2018届高考英语总复习真题研练22 23附答案和解释试题两套

2018届高考英语总复习真题研练22 23附答案和解释试题两套2018届高考英语总复习真题研练23有答案和解释 Task 1：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2015湖北，C)Hilversum is a mediumsized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland，the Netherlands.Unlike most of the Netherlands，Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.Once called the Garden of Amsterdam，it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests.They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness.For Dutch people，Hilversum is all about textile(纺织) and media industries，and modern architecture.In history，Hilversum was largely an agricultural area.Daily life was marked by farming，sheep raising and wool production.A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum.They built themselves large villas(别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town.One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers，currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands.They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum.But the textile boom lasted only several decades.The last factory closed in the 1960s.The change to a media economy started in 1920，when the Nederlandse Seintoestellen Fabriek(NSF) established a radio factory in Hilversum.Most radio stations settled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town.Television gave another push to the local economy.Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands，and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.In the early 1900s，modern architects WM.Dudok and JDuiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum.These modern architectural masterpieces(杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum.Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics.His masterpiece，Hilversum Town Hall，was built in 19281931.It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks.The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”Actually，one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the WM.Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍荷兰小镇Hilversum的前世今生。1Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that _.Ait has a large populationBit is cut off from big citiesCit has many beautiful gardens Dit is in a hilly area with sandy soil答案D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Unlike most of the Netherlands，Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.”可知，Hilversum区别于荷兰其他诸多城市的一点就是其处在多山地带，且土壤多是沙土，这和D项中的hilly及sandy吻合。2What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum?ABuilding a railway link to Amsterdam.BHelping its textile industry to develop.CConstructing large villas for the poor.DAssisting its agricultural industry.答案B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句“They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum.”可知，这个富有的家族经营的是纺织产业，他们的迁入促进了Hilversum纺织业的快速发展。这与B项中的textile industry吻合。由此可知应选择B项。3The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of _.Aa radio factory Bthe media capitalCa radio station Da TV station答案A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The change to a media economy started in 1920，when.established a radio factory.”可知，Hilversum媒体产业的开始是以一家无线电工厂的建立为标志的，由此可知应选择A项。注意不要受到C项radio station的影响，该短语意为“广播站”，不符合题意。4What is known about WM.Dudoks Hilversum Town Hall?AIt consists of approximately 75 buildings.BIt looks like an open air museum in the city.CIt is a classic example in architecture textbooks.DIt has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum.答案C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“His masterpiece，Hilversum Town Hall.It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks.”可知，这个地方举世闻名，已被列入许多建筑学的教科书中，由此可知应该选择C项。Task 2：词汇积累1consist of 由组成Most people are familiar with the idea that all matter consists of atoms.大多数人熟悉一切物质都是由原子组成的这一概念。2urban adj.城市的；都市的3combination n结合；组合；联合4currently adv.现在；通常；当前5remarkable adj.非凡的；值得注意的6architecture n建筑学；结构7approximately adv.大约，近似地；近于8substantial n本质；重要材料adj.大量的；实质的Task 3：单句语法填空1They visit it for a _ (relax) day off from the urban madness.2The last factory closed in _ 1960s.3_ (actual)，one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the WM.Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.4A railway link _ Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum.5Daily life _ (mark) by farming，sheep raising and wool production.答案1.relaxing2.the3.Actually4.to5.was markedTask 4：单句改错1Once calling the Garden of Amsterdam，it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests.2These modern architectural masterpieces(杰作)are so much that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum.3Unlike most of the Netherlands，Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisted of sand.答案1.callingcalled2.muchmany3.consistedconsistingTask 5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)These modern architectural masterpieces(杰作)are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum.分析：这是一个主从复合句，that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum为that引导的结果状语从句。译文：这些现代化的建筑杰作如此之多以至于Hilversum感觉起来几乎就像一个露天的博物馆。2018届高考英语总复习真题研练22附答案和解释 Task 1：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。(2015全国，B)Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating，for people are often less selfconscious(难为情)when theyre in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesnt have enough window light，get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study，people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when its time to repaint，go blue.Dont forget the clockor the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time，and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while youre at it，actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down，turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12inch plate instead of a 10inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent.And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short，wide glass than a tall，skinny glass.【语篇解读】这是一篇科普说明文。短文主要说明了人的食量与房子粉刷的颜色、灯光的明暗等有着密切的关系。它们对人的身材会产生一定的影响。1The text is especially helpful for those who care about_.Atheir home comforts Btheir body shapeChouse buying Dhealthy diets答案B推理判断题。短文主要说明了饮食与室内光线、墙壁的颜色、餐具的尺寸及进餐的速度等有着密切的关系。显然这对于那些注重体型的人是有所帮助的。故答案为B。2A home environment in blue can help people_.Adigest food better Breduce food intakeCburn more calories Dregain their appetites答案B事实细节题。根据第三段“.people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.”可知，蓝色的用餐环境有助于减少食物摄入量。因此B项正确。3What are people advised to do at mealtimes?AEat quickly. BPlay fast music.CUse smaller spoons. DTurn down the lights.答案C事实细节题。由第四段第二句可知，进餐快的人比进餐慢的人每顿饭多消耗70卡路里的热量。由此可知A项错误。由第四段倒数第二句中的“turn on relaxing music”可知B项不对。而由第二段首句中的“turn up the lights”可知D项也是错误的。根据最后一段“when we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake jumps by 14 percent.”也可直接推知答案为C。4What can be a suitable title for the text?AIs Your House Making You Fat?BWays of Serving DinnerCEffects of SelfConsciousnessDIs Your Home Environment Relaxing?答案A标题归纳题。短文首句即为主题句：房子可能影响住户的身材。接下来从房子的颜色、室内灯光等方面说明了对饮食的影响。用A项作标题，既能总括全文，又能吸引读者。Task 2：词汇积累1have/has an effect on 对有影响2play a role in 在起作用3turn up 打开；出现；到场4appetite n欲望，(特指)胃口，食欲have a good poor appetite 食欲旺盛不振5consume vt.消费，消耗；浪费Task 3：语法填空Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in _1_ you pack on the pounds or keep _2_ off.You can make your environment work for you instead of _3_ you.Here are some ways _4_ (turn) your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating，for people are often less selfconscious(难为情)when theyre in poorly _5_ (light) placesand so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesnt have enough window light，get more lamps and flood the place with _6_ (bight)答案1.whether2.them3.against4.to turn5.lit 6brightnessTask 4：短文改错(下面文字有五处错误，请改正)Dont forget the clockor the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume atabout 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than thatthose who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time，and try to make a dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while youre at it，actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down，turn on relaxedrelaxing music.Task 5：攻克长难句(分析句子结构，尝试翻译成汉语)In one study，people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句为people consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room；who ate meals in a blue room为定语从句，修饰先行词people。译文：一项研究发现，在绿色房间吃饭的人们比在黄色或红色房间吃饭的人少消耗33%。Task 6：经典句式背诵1It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.这使你不太可能匆匆地吃一顿饭。2Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. 大碗大盘子使我们容易发胖。