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UNIT ONE1. Globalization is the actual movement or potential to move across borders of nations in areas of trade, investment, technology, finance and labor.全球化在贸易、投资、科技、金融和劳务这些领域是一个潜在正在发生的跨越国界的趋势。2. Globalization has resulted in increasing financial flows and trade between countries, as each country tries to establish itself into the global economy. 因为每一个国家都尝试纳入到全球化经济体系中去，全球化导致了各个国家资金流动，贸易的不断增加。3. The WTO is the main multilateral trading agreement, which provides a forum for countries to promote free trade and resolve trade disputes.世界贸易组织是一个主要的多边贸易协定，它为各国提供了一个讨论的场所旨在促进自由贸易，解决贸易争端的论坛。4. OPEC used its control to artificially raise the oil prices in its member countries in 1973.在1973年，石油输出国组织人为的通过成员国抬高了油价。5. The countrys economy has emerged from recession for the reason that the government adopted some flexible policies.因为政府采取了一些灵活得政策，所以这个国家从经济萧条中走出来了。UNIT TWO1. The computer makes possible a marvelous leap in human proficiency; it pulls down the fences around the practical and even the theoretical intelligence.计算机使得人类得熟练程度有了一个巨大的飞跃（提升），它突破了束缚实践智能，甚至是理论智能上的一些障碍2. Electronic brains can reduce the profusion of dead ends involved in vital research. But they cant eliminate the foolishness and decay that come from the unexamined life.电脑可以减少在重大研究中大量的死胡同（困境），但是它们不能消除未经检验的生活带来的愚蠢和腐朽。3. Give me a good fruitful error, full of seeds, bursting with its own corrections. You can keep your sterile truth for yourself.给我一个内容丰富的错误，充满希望的种子，包含自我更正，可以把贫瘠的真理留给自己。4. The biggest single need in computer technology is not for increased speed, or enlarged capacity, or prolonged memory, or reduced size, but for better questions and better use of the answers.对于计算机技术，唯一的要求不是提高速度，不是扩大容量，延长记忆，或者缩小体积，而是为了更好的提出问题，更好的利用这些问题的答案。5. A poet, said Aristotle, has the advantage of expressing the universal; the specialist expresses only the particular.亚里士多德说，诗人的优势是表达共性，而专家表现的仅仅是某个特性。UNIT THREE1. The sinking price makes a huge difference in West Africa, where more than 10 million people depend directly on cotton to pay for food, school fee and housing.日益降低的价格对西非造成了巨大的影响，在那里，超过1000万的人直接依靠棉花来支付食物、学费和住房。2. The round of talks collapsed after developing countries refused to open the door to their service industries until they got a favorable deal on agriculture.发展中国家除非在农业上能够获得优惠待遇，否则他们拒绝开放本国的服务行业，因此几轮会谈均已失败告终。3. West African cotton growers should have been thriving, but the subsidies U.S. cotton farmers receive help destroy any advantage West Africas farmers have.西非的棉花种植户本应兴旺发达，但美国棉农所获得的补贴却破坏了西非农民的任何优势。4. Brazil, now the worlds second biggest cotton exporter after the U.S., last year won a WTO ruling that Washingtons cotton subsidies unfairly distorted world trade.巴西现在是仅次于美国的世界第二大棉花出口国。去年，世贸组织裁定华盛顿的棉花补贴不公平地扭曲了世界贸易。5. Paradoxically, America would lose the high-paying jobs in health care but still become wealthier.矛盾的是，美国将失去在医疗保健方面的高薪工作，但仍会变得更富有。UNIT FOUR1. The war for talent is at its fiercest in high-tech industries. The arrival of an aggressive new superpowerGooglehas made it bloodier still.人才争夺战在高科技产业中最为激烈。一个新的超级强大的超级谷歌的到来让它变得更加血腥。2. Other companies employ “talent” as a synonym for the entire workforce, a definition so broad as to be meaningless.其它的公司用人才这个词来指代整个劳动力，这样的定义过于宽泛而显得没有意义。3. Nor does stocking up on talent seem to protect companies from getting it spectacularly wrong.对人才储备的囤积不能够避免公司陷入大错特错的境地。4. Whereas in manufacturing industries a decline in ethical standards is often slow, in talent-intensive ones it can be terrifyingly sudden.相比于制造业中道德标准缓慢的下降，在密集产业中这一标准下降是猝不及防的。5. Competition for talent offer many benefitsfrom boosting productivity to increasing opportunities, from promoting job satisfaction to supercharging scientific advances. 对人才的竞争提供了许多好处从提高工作效率到增加机会，从提升工作满意度到提高科学进步。UNIT FIVE1. Like so many things American-made, the hallowed M.B.A. is now facing stiff competition in the form of cheaper and shorter business degrees.就像许多美国制造的东西一样，这个神圣的MBA现在面临着激烈的竞争，以更廉价和更短的商业学位。2. In overseas presence, Wharton is noticeably lagging behind its U.S. competitors. Many either have partnerships with foreign schools or operate their own campuses abroad.在海外市场上，Wharton明显落后于美国的竞争对手。许多人要么与外国学校建立伙伴关系，要么在国外经营自己的校园。3. According to the Graduate Management Admission Council, which administers the GMAT, 81% of the 3,710 new graduate management programs introduced worldwide in the last ten years showed up outside North America.管理GMAT的研究生入学管理委员会表示，在过去十年中，在全球范围内推出的3,710项新研究生管理课程中，有81%都出现在北美以外的地区。 4. The global challenge especially confronts the nations oldest B-school, the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School of Business, ranked number five on our list of U.S. business schools.美国最古老的商学院宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院在美国商学院排行榜上名列第五，这一全球性挑战尤为突出。 5. The multinational companies rushing into those hot spots are quite happy to hire an M.B.A graduating from a program of 12 to 18 months, as opposed to the two years for a full-time M.B.A from a U.S. school.那些涌入这些热点地区的跨国公司非常乐意雇佣一名MBA。毕业于一项为期12至18个月的课程，而不是来自美国的一所学校的两年全日制的MBA。UNIT SEVEN1. That each managers job be given the broadest possible scope and authority is nothing but a rephrasing of the rule that decisions be pushed down as far as possible and taken as close as possible to the action to which they apply.把每一个经理的职责范围和权力尽可能扩大到最大限度，这不过是换一种说法来讲这样一条规则；决定要尽可能的向下贯彻，要尽可能接近这项决定所牵涉的行动。2. The firing-line manager is, so to speak, the gene of organization in which all higher organs are prefigured and out of which they are developed.所以说，第一线的管理人员是有机体的基因，这个有机体的所有高级器官都在这里形成了他们的雏形，都是从这里发育成长的。3. It is only elementary prudence, for instance, not to allow any manager to make by himself and without reviewing a decision on the career and future of one of his subordinates.例如，任何经理不得不经研究就擅自对他的一个下级的事业和前途作出决定，这是起码的谨慎态度。4. All authority not expressly and in writing reserved to higher management is granted to lower management.所有不明确的书面的更高的管理权力机构被授予更低的管理部门。5. Every manager has the task of contributing what his superiors unit needs to attain its objectives. This is indeed his first duty. From it he derives the objectives of his own job.每个经理都有责任义务为他的上级单位需要达到的目标做出贡献。这的确是他的第一要务。从他的工作中，他得到了自己的工作目标。UNIT EIGHT1. Starbucks has been so successful, it may seem unassailable, untouchable，unavoidable. Its not. In fact, the company has had a very difficult year.星巴克一直是如此成功，它似乎无懈可击，不可触摸，不可废除的。它不是。事实上，这家公司度过了非常艰难的一年。2. But perhaps most hurtful have been the mounting complaints from customers, employees and even Schultz himself that in its pursuit of growth, the company has strayed too far from its roots.但也许最令人伤心的是来自顾客、员工甚至舒尔茨本人的抱怨，在追求增长的过程中，公司已经偏离了自己的根本太远了。3. Theyve designed a plan to yank Starbucks focus from gaining efficiency and appeasing Wall Street back to selling exemplary coffee with the kind of service and ambiance that makes a $4 latte worth the price.他们设计了一个计划，把星巴克的注意力从获得效率和安抚华尔街，转向销售具有服务和氛围的咖啡，这种咖啡的价格相当于4美元的拿铁咖啡的价格。
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