2015届高考英语二轮专题专练 阅读理解（8 ）

2015届高考英语二轮专题专练：书面表达(8 )AAmiya Olden could have been a poster child for fl reading crisis that affects nearly 2 million Michigan residents older than 1 6：They read below a sixth-grade level，which makes it difficult to find jobs and to improve their livesAmong them，Amiya is one Amiya Olden remembers well the day she graduated from Denby High sch001She handed her diploma to her mother，who read it to her“Then when someone asked me to read it，I could remember the things she read，and I knew what I had to say，”recalled Amiya Olden“When we would go out to restaurants with my aunts，and that，S when I really would get upset1 would see words on the menu but I couldn，t read! ” But dont feel sorry for herI She changed her life by reaching a point where shel d read enoughTwo summers ago，she took charge of her life when she walked into Pro Literacy Detroit to improve her readingNineteen months ago，she was reading at a second-grade level；now at a fifth-grade level Olden now splits her days between her classes at Pro Literacy and the library，where she checks out books and reads themShe says she hopes her improved reading skills will help her find a good job And she has advice for others，who have trouble reading “Dont give up on it，”she said“Even though it can be challenging and you might get frustrated sometimes，practice does helpIf you really want to be able to go somewhere，go out to a restaurant and you have to read signs and things li ke that，you want to know what you want to eat and where you want to goIf you want to succeed in life and grow，you have to readMore important，you have to feel confident that you can”56Amiyamother read the diploma to her so that Ashe couldncourage her daughter to improve her reading Bher daughter could remember the content of the diploma Cthey both could remember the particular moment Dshe could show off before her daughter57Amiya attends Pro Literacy Detroit to Aget another diploma Bimprove her reading level Cfind a good job in the training center Dbe a poster child for the reading crisis58From the passage we can see in Michigan Amany people cant find good jobs due to poor reading Bthe job market pays too much attention to reading Cmost students cant graduate from high school Dthe reading crisis affects only poor people59Which of the following is true of Amiya? AShe is 16 years old now BA good job has been offered to her CShe is an adviser for those with reading difficulty DMost of her time i s divided between her classes and the library60With the study at Pro Literacy，Amiya is now Apuzzled Bdiscouraged Cconfident D1earnedB（2014湖北卷）BLondons newest skyscraper (摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶). He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building arent regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.Before building work began, a lot of people didnt want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.Other critics dont like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city. 55. Londons newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of _.A. its cost B. its size C. its shape D. its height 56. When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to _.A. change Londons skyline B. inherit Londons tradition C. imitate the Egyptian styleD. attract potential visitors57. The critics who refer to social division think the Shard _.A. is only preferred by the rich B. is intended for wealthy peopleC. is far away from the poor areaD. is popular only with Londoners58. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. The Shard: Cheers and ClapsB. The Shard: Work of a Great ArchitectC. The Shard: New Symbol of London?D. The Shard: A Change for the Better?CC Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are a major cause of climate change, and now a new study has confirmed that atmospheric CO2 is also affecting the ocean chemistry and potentially harming sea life.Montana State University scientist Robert Dore has been researching the water in the Pacific Ocean for almost two decades.Weve been going to the same spot in the Pacific Ocean, and we try and characterize long-term change in the open ocean environment. And one of the key things that we measure is CO2 levels. And weve been able to record this increasing quantity of atmospheric CO2 into the ocean.Scientists expected that as atmospheric CO2 increased, more and more of the carbon dioxide would be absorbed into the ocean, affecting the chemical balance of the sea water, with a potentially harmful impact on shellfish and coral in particular.As carbon dioxide dissolves（溶解） in the water, or seawater in this case, it forms a weak acid, carbonic acid, Dore explains. And therefore, as the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere goes up and that exchanges with the surface seawater, it drives the pH down, and makes it more acidic.The seawater Dore and his colleagues have analyzed confirms what the theory predicts.The effect was particular striking at about 250 meters down, and again at 500 meters. Dore and his colleagues came up with two possible explanations. It could be that surface water picked up CO2 and then moved to those depths. Or there could be a biological explanation.Its important to realize that the oceans are really becoming acidic. And it can have negative impacts on a whole variety of sea life from fish to coral. Its potentially catastrophic.66What can be the best title of the passage?ASea Life Facing Danger BScientist Researching Seawater COceans Becoming More Acidic DClimate Change Affecting Seawater67With the increase of atmospheric CO2， . Amore corals will appear in the sea Bthe surface water is becoming warmer Cthe chemical balance of the seawater is affected Dthe PH of the ocean out here has been increasing68Which of the following shows the process of the impact of atmospheric CO2 on sea life? aSea life is endangered bCO2 goes into the surface water cThe ocean chemistry is affected dCO2decreases the PH and makes the seawater more acidic eCO2 levels in the atmosphere go up69Scientist Robert Dore came to the conclusion based on . Ahis research and analysis Bthe expectation of other scientists Csome former theory Da major cause of climate change70What does the passage want to tell us most? AIt takes time to make a scientific study BAtmospheric CO2 is doing harm to sea life CRobert Dore is a committed and serious scientist DMeasures should be taken to prevent the potential catastropheDBEIJING, China (CNN) - Chinese workers and army soldiers were racing to sweep snow-covered highways and unclog railway routes for millions of travelers trapped by cold weather. More than 67 million people have been affected by the weather and economic losses are expected to reach as much as $3 billion, Chinese officials say. The snowstorms have damaged power lines, houses and farmland, causing fears of food and energy shortages. Twenty-four people have died and some 827,000 people have been evacuated in 14 different provinces, the Ministry of Civil Affairs said Monday. In the past week, the snowstorms have hit the provinces in central, eastern and southern China.Weve never seen such a cold weather lasting for such long a time, said Tang Shan, a man in his 70s in Changsha, the capital of Hunan province. The last time we had one here was over 50 years ago, and not this bad. The snow and sleet have paralyzed（使瘫痪）roads, railways and airports, leaving tens of millions of travelers marooned, officials say. Many of them are bound for home ahead of the traditional Lunar New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, which falls on February 7. The Lunar New Year travel is Chinas busiest travel period of the year. But the cold weather is delaying travel plans. In the southern city of Guangzhou, as many as 500,000 train passengers had to stay in the station. About 100,000 packed the square in front of the train station while others found shelter in schools and other public buildings while waiting for their trains. Chinese premier Wen Jiabao has ordered urgent measures to unclog the transport jam and ensure a steady supply of food and energy. “Lets unite as one to fight against the disaster,” he said in an emergency meeting.“Lets ensure that the people enjoy the Spring Festival.” But more terrible weather is expected. On Monday Chinas Weather Station issued a rare“red alert”warning of more serious snowstorms in the coming days. If so, the number of trapped travelers will surely increase.1What is the passage mainly about?AThe transport jam before the Spring Festival.BThe terrible effects of the snowstorms.CThe travelersfears of food shortages.DThe measures to fight against the disaster.2According to the passage, which of the following are mentioned?aA large number of passengers suffered from snowstorms.bMany house sand fields were damaged by the terrible snowstorms.cNo such heavy snowstorms have ever happened in China.dThe snowstorms are expected to come to an end in the following days.eRoads, railways and airports were strongly influenced by the snowstormsAa，b，cBb，c，dCc，d，eDa，b，e3What does the underlined word“unclog”in the first paragraph mean?AclearBcleanCcoverDclose4The government has taken the following measures except .Afinding shelter in schools and other public buildings for the passengersBtrying their best to ensure a steady supply of food and energyCcalling on people to stop work to fight against the disasterDwarning people of more terrible snowstorms in the coming daysABBADCB【考点】考察新闻报道类阅读【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了伦敦最新的摩天大楼the Shard，以及它的形状和设计理念。同时还讲述了人们对于这栋大楼的不同的看法。很多人都反对这栋大楼，说它并没有向一个好的方向改变。55. 【答案】C 【试题解析】细节题。根据第二段3,4,5行He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building arent regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard.可知摩天大楼the Shard得到自己的名字是因为它的形状。故C 正确。56. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据第二段后三行Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.可知他把这座摩天大楼设计成这个形状是为了让它成为伦敦的传统的一部分，也就是说让它继承伦敦的传统。故B正确。57. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章倒数第二段2,3,4行They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London.可知一些批评家认为这座大楼只是为那些富有的人而设计的。居住在这栋大楼附近的人都没有能力享受它。它是社会不公平的代表。故B正确。58. 【答案】D 【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了伦敦最新的摩天大楼the Shard，以及它的形状和设计理念。同时还讲述了人们对于这栋大楼的不同的看法。根据第一段最后一句However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.很多人都反对这栋大楼，说它并没有向一个好的方向改变。故D项符合文章的主题。【长难句解析】1.When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖顶).【翻译】当他开始为伦敦设计the Shard的时候，Piano想要设计一个看起来像尖顶的很高的大楼。【分析】本句中含有一个when引导的时间状语从句，后面的主句里有一个定语从句that looked like a spire (尖顶).修饰前面的先行词a very tall building。2. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal【翻译】他们说the Shard在说明伦敦正变得更加不公平。【分析】本句中的动词say后面含有一个that引导的宾语从句the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal这个宾语从句中动词show后面有一个how引导的宾语从句how London is becoming more unequal。C6670 ACBADD参考答案 B D A C