as soon as/until/unless主语+do/does We will go there if it doesnt rain tomorrow. If it rains tomorrow， I will go。 ed, _-ed， /had -ed_Next week, next month， next year will do1. I _ at 130kilometres per hour when the policeman stopped me.A。 had driven B. have driven C. drive D。 was driving2. She didnt receive the application form； it _ to the wrong address.A。 sent B. be sent C. was sent D. being sent3. This article is well written because special attention _ to the choice and style of writing。A。 had been paid B. has been paid C。 will be paid D. will have been paid4。 We wont be able to leave the office until the rain _。A。 will stop B. stops C. stopped D。 is stopping5。 Most of the machines in the workshop _ next month.A。 are repaired B。 have been repaired C。 were repaired D. will be repaired6. We are pleased to learn that problem （solve） _ at yesterdays meeting.7。 This picture （take) _ by a young reporter in Beijing last month。8。 David will go on holiday as soon as he （finish) _ the project。9. Next week we （sign)_ the sales contract with the new supplier.10。 Hardly had we gathered in the square when it (begin) _ to rain。2. 非谓语动词宾语Admit, allow, finish, delay, enjoy, mind， consider, practice， suggest, look forward to等后只能接动名词,介词后亦接动名词The book is worth reading.I look forward to hearing from you.表语泛指;“令人”(物做主）e.g。 The film is moving.“觉得（人做主）e。g. We were excited at the news.定语1. 表功能作用 sleeping car，swimming pool2. “令人”修饰物 exciting game3. 表主动、进行的状态sleeping boy； The man standing at the door is our new teacher。 The station being built now will be one of the largest in China.1. “觉得”修饰人excited people2. 表被动、完成的状态developed country ； fallen leaves; The station built last year will be one of the largest in China。状语逻辑主语是句中主语,与句子主语是主动关系Seeing nobody at home， she decided to leave them a note。 When crossing the street， he came across an old friend. Having finished the task, he went home。逻辑主语是句中主语，与句子主语是被动关系 Given more time， we could do it better. The teacher came in, followed by a few students.宾补与宾语是主动关系；表进行状态I found him listening to the radio.I saw the house being built。与宾语是被动关系； 表已完成 I had my hair cut yesterday。 Because of my poor English， I am afraid I cant make myself understood。不定式的用法：1. 表具体的行为或将来e。g. To see is to believe。句型：It is adj. for/of sb to do sth.It is of great importance for us to finish this task on time. It is very kind of you to help us。2。 绝大部分及物动词都是带不定式作宾语I cant decide which one to buy。Would like to do=feel like doing3. 不定式作定语1）表将来 The station to be built next year will be one of the largest in China.2）通常在序数词、形容词最高级、the last，the only 等修饰的名词后作定语He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 4. 不定式作宾补 ask sb. To do sthFeel, see, hear, have， make sb. do sth非谓语动词考点doing 主动；物做主语，“令人 ed 被动； 人做主语，“觉得“to do 表目的或将来介词in, at， for ,about ， before, after， worth, without +doingIts +形容词/名词 +to do sth。1。 She told us briefly about how they succeeded in _ the new product.A. develop B。 developed C。 to develop D. developing2. We talked for more than three hours without _ a cup of tea.A. to have B。 have C. having D。 had3。 Customers consider location as the first factor when _ a decision about buying a house。 A。 make B. made C. to make D。 making4。 The general manager sat there， _ to the report from each department.A。 to listen B。 listen C。 being listened D。 listening5。 Price is not the only thing customer consider before _ what to buy.A. deciding B. decided C. to decide D。 having decided6. Did you have any difficulties （get) _ a visa to Japan？7。 Give the application to the man （sit) _ at the desk.8. I wondered why the boy often avoided （talk） _ with his classmates.9. On hearing the good news, we all got （excite） _。10。 The manager didnt allow him (take) _ his holiday.11. Please remember (lock） _ the door when you leave。12. Going abroad to have a holiday will be an （excite） _ experience for us.13. The problem (discuss） _ at the meeting yesterday had not been solved yet。14。 The hotel, （build） _ 100 years ago， still looks new。15。 It took me several weeks to get used to （drive) _ on the left side in London。16。 No student is supposed (spend） _ so much money in school in a week。17。 I asked him not (say) _ anything about our contract until the end of the month。18. Some American businessmen in China are spending a lot of time in （learn） _ Chinese。3。 虚拟语气谓语形式用法Should +动词原形1. 在一坚持（insist）二命令(order,demand)三建议（suggest，propose，recommend）四要求（ask，require，request，demand）后的宾语从句中及含以上词或派生词的从句中，should可省掉It is suggested that the meeting （should) be put off.2. It is time that sb。 should do sth. 某人该做should不能省It is time that you should get up.Were 型1. 在wish，would rather(宁愿），as if（好象）, it is time that后的从句中，用过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟，过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟I wish I were as strong as you. I would rather you came tomorrow.2. 用于条件从句中（见下表）虚拟时间从句主句例句过去过去完成时wouldmight +have edcouldIf you had come earlier， you would have met him. 现在过去式wouldmight + 原形couldWe would go with you if we had time。将来过去式或Should/were to +动词原形If it should rain， the crops would be saved.虚拟语气考点Its time 主语+ -ed as if主语+ edIf 主语+had ed, 主语+ would have ed在一坚持（insist）二命令（order，demand）三建议（suggest,propose,recommend）四要求（ask，require，request，demand）后的宾语从句中及含以上词或派生词的从句中,should可省掉 should +动词原型It is suggested that the meeting (should） be put off.1. We demand that the tour guide (tell） _ us immediately about any change in the schedule。2. If the team members hadnt helped me, I （fail） _ in the last experiment.3. I suggested he (call) _ on the director a week later.4. If I (not drink） _ so much coffee yesterday afternoon， I would have been able to sleep well last night.5. The boss insisted that Mr. Copper (give) _ up his experiment at once.6. If I hadnt driven the car yesterday, I （avoid) _ the accident.7. Xiaoli speaks English in a way as if she （be) _ an American。8. He talked as if he (do) _ all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of it。9. The chairman required that every speaker (limit) _ himself to fifteen minutes。10. The doctor recommended that Mary （start) _ the health program as soon as possible.4。 动词词组1. set up；set out；set off；set about（1) set up 建立政权、组织、国家等The government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse政府已成立工作组调查毒品泛滥问题.（2） set out set off出发；动身They set out for Beijing yesterday他们昨天动身去北京。2. take charge of; take care of； take off（1) take charge of 负责；掌管 He took charge of the farm after his fathers death. 父亲去世后,他掌管了农场。(2） take care of = look after Hes old enough to take care enough to take care of himself。 他已经不小了，能照顾自己了.（3) take off 起飞；脱(衣服,鞋子等）3。 hand in；hand over;hand out (1） hand in “把交上来” 、“交给”、“递交Time is upHand in your examination papers时间到了,请把试卷交上来.（3) hand over “转交”或“移送”The thief was handed over to the police小偷已被移送到公安机关了。（4) hand out “散发When I got to the classroom the teacher had already begun handing out the test papers。我赶到教室时，老师已开始分发试卷了。4。 get on; get off； get up； get through（1) get on相处；进展；登上（汽车,火车）Get on well with sb. = get along well with sb。 和某人相处得很好（2) get off 下车（3) get up 起床(4) get through 顺利通过（考试等）；打通（电话）She got all the students through the exam. 她帮助她所有的学生顺利通过了考试。I tried calling you several times but I couldnt get through。 我试着给你打了几次电话，但都没打通。5. turn up； turn down； turn on； turn off； turn out（1） turn up 调大声;出现 We arranged to meet at 7， but she never turned up. 我们约好7点见面的，但是她根本没露面。（2) turn down 调小声；拒绝 She turned down my invitation.(3) turn on 开（电视，风扇等）= switch on(4) turn off 关（电视，风扇等）= switch off(5） turn out 结果 The job turned out to be harder than we thought.结果,这工作比我们想象的还要难。6. put on; put off; put forward; put up; put out； put up with(1） put on 穿;上演 （performance)（2) put off 推迟 He keeps putting off going to the dentist.他把看牙医的事一拖再拖.(3）put forward 提出，提议，建议Put forward a plan/suggestion 提出计划、建议(4)put up 张贴； 建立Put up a notice, poster/building， tent 张贴通知、海报；盖楼房,搭帐篷(5）put out 扑灭Put out a candle, cigarette, fire(6)put up with 忍受 = stand， bear, tolerateIm not going to put up with their smoking any longer.7. look after； look into; look down upon; look forward to(1） look after 照顾 = take care of（2) look into 调查(3) look down upon 看不起(4)look forward to 盼望 I look forward to hearing from you.8. bring in； bring about； bring up(1） bring in 赚（钱) His work brings him 20000 a year.（2） bring about 导致 What brought about the change in his attitude？（3)bring up 抚养,养育 She brought up five children。9. give up； pick up; come up with(1） give up 放弃 give up smoking（2） pick up 捡起来；开车接某人；偶然学会（语言，技能，习惯）Ill pick you up at 5 o clock. She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico。(3）come up with 想出，找到（主意，答案，一笔钱）She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.10. have sb. do sth。;have sb。sth。 doing sth；have sth. done（1） have sb. do sth为“使（让、请）某人做某事”之意,其中作宾补的不带to的不定式只表示发生过某事.The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father士兵们让男孩背对着父亲站着。(2） have sb。sth。 doing sth为“让某人(某事）一直做某事”之意,其中作宾补的现在分词表示保持或一直存在的状态。Although the farm is large，my dad has only two men working for him虽然农场大，但我爸爸只雇了两人为他（一直）干活。（3） have sth. done 有两层含义和用法： 让他人为自己做某事.Ill have a new suit made of this cloth 某人（或某物）遭受不幸。He had his handbag stolen练习1。 The big IT company will _ a new research center in the city.A。 set up B. break up C. get up D。 turn up2. They had to give up the plan because they had _ money。A。 come up to B. got along with C。 run out of D. taken chare of3. The department manager _ a new plan to promote sales at the meeting.A。 took away B。 put forward C. looked after D。 got on4。 The work seemed easy at first but it _ to be quite difficult。A. broke out B. turned out C. worked out D。 set out5. There was a heavy fog this morning, so none of the planes could _.A。 get through B。 take off C. pull out D. break down6。 I was late for the interview because the bus _ on the way to London。A。 got off B。 brought in C. kept off D。 broke down7. The boss told his secretary to _ the documents for later use。A。 put away B. turn on C. make up D。 break out8。 The police are _ the traffic accident that happened yesterday。A。 looking down upon B。 looking forward to C. looking into D。 looking after词性转换 P61be + 形容词a， an, the + 名词形容词 + 名词主语+谓语动词（deepen， widen, strengthen， enable， enlarge)to + 动词原形副词（ly)修饰动词、形容词、副词,可放句首（Suddenly, Luckily, Unfortunately）形容词 al national, practical tive attractiv