地球信息科学与技术地质学类本科专业规范Scientificandtechnicalgeologyundergraduateprofessionalstandard

地球信息科学与技术(地质学类)本科专业规范（Scientific and technical (geology) undergraduate professional standard）Scientific and technical (geology) undergraduate professional standard2010-09-30 geophysical and geological teaching sub-committeeThe history, status and development of educationSince cole (1998) proposed the concept of digital earth, the earth information science and technology caused wide attention throughout the world, and has set up a mineral resources in research, environmental monitoring, water and soil resources evaluation, disaster monitoring and assessment, city construction planning and investment environment and risk assessment, the government and the military decision-making, etc, showing a strong advantage and vitality. However, how to get the huge rock the earth observation and digital information, reveal the occurrence of all kinds of material flow and energy flow in the interior of the earth development rule, can be said to be the major challenges faced by the earth information science, and earth information science and the important development direction of the corresponding information processing technology. In response to these challenges, talent cultivation is the commanding point. In our country, the geographic information system (GIS) specialized in geography subject, only focused on the surface of the earth and the talent of professional knowledge of the fluid part of the earth, in the earths surface under all kinds of information processing and the corresponding application software development. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate the knowledge of solid earth science and to master the new-type earth science talents with information science and technology. To this end, the ministry of education of institutions of higher learning earth science teaching steering committee of geophysics and geology engineering teaching subcommittee held meetings in 2001 and 2002, respectively, for discussion, put forward in the geological Settings earth information science and technology undergraduate professional advice. By 2003, zhejiang university, China university of geosciences, ocean university of China, tongji university, zhongnan university and other universities had declared the major and began to recruit students.1. Overview of major subjects of this majorEarth information Science (Geo - information Science) is the earth Science and information Science combine to form a new subject of earth Science its tasks from the Angle of the information flow of earth material properties and spatial distribution, as well as the occurrence and development of earth material flow and energy flow process and evolution law, so as to achieve for human resources, environment, society, the purpose of the implementation of macroeconomic regulation and control.The earth information science has been put forward since the disciplines of research has been focused on the earth surface and the fluid, and the main reasons why the current information technology have yet to be rapid and mass to get information about solid the earths interior. Humans, however, in the last more than two centuries, the formation of the solid earth observation and research of the information about the interior of the earth, in fact has a few astronomical, the question is how to convert the knowledge of the geology information, to modern earth information system can process digital information, and on this basis, the modern information analysis technology combined with geological process of research, to reveal the interior of the earth material flow and energy flow and predict the development law as a result, the information for earth science and the main scientific problems need to be solved at present.Earth information technology is the support system of earth information science. Geographic information systems (GIS) is the core of the system,It integrates the unique visual and geographical analysis of maps and the operational functions of general databases (such as query and statistical analysis). GIS and GPS (global positioning system), RS (remote sensing information acquisition system) and the information transmission system (information highway), constitutes the data acquisition, management, query, calculation, analysis, transmission and visualization output and other functions of earths information technology system.Although the earth information science, especially its exploration on solid earth, is in its infancy both in theory and practice, the discipline system is far from perfect. The technical supporting system of it, however, shows a strong advantage, and resource environment pressure faced by human societys development and the requirement of earth science, make the subject has great prospects for development, has caused widespread concern and attention from all over the world.2. Introduction of the main discipline methodologyThe solid earth information acquisition system has the following three:Surface information acquisition system - obtaining the spatial information of the distribution of various geological bodies on the earth surface, including surface geological survey, mapping, satellite remote sensing, etc.Deep information acquisition system - to obtain the spatial information of geological bodies below the surface, including drilling, various underground works, and various geophysical exploration, etc.Attribute information acquisition system, access to the physical and chemical properties of geological body, such as chemical composition, isotopic composition, age, and a variety of physical properties, such as using the method includes a variety of experiments and analysis.In the above three systems, information obtained from artificial sensors (such as remote sensing and geophysical detection) belongs to source information directly mapped from information sources; The body sensor of the observer receives the information in some way, such as text, graphics, forms, etc., and belongs to knowledge information with a specific format. The method of earth information science is: (1) to extract knowledge information from the analysis and processing of a large number of source information obtained by artificial sensors; (2) to a large number of existing format information into digital information, with modern information technology on the earth, storage, management and analysis for all kinds of information of space and time distribution, thus for human search and the development and utilization of resources, geological environment evaluation, prediction and assessment of geological disaster, geological exploration and engineering construction to provide decision basis; (3) the analysis of the information technology and the geology of theoretical thinking, the combination of simulation of the interior of the earths energy flow and material flow in the process of development, the forecast effect or result of the process, finally to human beings on the earths resources, environment and social development of the implementation of the macroeconomic regulation and control of scientific purposes.3. Related disciplines and influences of this majorEarth information science is the product of the combination of earth science and information science. Solid earth information science mission, that is, from the perspective of information flow to reveal the interior of the earth material properties and spatial distribution, as well as the material flow and energy flow of the occurrence, development process and the rule of the evolution. The earth information technology provides powerful technical support for the study of solid earth information science, but is engaged in the research of earth information science.In addition to mastering information technology, the earth also must to all kinds of geological body or geological process of solid earth have deeper understanding, such as blister Ding Xieniu, both with a sharp knife, more to understand the structure of cow. Only the solid earth in all kinds of geological body or geological process have a deeper understanding, can be correctly extract the feature information of all kinds of geological body or geological process, and to analyze information in earth science thinking and information processing. Therefore, basic geology knowledge is essential to our major. However, different schools set up this major and should have a clear entry point to build the students knowledge system based on their own school basis and characteristics.2. Professional training objectives and specifications1. Professional training objectivesThe earth information science and technology professional talent training goal is: to cultivate all-round development of morality, intelligence and physique, has a solid mathematical foundation and geology theories, to master the basic theory of the earth information science, able to skillfully use modern information science and technology, the solid earth all kinds of information extraction, analysis and processing, and has a certain ability to develop and research new earth science talent.2. Training specifications and requirementsThe earth information science and technology program is four years, and students are awarded a bachelors degree after graduation. The requirements for talent training are:(1) the quality structure requirementsThis professional training of students must be love of the Peoples Republic of China, uphold the leadership of the communist party of China, should have a strong sense of responsibility for society, has the good moral quality and legal concept at the same time, have a professional spirit and the collective sense of honor, have good cultural quality and artistic accomplishment, strives for realism the innovation of scientific spirit, and have good physical quality and psychological quality.(2) ability structure requirementsAbility to think independently, analyze problems and solve problems. Good oral and written communication skills; Ability to coordinate and handle interpersonal relationships; Have strong ability of social activities; Ability to use professional knowledge and skills to solve practical problems; Having the ability to acquire knowledge and to some extent innovate.(3) knowledge structure requirementsHave professional learning the necessary mathematical foundation and basic computer, have a solid knowledge of basic geology, to master the basic theory of the earth information science and the 3 s technology, have engaged in the development of the earth information engineering construction and technical ability; At the same time, it is required to learn about culture, art, history, philosophy, politics, economics, law and psychology through the study of political and cultural quality courses.Iii. Knowledge system and curriculum systemKnowledge systemThe overall framework of the professional knowledge system is shown in figure 1:Figure 1 overall framework of the earth information science and technology professional knowledge system(1) basic knowledge of university (integrated education) : this is the provisions of the state of college students (not nothing, science, engineering) must have the basic knowledge, including politics, philosophy, literature, history, law, society, economy, management and psychology knowledge and art.(2) basic knowledge in science and engineering, the basic knowledge of science and engineering students must have, including the university of mathematics, university physics, general chemistry, etc., the professional basic course for studying the necessary basic knowledge;(3) basic knowledge: this is the basic knowledge necessary for the study of specialized courses, which is the precursor of specialized courses. The professional basic specialized knowledge includes two aspects: (1) basic computer, including computer principle and application, computer language and program design, data structure and database knowledge; Basic knowledge of geology, including mineral petrology, stratigraphic paleontology, structural geology, and other aspects of geology.(4) professional knowledge: this specialized graduation, or in this professional work or study must have the knowledge and skills, including the earth information science basic theory and method, data collection technology and types of information, the 3 s technology and its applications in solid earth information acquisition and processing, etc.2. Recommended course system(1) credit and time allocationAccording to the regulations of the ministry of education, the scores and hours of the courses are distributed as follows:Dont count the number of classesNormal education core courses 58 32% courses are set according to the ministry of educationElective course 23, 13%Professional education core curriculum 61. 34 practice teaching for 12 weeksElective courseTotal credit of 180The total study time of 2880 hours is 1 credit in 16 hours(2) suggested curriculum systemAccording to the requirements of the professional knowledge structure, the proposed curriculum system is as follows:Notes on class name of class attribute courseThe core courses of basic political science of education university are courses prescribed by the ministry of education, and the elective courses are set according to their own characteristicsEnglishsportsA lawsociologyhistoryliteratureComputer fundamentals and applicationsScience foundation core curriculum advanced mathematicsGeneral physics (including experiments)Elective course general chemistryCore curriculum linear algebra and analysis geometry of professional foundation 1 (mathematics and computer foundation)Computer language and programmingData structures and databasesComputer network technologyElective course discrete mathematicselectroelectronicsBasic 2 (geology) core curriculum earth science introductionMineral petrologytectonicsPaleontological stratigraphyEarth detection techniqueGeological cognition practiceIntroduction to earth information science in core courses of professional coursesCartography and computer graphicsGPS principles and applicationsPrinciple and application of GISRemote sensing information and image processingGeological mapping and geological map databaseField digitization mapping practiceThe courses are set according to their own characteristicsProfessional basic courses of geology, including mineralogy, petrology, strata paleontology, tectonics, geoexploration technology and other courses. Curriculum can be independent to open, and can be incorporated into a geology basis, plus one or two special geology courses (for example, the earth physics or petroleum geology or deposit, etc.),Schools can set themselves up according to their own characteristics and graduates. However, there should be no less than 240 academic hours in the course of geological basic courses (excluding field practice).Geology is a very large knowledge system, and the learning of an undergraduate is impossible to complete. In order to strengthen students awareness of some aspect of geological information, reflect characteristics of different schools, the schools according to the flow of their own teachers and graduates, etc., set up different direction of geology course group, as a professional elective courses.(3) practical teachingThe evolution of solid earth has solidified into various geological phenomena. To understand these phenomena and understand the information conveyed by these phenomena, it is possible to use various techniques to carry out information analysis and information processing. Therefore, field practice is an indispensable teaching link of the major. Three internships should generally be arranged:(1) the field cognition practice: an introduction to earth science, or general geology course teaching internship arrangement (time 2 3 weeks), its purpose is to make the student to the solid earth information transfer by various phenomena and have a preliminary understanding.2. Internship in digital geological mapping: an internship with a specialized course teaching arrangement, usually between 6 and 8 weeks. Geological map is a comprehensive embodiment of various evolutionary processes of solid earth, and is also the concrete application of various basic theories of geology. Students through the field of digital mapping, for all kinds of geologic body contains time, space and attributes information of understanding, and deepen the students basic theory of geology and the understanding of the traditional information retrieval methods, so that the students can effectively combine the earth information acquisition and information processing skills.Graduation thesis (design) internship: according to the thesis (design) requirement arrangement.Iv. Teaching conditions of this major1. FacultyWith age, and reasonable knowledge structure, relatively stable, higher levels of teachers, which has higher academic attainments leader professor (1), bear the teacher of the main course for the specialty of not less than 10 people, including senior title of professional teachers not less than 4 people, senior and () at the beginning of class the teacher proportion of not less than 1:2.Teaching material of 2.The textbook should conform to the syllabus or professional specification. The basic course should choose the traditional textbook, the specialized course should be used as the official publication of the teaching materials, at least should be in accordance with the teaching outline of the lecture notes.3. Book informationThere are a number of specialized books, publications, information, digital resources and tools available to retrieve these information resources in public libraries.4. LaboratoryThe basic curriculum laboratory should meet the requirements, and each student should have at least one set of experimental instruments. The earth information science laboratory should be equipped with information acquisition, processing and graphic input and output equipment. The total amount of fixed assets of instrument and equipment should reach a certain amount, and the basic geological experiments must be provided. Each school may have a focus on its own professional direction and specific situation.5. Internship baseTo have a relatively stable field of earth information field practice base,The internship base should meet the requirements of the earth information science internship. Each school can build an internship base in and out of school through multiple channels.Teaching expensesNew set of the major, open fund normally not below certain amount (not including fixed assets). There is enough money every year to ensure normal teaching.5. Formulate the main reference indicators for the professional specificationThe main reference indexes of this professional specification are as follows:Undergraduate system: four years of basic schooling.Total number of weeks in school: 200 202 weeks (education teaching 166 168 weeks, winter summer 32 34 weeks).Total credits: four-year earth information science and technology professional total credits for about 180 200 credits, including general education, general education is divided into 90 100 credits, including political thought education and the humanities and social science, sports, foreign language, computer and information technology, principle, chemical, and other natural science courses, as well as the schools quality education through choosing courses and so on. Professional education is divided into 90 100 credits, including core course