计算机专业英语复习资料

计算机专业英语复习资料1、 that the processor is the “intelligence” of a computer system; (p1) 处理器是计算机智能系统2、 In 1965,when he first set out what we now call Moores Law,Gordon Moore said the number of components that could be packed onto an integrated circuit would double every year or so(later amended to 18 months). (P17) 在1965年，戈登穆尔说，可以将很多的零部件装载在一个集成电路元件中，这样的话就可以每年都翻倍，这也就是他第一次提出摩尔定律（后来修订为18个月）3-43、 This multicore processor plugs directly into a single socket on the motherboard. (P18)这种多内核处理器直接插入主板上的一个单一的插座。4、 Multicore processors are especially well suited to tasks that have operations that can be divided up into separate thread and run in parallel. (P18)多核处理器特别适合那些可以分成单线程和并行运行的任务操作。5、 640*480 means that the screen consists of 640 columns by 480 rows of pixels. (P36)640480表示屏幕由640列480行的像素组成。6-76、 However, they also are bulky, fragile, and consume a great deal of power. (p37)然而，他们也都是笨重的，脆弱的，并且消耗大量的电力。7、 These much slimmer alternatives to CRTs are called flat-panel displays. (P37)他们是如此的微小替代了CRT称为平板显示器。8-98、 In a parallel interface, these are multiple lines connecting the I/O module and the periphera. (P44)在并行接口中，这些都是多线连接的I/O模块及周围。9、 In serialinter face, there is only one line used to transmit data,and bits must be transmitted one at a time. (P44)在串行接口中，他们是只有一条线应用于传输数据和位，且都只能传输一次。10-1110、 The serial interface is more common for printers and terminals. (P44)串行接口是更常见于打印机和终端。11、 Most computers have at most two serial ports, and they are very slow in most cases. (P45)大部分的计算机都至少有两个串行端口，而且他们在大多数情况下是很缓慢的。12-1312、 The C+ class is an extension of the C and C+ struct type and forms the required abstract data type for object-oriented programming. (P56)C+类是C和C+结构类型的一个扩展，它的形成要求是面相对象编程的抽象数据类型。13、 You could use instances of those object types to piece together program code. (P56)你可以使用这些对象类型的实例编写程序代码。14-1514、 Encapsulation refers to the way each object combines its member data and member functions (methods) into a single structure. (P57)封装是指每个对象由其数据成员和成员函数（方法）组合成一个单一的结构而成。15、 Polymorphism allows each subclass object to respond to the message format in a manner appropriate to its definition. (P58)多态允许每个子类对象的方式响应适当定义消息格式。16、 The operating system acts as the manager of these resources and allocates them to specific programs and users as necessary for their tasks. (P76)操作系统是用来管理这些资源和分配他们特定程序和用户所需要的任务。17-1817、 Batch systems allowed automatic job sequencing by a resident monitor and improved the overall utilization of the computer greatly. (P76)批处理系统允许自动测序工作由居民监控，这大大提高了电脑的整体利用率。18、 Buffering was another approach to improving system performance by overlapping the input, output, and computation of a single job. (P76)缓冲是另一种通过重复输入，输出和一个单一任务的计算来提高系统功能的方法。19-2019、 Linux offers powerful and sophisticated system management facilities, a rich cadre of device support, a superb reputation for reliability and robustness. (P92)Linux提供强大和先进的设施管理系统，丰富的设备支持，拥有极好的可靠性和耐用性的声誉。20、 Unlike Windows, Linux is inherently modular and can be easily scaled into compact configurationsbarely larger than DOSthat can even fit on a single floppy. (P92)不同于Windows，Linux本质上是模块化的，可以很容易地扩展到紧凑的配置，仅大于DOS，甚至可以装在软盘中。21、 ISO/OSI(开放系统互连参考模型) (P119)TCP/IP协议传输控制协议/因特网互联协议TCP/IPOSI应用层Application（FTP、Telnet、DNS、SMTP、NDS、HTTP）应用层Application表示层Presentation会话层Session传输层Transport（TCP、UDP）传输层Transport网络层Internet（IP、ICMP、ARP、RARP）网络层Network网络接口层Network Interface（HDLC）数据链路层Data link（PPP）物理层Physical22-2322、 The realization of the mobile Internet relies on a new set of standards，known as the Wireless Application Protocol(WAP) (P124)移动互联网的实现依赖于一套新的标准，称为无线应用协议（WAP）23、 Make a request in WML (Wireless Markup Language)，a language derived from HTML especially for wireless network characteristic. (P125)有一个请求WML协议（无线标记语言），一种来自无线网络特点的HTML语言。24-2524、 The dissemination of news evolved into RSS. (P128)新闻传播进化成RSS25、 There is no clear cut demarcation between Web 2.0 and Web 1.0 technologies, hardware, and applications. (P128)在Web 2和Web1技术，硬件之间没有明确的界限和应用。26-2726、 Circuit-switched sometimes called connection oriented .(P141)电路交换有时被称为面向连接的。27、 Packet-switched sometimes called connectionless.(P141)分组交换有时被称为无连接的。28、 Infrared technology requires line-of-sight transmission.(P153)红外技术要求视距传输。29、 Data,such as the above,that is stored more-or-less permanently in a computer we term a dataase. (P162)数据，如上述，这是或多或少的永久存储在我们计算机数据库术语中。30-3130、 The physical level has the data stored on hardware devices.（P163）物理水平已经把数据存储在硬件设备中。31、 The external level defines the different views of the database as required by the external or user programs. （P163）外部水平定义数据库的不同视图，被要求通过外部或者用户程序中。32、 Four characteristic distinguish the material found in the data warehouse. Warehouse data is:（简答）（P172）数据仓库的四个特征。数据仓库是Subject oriented; integrated; time-variant; nonvolatile；面向主题的；集成的；时变的；易失性；33-3433、 If we derive a multimedia system from the meaning of the words in the American Heritage Dictionary. (P183)如果我们来自一个多媒体系统这句话的意思出自美国传统词典。34、 Then a multimedia system is any system which supports more than a single kind of media. (P183)然后多媒体系统支持任何超过一种单一媒体系统。35-3635、 Interframe compression uses a system of key and delta frames to eliminate redundant information between frames.(P196)帧间压缩使用一个关键帧和三角洲体系消除帧间的冗余信息。36、 Intraframe compression is performed entirely within individual frames.帧内压缩是完全在单个帧中运行的。37、 AI is a branch of computer science concerned with the study and creation of computer systems that exhibit some form of intelligence.(P208)AI是计算机科学和计算机系统表现出某种形式的智力创作研究的一个分支。38-3938、 Deterministic behavior or performance is specified and predictable. There is no uncertainty.(P216)确定性的行为或表现是特定的和可预测的。没有不确定性。39、 Nondeterministic behavior is the opposite of deterministic behavior.Behavior has a degree of uncertainty and is somewhat unpredictable. (P216)非确定性的行为是与确定行为相反的。这种行为具有一定程度的不确定性，也有些不可预测。40、 A stack is a list of items that are accessible at only one end of the list.堆栈是一个列表，仅在一端的列表访问项目。41-4241、 A push operation adds an item to the top of the stack.推送操作将项添加到堆栈的顶部。42、 The operation of removing an element from the stack is said to pop the stack.从堆栈中删除一个元素的操作被称为弹出栈。43、 Just an arithmetic features binary operations on numbers,set theory features binary operations on sets,The: 只是算术功能的二进制数字操作，集理论的特征集上的二元运算：Union of the sets A and B, AUB(A并B)Intersection of the sets A and B, AnB(A交B)Complement of set A relative to set U, UA ,Symmetric difference of sets A and B is the set of all objects that are a member of exactly one of A and B. AB (AUB)(AnB)Cartesian product of A and B, A * BPower set of a set A is the set whose members are all possible subsets of A. |A|44、第九单元阅读题看懂翻译45、第十单元综合题，注意看懂会写data和operation翻译仅供参考,俺四级未过