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六级2021年6月 12021年6月大学英语六级考试真题（一）Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions： For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the graph below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the graph and comment on Chinas achievements in urbanization. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part Iuopiapldodueqm JoListening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation，you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard1. A) He is going to leave his present job.B) He is going to attend a job interview.C) He will meet his new manager in two weeks.D) He will tell the management how he really feels.2. A) It should be carefully analyzed.C) It can be quite useful to senior managers.B) It should be kept private.D) It can improve interviewees5 job prospects.3. A) It may do harm to his fellow employees.B) It may displease his immediate superiors.C) It may adversely affect his future career prospects.D) It may leave a negative impression on the interviewer.4. A) Pour out his frustrations on a rate-your-employer website.B) Network with his close friends to find a better employer.C) Do some practice for the exit interview.D) Prepare a comprehensive exit report.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) Her career as a botanist.B) Her latest documentary.6. A) She was caught in a hurricane.B) She had to live like a vegetarian.7. A) They could no longer bear the humidity.B) They had no more food in the canoe.8. A) It was memorable.B) It was unbearable.C) Her month-long expedition.D) Her unsuccessful journey.C) She suffered from water shortage.D) She had to endure many hardshipsC) A flood was approaching.D) A hurricane was coming.C) It was fruitful.D) It was uneventful.Section BQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. 9. A) It ensures the accuracy of their arguments.B) It diminishes laymens interest in science.10. A) They will see the complexity of science.B) They feel great respect towards scientists.11. A) Explain all the jargon terms.B) Do away with jargon terms.C) It hurts laymens dignity and self-esteem.D) It makes their expressions more explicit.C) They tend to disbelieve the actual science.D) They can learn to communicate with scientistsC) Find appropriate topics.D) Stimulate their interest.Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage， you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) There were oil deposits below a local gassy hill.B) The erupting gas might endanger local children.C) There was oil leakage along the Gulf Coast.D) The local gassy hill might start a huge fire.13. A) The massive gas underground.B) Their lack of the needed skill.14. A) It was not as effective as he claimed.B) It rendered many oil workers jobless.15. A) It ruined the states cotton and beef industries.B) It totally destroyed the states rural landscape.C) Their lack of suitable tools.D) The sand under the hill.C) It gave birth to the oil drilling industry.D) It was not popularized until years later.C) It resulted in an oil surplus all over the world.D) It radically transformed the states economy.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) Insufficient motivation.B) Tough regulations.17. A) Ineffective training.B) Toxic company culture.C) Unsuitable jobs.D) Bad managers.C) Overburdening of managers.D) Lack of regular evaluation.18. A) It was based only on the perspective of employees.B) It provided meaningful clues to solving the problem.C) It was conducted from frontline managers5 point of view.D) It collected feedback from both employers and employees.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) It is expanding at an accelerating speed.C) It is yielding an unprecedented profit.B) It is bringing prosperity to the region.D) It is seeing an automation revolution.20. A) It creates a lot of new jobs.B) It exhausts resources sooner.C) It causes conflicts between employers and employees.D) It calls for the retraining of unskilled mining workers.21. A) They will wait to see its effect.C) They accept it with reservations.B) They welcome it with open arms.D) They are strongly opposed to it.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) They have experienced a gradual decline since the year of 2017.B) Their annual death rate is about twice that of the global average.C) They kill more people than any infectious disease.D) Their cost to the nations economy is incalculable.23. A) They are not as reliable as claimed.B) They rise and fall from year to year.C) They dont reflect the changes in individual countries.D) They show a difference between rich and poor nations.24. A) Many of them are investing heavily in infrastructure.B) Many of them have seen a decline in road-death rates.C) Many of them are following the example set by Thailand.D) Many of them have increasing numbers of cars on the road.25. A) Foster better driving behavior,C) Provide better training for drivers.B) Abolish all outdated traffic rules.D) Impose heavier penalties on speeding.Part HReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A new study has drawn a bleak picture of cultural inclusiveness reflected in the childrens literature available in Australia. Dr. Helen Adam from Edith Cowan Universitys School of Education 26 the cultural diversity of childrens books. She examined the books 27 in the kindergarten rooms of four day-care centers in Western Australia. Just 18 percent of 2,413 books in the total collection contained any28 of nonwhite people. Minority cultures were often featured in stereotypical or tokenistic ways, for example, by 29 Asian culture with chopsticks and traditional dress. Characters that did represent a minority culture usually had 30 roles in the books. The main characters were mostly Caucasian. This causes concern as it can lead to an impression that whiteness is of greater value.Dr. Adam said children formed impressions about sdifference and identity from a very young age. Evidence has shown they develop own-race 31 from as young as three months of age. The books we share with young children can be a valuable opportunity to develop childrens understanding of themselves and others. Books can also allow children to see diversity. They discover both similarities and differences between themselves and others. This can help develop understanding, acceptance and 32 of diversity.Census data has shown Australians come from more than 200 countries. They speak over 300 languages at home* Additionally, Australians belong to more than 100 different religious groups. They also work in more than 1,000 different occupations. “Australia is a multicultural society. The current 33 promotion of white middle-class ideas and lifestyles risks 34 children from minority groups. This can give white middle-class children a sense of 35 or privilege,Dr. Adam said，A) alienatingF) investigatedK) secondaryB) appreciationG) overwhelmingL) superiorityC) biasH) portrayingM) temperamentD) fraudI) representationN) tentativeE) housedJ) safeguardedO) thresholdSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it，Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once . Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Marconi Gave Us the Wireless WorldA) A hundred years before iconic figures like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs permeated our lives, an Irish- Italian inventor laid the foundation of the communication explosion of the 21st century, GuglielmoMarconi was arguably the first truly global figure in modern communication. Not only was he the first to communicate globally, he was the first to think globally about communication. Marconi may not have been the greatest inventor of his time, but more than anyone else, he brought about a fundamental shift in the way we communicate.B) Todays globally networked media and communication system has its origins in the 19th century, when, for the first time，messages were sent electronically across great distances. The telegraph, the telephone, and radio were the obvious predecessors of the Internet? iPods, and mobile phones. What made the link from then to now was the development of wireless communication. Marconi was the first to develop and perfect this system? using the recently-discovered “air waves” that make up the electromagnetic spectrum.C) Between 1896, when he applied for his first patent in England at the age of 22，and his death in Italy in 1937，Marconi was at the center of every major innovation in electronic communication. He was also a skilled and sophisticated organizer, an entrepreneurial innovator, who mastered the use of corporate strategy, media relations, government lobbying, international diplomacy, patents, and prosecution. Marconi was really interested in only one thing： the extension of mobile, personal, longdistance communication to the ends of the earth (and beyond? if we can believe some reports). Some like to refer to him as a genius, but if there was any genius to Marconi it was this vision.D) In 1901 he succeeded in signaling across the Atlantic, from the west coast of England to Newfoundland in the USA, despite the claims of science that it could not be done. In 1924 he convinced the British government to encircle the world with a chain of wireless stations using the latest technology that he had devised, shortwave radio* There are some who say Marconi lost his edge when commercial broadcasting came alongi he didn?t see that radio could or should be used to frivolous (无聊的)ends.In one of his last public speeches, a radio broadcast to the United States in March 1937, he deplored that broadcasting had become a one-way means of communication and foresaw it moving in another 六级2021年6月 4direction, toward communication as a means of exchange. That was visionary genius.E) Marconis career was devoted to making wireless communication happen cheaply, efficiently, smoothly，and with an elegance that would appear to be intuitive and uncomplicated to the useruser- friendly, if you will. There is a direct connection from Marconi to todays social media, search engines, and program streaming that can best be summed up by an admittedly provocative exclamation: the 20th century did not exist. In a sense, Marconis vision jumped from his time to our own.F) Marconi invented the idea of global communicationor, more straightforwardly, globally networked, mobile, wireless communication. Initially, this was wireless Morse code telegraphy (电报通讯)，the principal communication technology of his day. Marconi was the first to develop a practical method for wireless telegraphy using radio waves. He borrowed technical details from many sources, but what set him apart was a self-confident vision of the power of communication technology on the one hand, and, on the other，of the steps that needed to be taken to consolidate his own position as a player in that field. Tracing Marconis lifeline leads us into the story of modern communication itself. There were other important figures, but Marconi towered over them all in reach, power, and influence, as well as in the grip he had on the popular imagination of his time. Marconi was quite simply the central figure in the emergence of a modern understanding of communication.G) In his lifetime, Marconi foresaw the development of television and the fax machine, GPS, radar, and the portable hand-held telephone. Two months before he died, newspapers were reporting that he was working on a “death ray，” and that he had akilled a rat with an intricate device at a distance of three feet.” By then, anything Marconi said or did was newsworthy. Stock prices rose or sank according to his pronouncements. If Marconi said he thought it might rain, there was likely to be a run on umbrellas.H) Marconis biography is also a story about choices and the motivations behind them. At one level, Marconi could be fiercely autonomous and independent of the constraints of his own social class. On another scale, he was a perpetual outsider. Wherever he went, he was never “of” the group； he was always the “other，” considered foreign in Britain, British in Italy, and “not American” in the United States. At the same time, he also suffered tremendously from a need for acceptance that drove, and sometimes stained, every one of his relationships.I) Marconi placed a permanent stamp on the way we live. He was the first person to imagine a practical application for the wireless spectrum, and to develop it successfully into a global communication systemin both terms of the word； that is，worldwide and all-inclusive. He was able to do this because of a combination of factorsmost important, timing and opportunitybut the single-mindedness and determination with which he carried out his self-imposed mission was fundamentally character-based； millions of Marconis contemporaries had the same class, gender, race, and colonial privilege as he, but only a handful did anything with it. Marconi needed to achieve the goal that was set in his mind as an adolescent; by the time he reached adulthood，he understood，intuitively，that in order to have an impact he had to both develop an independent economic base and align himself with political power. Disciplined, uncritical loyalty to political power became his compass for the choices he had to make.J) At the same time, Marconi was uncompromisingly independent intellectually. Shortly after Marconfs death，the nuclear physicist Enrico Fermisoon to be the developer of the Manhattan Projectwrote that Marconi proved that theory and experimentation were complementary features of progress. aExperience can rarely, unless guided by a theoretical concept, arrive at results of any great significance. .on the other hand, an excessive trust in theoretical conviction would have prevented Marconi from persisting in experiments which were destined to bring about a revolution in the technique of radio-communications.w In other words, Marconi had the advantage of not being burdened by preconceived assumptions.六级2021年6月 5K) The most controversial aspect of Marconis lifeand the reason why there has been no satisfying biography of Marconi until nowwas his uncritical embrace of Benito Mussolini. At first this was not problematic for him. But as the regressive (倒i昆白勺)nature of Mussolinis regime became clear, he began to suffer a crisis of conscience. However, after a lifetime of moving within the circles of power, he was unable to break with authority, and served Mussolini faithfully (as president of Italys national research council and royal academy, as well as a member of the Fascist Grand Council) until the day he diedconvenientlyin 1937, shortly before he would have had to take a stand in the conflict that consumed a world that he had, in part, created.36. Marconi was central to our present-day understanding of communication.37. As an adult, Marconi had an intuition that he had to be loyal to politicians in order to be influential.38. Marconi disapproved of the use of wireless communication for commercial broadcasting.39. Marconis example demonstrates that theoretical concepts and experiments complement each other in making progress in science and technology.40. Marconis real interest lay in the development of worldwide wireless communication.41. Marconi spent his whole life making wireless communication simple to use.42. Because of his long-time connection with people in power, Marconi was unable to cut himself off from the fascist regime in Italy.43. In his later years, Marconi exerted a tremendous influence on all aspects of peoples life.44. What connected the 19th century and our present time was the development of wireless communication.45. Despite his autonomy, Marconi felt alienated and suffered from a lack of acceptance.Section CDirections： There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Humans are fascinated by the source of their failings and virtues. This preoccupation inevitably leads to an old debate: whether nature or nurture moulds us more. A revolution in genetics has poised this as a modern political question about the character of our society： if personalities are hard-wired into our genes, what can governments do to help us? It feels morally questionable, yet claims of genetic selection by intelligence are making headlines.This is down to “hereditarian” (遗传论的)science and a recent paper claimed “differences in exam performance between pupils attending selective and non-selective schools mirror the genetic differences between them”. With such an assertion, the work was predictably greeted by a lot of absurd claims about wgenetics determining academic success”. What the research revealed was the rather less surprising result: the educational benefits of selective schools largely disappear once pupils5 inborn ability and socioeconomic background were taken into account. It is a glimpse of the blindingly obviousand theres nothing to back strongly either a hereditary or environmental argument.Yet the paper does say children are w unintentionally genetically selectedw by the school system. Central to hereditarian science is a tall claim： that identifiable variations in genetic sequences can predict an individuafs aptness to learn, reason and solve problems. This is problematic on many levels. A teacher could not seriously tell a parent their child has a low genetic tendency to study when external factors clearly exist. Unlike-minded academics say the inheritability of human tra
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