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,Symbols of Culture,Unit 1,NEW HORIZON ENGLISH COURSES,Book Two,Unit 1,Symbols of Culture,1 Around the Topic,2 Section A,3 Section B,4 Section C,Leading in,Exploring the Topic,Plus Activities,Warming-up,Text A,Exercises,Background Information,Reading Through,Exercises,Related Knowledge,Sample Reading,Exercises,Useful Terms,When talking about the symbols of American culture, probably we will never leave out McDonalds and Disney. McDonalds is the worlds leading fast food service retailer. Nowadays, it has more than 30,000 restaurants in over 100 countries serving millions of customers each day. That explains why the tearing down of the first McDonalds restaurant had caused such a big stir in the minds of many Americans.,And, according to most Americans, Disney Mirrors American Culture. There are so many products with the Disney brand: films, books, songs, TV shows and records. There are even Disney hotels and Disney stores. Americans may have mixed feelings about Disney, but even those who strongly oppose it are Disney customers themselves.,Nowadays, not only McDonalds but also some other fast food restaurants are getting more and more popular. Why is it so? Lets do a survey.,Work in pairs and ask each other the following questions while checking () the answers and providing your own in the blanks. Please notice that the questions are open-ended with no right or wrong answers.,1 Whats your favorite fast food restaurant?,My favorite is _.,My partners favorite is _.,McDonalds KFC Pizza Hut,McDonalds KFC Pizza Hut,2 Why do you think many Chinese people like to go to McDonalds or KFC?,I think its because My partner thinks _ . its because _. the food there is served fast and thus time is saved the food there is great the food is clean it is cheap it is different from a Chinese restaurant and gives an exotic (异国情调的) feeling one can learn something about American culture,Directions: You will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and answer the following questions.,1. Why do people react when a historic building is about to be destroyed?,2. What are the typical symbols of American culture?,key,key,Suggested answer: People react in this case just because such a Building serves as a symbol of culture, and may remind people of what has happened in history there. When it is torn down, peoples memory about the past is destroyed at the same time.,Suggested answer: Every nation is blessed with its own unique cultural symbols. The United States of America is no exception. So far as I know, there are some famous symbols of American culture, such as the Statue of Liberty, Uncle Sam, Disneyland, the McDonalds Restaurant and so on. These symbols reflect American culture.,Return,Listen and answer the following questions,3. Whats your favorite fast food restaurant?,4. Why do you think many Chinese people like McDonalds or KFC?,key,key,Suggested answer: As China is opening its door to the outside world, many foreign fast food restaurants have found their way into China and are getting more and more popularity. But if it is left to me to choose, my first choice would be the McDonalds.,Return,Suggested answer: To my way of thinking, many people Choose to go to the McDonalds or KFC for the following reasons. First of all, food is served fast and thus time is saved. Besides, it is different from a Chinese restaurant and gives a foreign feeling to people who never have a chance to go abroad. Moreover, people can learn something about American culture. So “Dont dismiss the dish saying that it is just, simply food. The blessing thing is an entire civilization in itself.”,Return,The First McDonalds Restaurant,Section A:,Xiaoqi is traveling in America. One day, he steps into McDonalds, but he doesnt know the English names of the food he wants. Can you help him? Look at the pictures below, and try to name them in English.,Here is a McDonalds menu in English and Chinese. Did you manage to help Xiaoqi get the right food?,Chocolate Sundae,Big Mac,Chicken McNuggets,Spicy Chicken Wings,Strawberry Shake,Large Fries Medium Fries Small Fries,Background Information,McDonalds is the worlds largest restaurant corporation with more than 30,000 restaurants in 119 countries serving 68 million customers each day.,McDonalds,In the United States, there are more than 5,000 McDonalds restaurants. It serves some of its favorite foodsworld-famous French fries, Chicken McNuggets (大鸡块) and so on. The largest McDonalds restaurant is located in Beijing, China. This restaurant has 1,000 employees. Also, up to 700 customers can sit and eat in this restaurant at one time.,Raymond Albert Kroc was the founder of the McDonalds Corporation. Brothers Mac and Dick McDonald opened the first fast food restaurant called McDonalds in 1953 in Downey, California.,Ray Kroc,In 1955, Kroc, a milkshake (奶昔) salesman went to visit the restaurant. He saw the potential of this fast food business and thus persuaded the brothers to sell the name to him. In this way, Kroc opened the first store of the McDonalds Corporation in 1955 in Illinois. Kroc died in the 1980s.,In 1953, the McDonald brothersDick and Macdeveloped a new idea for their restaurant. The brothers called their idea a drive-in restaurant, and customers could order food from their cars. The restaurant also cut down on the number of choices on the menu, so the cooks could make the food very quickly. The restaurant specialized in making hamburgers, French fries, and chocolate shakes. In 1955, Ray Kroc visited the restaurant and offered to buy the rights to the two brothers idea. The two brothers agreed, and the McDonalds restaurant chain was born.,Dick and Mac McDonald,Even though the first McDonalds restaurant sold only hamburgers and French fries, it still became a cultural symbol. Now, in the Southern California city of Downey, people are trying to save the first McDonalds restaurant in history. McDonalds, though, says the building should be torn down.,Para. 1,虽说第一家麦当劳餐馆只售汉堡包和薯条，它还是成为了一种文化象征。如今，在加州南部唐尼市，人们正努力保住历史上第一家麦当劳餐馆。然而，麦当劳却称这幢房子应该拆掉。,The First McDonalds Restaurant,Many people have good memories of that old McDonalds. These people are angry that the building is now in danger of being destroyed, along with their memories.,Built in 1953, the restaurant in Downey, California, is the oldest of all the Golden Arches in America, and has the earliest McDonalds building design.,Para. 2-3,坐落于加州唐尼的这家餐馆建于1953年，是美国所有带双拱形金色标志的建筑中历史最久的，它的设计也是麦当劳最早的建筑设计。 许多人对那家老餐馆有着美好的回忆。这些人想到餐馆连同他们美好的回忆一起将被摧毁，感到很气愤。,Para. 4-5,McDonalds explains that the building was damaged in an earthquake, and therefore needs to be torn down. Many people in the town of Downey dont agree with this line of thinking, though. 麦当劳方面解释说，那家老店在一次地震中遭到损坏，因此必须拆掉。不过，唐尼的许多人却不同意这种说法。 One woman says, “I think its terrible. They are using the earthquake as an excuse. Its a big lie.” 有位女士说：“我认为这件事太可怕了。他们在利用那次地震作借口。这是一个极大的谎言。”,Another Downey resident remarks, “I am so upset. They dont respect the public at all. They havent even tried. They could do some small repairs and make it a good restaurant again.”,Para. 6,另一位唐尼市居民说：“我非常难过。他们一点也不尊重公众的意见，甚至都没试着这样做。他们可以稍加修理，使它再成为一家好餐馆。”,麦当劳的经理们说餐馆设在那个位置一直在亏本。那儿没有地方可以开辟“免下车外卖窗口”，里面也没有地方安排座位。他们说，那次地震后这个餐馆就没办法修了。不过那些经理们想在其他位置按原餐馆再仿造一家。,McDonalds managers say the restaurant is losing money at that location. There is no room for a drive-thru window, or for seating inside. After the earthquake, they say it was impossible to fix. The managers want to build a copy of this building at another location instead.,Para. 7,Building inspectors, on the other hand, say that the structure can be repaired, but that it will be expensive. Many people say that McDonalds can certainly afford to pay that amount. Some think that McDonalds real reason for wanting to close down the restaurant has nothing to do with money.,Para. 8,但是房屋检查人员说该建筑是可以修理的，不过费用很高。许多人说这个费用麦当劳当然承受得起。有人认为麦当劳想关闭这家餐馆的真正原因与金钱无关。,Modern McDonalds restaurants often have a sign claiming that a man named Ray Kroc opened the first McDonalds restaurant in Illinois in 1955. The truth, however, is that Mr. Kroc actually learned the fast food business from Dick and Mac McDonald in Downey. Later, Mr. Kroc bought their restaurants. Thus, many people in Downey think McDonalds is trying to change history, though the company denies this.,Para. 9,现代的麦当劳餐馆常常有一个牌子，声称有个叫雷克罗克的男人于1955年在伊利诺伊州创办了首家麦当劳餐馆。然而事实是，克罗克先生的快餐生意实际上是从唐尼市的迪克麦当劳和麦克麦当劳那里学来的。后来克罗克先生买下了他们的餐馆。因此，尽管公司竭力否认，唐尼镇的许多人还是认为麦当劳是想篡改历史。,To local historians, this explanation makes total sense. One historian said,“We should not rewrite the past. Ray Kroc did not invent McDonalds. The McDonald brothers did.”,Para. 10,在当地的历史学家看来，这种解释颇有道理。有位历史学家说：“历史不容篡改。雷克罗克没有创建麦当劳。创建麦当劳的是麦氏兄弟。”,These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places so that the city of Downey will be able to stop McDonalds from tearing the building down. The McDonalds managers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure.,这些天来，一群历史学家希望将该处建筑列入国家历史文物保护单位名册，这样，唐尼镇就能使麦当劳免遭拆除。麦当劳的经理们非常恼火，因而将房屋弃置一旁。,Para. 11,Everyone hopes that the McDonalds managers and the people of Downey will soon find peace. The building is still there, but boards cover the windows. Even so, people drive by to remember their McDonalds, taking pictures of a moment in history before it gets taken away.,Para. 12,人人都希望麦当劳经理们与唐尼的居民很快达成一致。房子仍在，但窗子用木板封了起来。即便如此，人们仍开车前来纪念他们的麦当劳，想抢在它被拆除前拍照留念，留下历史上的珍贵一刻。,Even though the first McDonalds restaurant sold only hamburgers and French fries, it still became a cultural symbol.,Meaning:,In spite of the fact that the first McDonalds restaurant served only two kinds of food: hamburgers and French fries, it still became a symbol that represents the American culture.,McDonalds, though, says the building should be torn down.,McDonalds, however, says that the building should be pulled down.,Meaning:,. in the Southern California city of Downey.,Meaning:,. in Downey, a city in the south of California.,Built in 1953, the restaurant. is the oldest of all the Golden Arches in America.,Since the restaurant was built in 1953, it is the oldest among all the McDonalds restaurants with the logo of the Golden Arches in America.,Meaning:,. the building is now in danger of being destroyed, along with their memories.,The first McDonalds restaurant is now facing the possibility of being torn down. Together with the disappearance of the building, peoples good memories about it would be ruined too.,Meaning:,McDonalds explains that the building was damaged in an earthquake.,McDonalds tells people that the building was destroyed in an earthquake and thus is not useful anymore.,Meaning:,Many people in the town of Downey dont agree with this line of thinking, though.,But many Downey people dont share McDonalds view that the building was destroyed and thus needs to be torn down.,Meaning:,Another Downey resident remarks.,Another person who lives in Downey says.,They dont care at all about how people in general think and feel about this matter.,They dont respect the public at all.,Meaning:,Meaning:,McDonalds managers say the restaurant is losing money at that location.,McDonalds managers say the restaurant is doing business at a loss at that place.,Meaning:,Meaning:,There is no room for a drive-thru window, or for seating inside.,There is no space where people can buy food without getting out of their car. Nor is there space for people to sit and eat inside.,Meaning:,The managers want to build a copy of this building at another location instead.,Instead of fixing the restaurant, the managers want to build at another place another restaurant that looks exactly the same as the old one.,Meaning:,Building inspectors, on the other hand, say that the structure can be repaired, but that it will be expensive.,However, officials who inspect buildings say that it is possible to fix the building, but they also say that the repair will cost a lot of money.,Many people say that McDonalds can certainly afford to pay that amount.,Meaning:,Many people say that the McDonalds company is no doubt able to pay the money to fix the restaurant.,Meaning:,Some think that McDonalds real reason for wanting to close down the restaurant has nothing to do with money.,Some people believe that McDonalds wants to stop the restaurants business forever, not because they dont have money to repair the restaurant, but for other reasons.,Meaning:,. a sign claiming that a man named Ray Kroc opened the first McDonalds restaurant in Illinois in 1955.,. a notice saying that a man called Ray Kroc started the first McDonalds restaurant in Illinois in 1955.,The truth, however, is that Mr. Kroc actually learned the fast food business from Dick and Mac McDonald in Downey.,Meaning:,The fact is that Mr. Kroc in fact learned how to do fast food business from the two brothers who lived in Downey: Dick and Mac McDonald.,. though the company denies this.,Meaning:,. although the company declares it is not true.,Meaning:,To local historians, this explanation makes total sense.,To those who study the history of this region, this saying is reasonable.,One historian said, “ We should not rewrite the past.”,One historian said, “We should respect our history and should not change the past .”,Meaning:,These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places.,Meaning:,Recently, some historians try together to put the old restaurant onto the list of the National Register of Historic Places, which includes Buildings that are significant in American history.,The McDonald brothers did.,Meaning:,Dick and Mac McDonald started McDonalds.,Meaning:,. so that the city of Downey will be able to stop McDonalds from tearing the building down.,. so that the city of Downey can prevent the restaurant from being torn down.,The McDonalds managers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure.,Meaning:,The McDonalds managers are very unhappy. They have left the building empty and do not take care of it any more.,Meaning:,Everyone hopes that the McDonalds managers and the people of Downey will soon find peace.,All hope that McDonalds managers and Downey residents will find a peaceful way to solve the problem.,. but boards cover the windows.,Meaning:,. but the windows of the restaurant are covered with flat pieces of wood.,Meaning:,Even so, people drive by to remember their McDonalds, taking pictures of a moment in history before it gets taken away.,Although the windows of the restaurant are covered with boards, people still stop by to visit their McDonalds when driving past it. They take pictures to record a time in history before the restaurant is gone.,Main Idea,People in Downey and the McDonalds hold different opinions about how to deal with the first McDonalds restaurant. On the one hand, the residents in Downey think the building should be saved because it is a cultural symbol and gives them good memories. On the other hand, the McDonalds says the building should be torn down for two main reasons. But some people in Downey as well as some local historians think that these are just excuses for changing the history. In spite of this, everyone hopes the people of Downey and the McDonalds will soon find peace.,Structure,New words,hamburger fry cultural symbol southern arch danger destroy damage earthquake resident,public location drive-thru inspector structure afford amount claim actually deny local,historian explanation rewrite national register historic abandon peace board moment,Phrases and expressions,tear down,in danger of,agree with,line of thinking,can afford to do,close down,have nothing to do with,make sense,stop someone from doing something,even so,take away,n. (chips BrE ) (usually plural ) (also French fries) a long thin piece of potato that has been cooked in hot oil 炸薯条 e.g. The child likes to eat fries a lot. 这个小孩很喜欢吃炸薯条。 v. cook or be cooked in hot fat or oil 炸；煎 e.g. She fried two eggs for her breakfast. 她煎了两个鸡蛋做早餐。 e.g. The small steak will fry soon. 小块牛排很快就能炸好。,cultural adj. relating to the culture of a particular group, country or society 文化（上）的 cultural differences 文化差异 cultural diversity 文化多样性 cultural identity 文化认同 cultural life 文化生活 cultural tradition 文化传统 e.g. Most parents believe that cultural education is very important. 大多数父母认为文化教育非常重要。,fry,n. C a person, an object etc. that represents a more general quality or situation 象征；标志（物） e.g. The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。,Practice :,在西方文化中，白色一直是纯洁的象征。,In Western cultures, white has always been a symbol of purity.,symbol,adj. of or belonging to the south of the world or of a country 南方的；属于南方的 e.g. Its rather difficult to understand him; He speaks English with a southern accent. 理解他相当难，他说英语有南方口音。,southern,佛罗里达州在美国的南部。,Florida is a state in the southern part of the United States.,Practice :,adv. (not used at the beginning of a clause) in spite of the fact; nevertheless 可是；然而；不过 e.g. He is a lazy student. Theres no reason, though, to drive him out of the classroom. 他是个懒学生，不过，也没理由把他赶出教室。,Practice :,许多人说老板很严厉，我倒不这么认为。,Many people say the boss is too strict. I dont think so, though.,though,n. C something with a curved top and straight sides 圆拱；拱形物 e.g. His house is very unusual with an arch roof. 他的房子有个拱形屋顶，因此很特别。,桥的拱门宽达12 米。,The arch of the bridge reaches over 12 meters.,arch,Practice :,danger n. 危险,Expressions,e.g. John should have been aware of the danger of smoking to his health. 约翰本该知道吸烟对健康的危害.,警察在值勤的每分钟都可能遇到危险。,A policeman could meet with danger any minute of his working day.,Practice :,in danger of 处于危险之中,e.g. The trees in the forest have been cut down in such great numbers that the forest is in danger of disappearing. 森林的树木被大量砍伐，因此面临消失的威胁。,美国和印度的科学家说，喜马拉雅山数百万人面临着大地震的威胁。,Millions of people in the Himalayas are in danger of big earthquakes, according to scientists in the US and India.,Practice :,destroy n. 破坏；毁坏,Expressions,e.g. Our main task was to destroy the enemys airport. 我们的主要任务是摧毁敌人的机场。,建造大坝会破坏动植物的生存环境。,The building of large dams can destroy the environment for animals and plants.,Practice :,n. the process of spoiling the condition or quality of something and the harm or loss that results 毁坏；损害 e.g. The storm caused great damage to the small village. 那场暴风雨给小村子带来了巨大的破坏。,v. cause damage to 毁坏；损害 e.g. We just managed to put the fire out before it damaged the house. 我们抢在房子被烧毁之前将火扑灭了。,damage,Practice,1. 史密斯太太看到孩子们把她的花糟蹋得不成样子， 非常生气。,Mrs. Smith was very angry when she saw the damage done by the kids to her flowers.,2. 有人提出，电脑甚至可能严重影响学生学习，因 为 人们可能把太多的时间花在电脑游戏上。,Some suggest that computers can even damage students learning: Students may spend too much time on computer games.,damage,Practice :,earthquake n. C a violent shaking of the earth 地震 e.g. It was difficult to know how many people had been affected in the earthquake. 很难知道有多少人受到这次地震的影响。,Practice :,2008 年5月12 日，中国四川省的汶川县发生了大地震。,On May 12, 2008, a big earthquake hit Wenchuan County in Sichuan Province of China.,n. C a person who lives in a place 居民；定居者 e.g. Hes a resident of the United States. 他定居在美国。 adj. living (in a place) 居住（在某地）的 e.g. I went into the police station and in less than two hours received my “resident permit”. 我走进警察局，不到两小时，就拿到了我的居住证。,resident,本旅馆只对住客供餐。,This hotel serves meals to residents only.,Practice :,n. (the ) people in general 公众；大众；民众 e.g. At last, the president admitted his fault to the public. 总统最后终于向公众认错了。,adj. 1) for the use of everyone; not private 公共的；公用的 e.g. There is no public bathroom in this area. 这一带没有公共浴室。 2) of, for or concerning people in general 公众（事务） 的 e.g. The public image is very important to a politician. 对于政客来讲，公众形象非常重要。,public,Practice,public,1. 公众关心的是物价是否会上涨。,What the public concerns is if there will be a rise in price.,2. 这个城市的居民可以免费乘坐公共交通工具。,People in this city can use their public transpor
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