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非谓语结构,非谓语形式包括 to + V，V-ing, V-ed,甚至没有动词。,非谓语结构使用的几条原则： 看标点符号是否逗号，看是否有连词，看是否是非限制性定语从句。 非谓语结构前后主语保持一致才能被省略。,非谓语结构选择依据： 1）首先判断是否选择 to + V：* 不定式一般表目的（* I have something to do/ need a room to live in. * He is always the first / last to arrive. * I got there only to find the train had gone.）其余的选择V-ing 或V-ed 2) 根据主动还是被动选择V-ing 还是V-ed。 3) 选择正确的时态。 4) 否定词放在非谓语结构前面。,不定式 To do To be doing To have done,将来,正在,过去,V+ing Doing Having done,强调非谓语动作比谓语动词先发生,V+ed To be done Being done Done,1Please speak slowly because you dont make yourself _. Aunderstood Bunderstand Cto understand Dunderstanding 2The dog ,_, will be made a good match dog. Ato train properly Btraining properly Cproperly to train Dtrained properly 3Before _ white, the door should be cleaned thoroughly. Apainting Bpainted Cbeing painted Dhaving been painted,4_ from him for a long time, I had to write him a second letter. AHearing not BNot to hear CNot being heard DNot having heard 5I dont like the lonely house _ to Smith. Abelonged Bbelongs Cbelong Dbelonging 6Were going to talk about the problem _ at the last meeting. Awas discussed Bdiscussing Cdiscussed Dhaving been discussed,7Does anyone _ Jim lives here? Acall Bcalled Ccalling Dto call 8The girl _ in a colorful skirt looks beautiful. Adressed Bdressing Cdresses Ddress 9. He reached the railway station, _ and out of breath, _ the train had left. Atiring, finding Btired, finding Ctiring, to find Dtired, found,10. The thief followed her, with his eyes _ on the wallet in her pocket. Afix Bfixed Cfixing Dto fixed 11Asked about his life in the past, _. Anobody said nothing Bthey did not get an answer from him Cnothing was said by him DJohn nodded his head and left the room,12 _ from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car. A. Judging B. Judged C. Judges D. Judge 13 _ their bad news, he couldnt help from bursting into tears. AHeard BHaving heard CHaving been heard DHearing 14-What do you think of the man you saw last night? -Generally _ , he is not so good as expected. A. speaking B. spoken C. speak D. spoke,15_ a longer time, I could have done it better than planned. AGiven BHaving given CGiving DHaving been given 16He bought the car because of its _ price. A. reduce B. reduced C. reducing D. reduces 17They came out to sweep off the _ leaves, in spite of the cold _ rain. Afalling, falling Bfalling, fallen Cfallen, falling Dfallen, fallen,18The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., did not include women players until 1912. Afirst playing Bto be first played Cfirst played Dto be first playing 19He could see everything in the room clearly, with a _ lamp in his hand. A. lighted B. light C. being lighted D. lit,
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