北京高考英语试卷

绝密启用前 一般高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英 语本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节 （共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给旳A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你均有10秒钟旳时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1. When will the film start?A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00.2. Which club will the man join?A. The film club. B. The travel club. C. The sports club. 3. What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?A. Sunny. B. Windy. C. Snowy. 4. What does the man want to cut out of paper?A. A fish. B. A bird. C. A monkey. 5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a library. B. At a bookstore. C. In a museum. 第二节 （共10小题；每题1.5分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给旳A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟旳时间阅读每题。听完后，每题将给出5秒钟旳作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. Why does the woman make the call?A. To make an invitation.B. To ask for information.C. To discuss a holiday plan .7. How much does the woman need to pay for the minibus?A. $50. B. $150. C. $350.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.What are the two sperkers mainly talking about? A.Electronic waste. B.Soil pollution. C.Recyling benefits.9.What does the woman decide to do with her cell phone in the end? A.Throw it away. B.Keep it at home. C.Sell it to be recycled.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What is the possible relationship between the two sperkers? A.Friends. B.Wife and husband. C.Business partners.11.Where does the woman work now? A.In a school. B.In a restaurant. C.In a travel agency.12.What are the two sperkers going to do? A.To take a trip. B.To have a coffee. C.To attend a meeting.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.What has been improved according to the speaker? A.The train station. B.The bus service. C.The parking lot.14.How does the speaker get to her office today? A.By bus and on foot. B.By train and by bus. C.By train and on foot.15. Who is the speaker?A. A reporter.B. A policeman.C. A photographer.第三节（共5小题；每题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完毕第16至20五道小题，每题仅填写一种词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟旳时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟旳作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。Pick-up Appointment FormItem（物品）A 16 and some magazinesDestinationOverseas to 17 DeliveryAir RegularTime to pick up5:00 18 afternoonPackingA medium boxCustomers informationMr. Hudson 19 89 Street, Chicago, 20 Tel:4159786第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给旳 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处旳最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A. must B. should C. can D. need22. Peter, please send us postcards _ well know where you have visited.No problem.A. but B. or C. for D. so23. Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever24. _ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes. They are happy with it.A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling25. _ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _she was heading.A. why B. where C. how D. when27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _ their valuable time. A. save B. saving C. to save D. saved28. If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _ you figure it out.A. because B. though C. until D. since29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _ yet. A. havent invented B. havent been invented C. hadnt invented D. hadnt been invented30. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from butterflies to elephants. A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged 31. The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. that B. as C. where D. when 32.Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _ with his students.A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent 33.People_better access to health care than they used to, and theyre living longer as a result.A. will haveB. haveC. hadD. had had34. If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened. A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put35. Many people who live along the coast make a living _ fishing industry. A. at B. in C. on D. by第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给旳 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 . She couldnt understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 , but, of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve (处理) the problem of homelessness. Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldnt 43 as bad. Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to _45_“Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business Leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising (募捐) drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyones spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day - a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canadas 48 and homeless. There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannahs Place”, something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannahs Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 . For example, she received the BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world. But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people. Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can, too!36. A. jumpingB. eating C. cryingD. waving37. A. annoyedB. nervousC. ashamedD. upset38. A. behaveB. manageC. helpD. work39. A. pushingB. carryingC. buyingD. holding40. A. goodsB. bottlesC. foodsD. bags41. A. excitedB. determinedC. energeticD. grateful42. A. sinceB. unlessC. althoughD. as43. A. soundB. getC. feelD. look44. A. exchangeB. leaveC. keep D. spread45. A. sellB. deliverC. hostD. pack46. A. contributeB. leadC. applyD. agree47. A. campaignB. tripC. procedureD. trial48. A. elderlyB. hungryC. lonelyD. sick49. A. awareB. afraidC. proudD. sure50. A. goingB. sleepingC. travelingD. playing51. A. praisesB. invitationsC. repliesD. appointments52. A. needsB. interestsC. dreamsD. efforts53. A. forB. throughC. besidesD. along54. A. healthyB. publicC. normalD. tough55. A. choiceB. profitC. judgmentD. difference三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给旳 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didnt know each other well Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before. Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground, “Pariss eye rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.” It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?” CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick persons chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didnt think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death.” says Taylor.Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them; Paris heartbeat returned.“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people dont survive this. My team saved my life.”Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”56.What happened to Paris on a March day?A. She caught a bad cold.B. She had a sudden heart problem.C. She was knocked down by a ball.D. She shivered terribly during practice57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?A. She made a worthy friend.B. She recovered from shock.C. She received immediate CPR.D. She came back on the softball team.58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?A. Enthusiastic and kind.B. Courageous and calm.C. Cooperative and generous.D. Ambitious and professional.BInspiring young minds!TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.Whats inside? Every month the magazine introduces afresh new topic with articles, experimentsand creative things to make the magazinealso explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.What is so special about TOKNOW magazine? Well, it has no ads or promotions inside instead it is jam-packed with serious ideas. TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy（哲学）and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.Sounds too good to be true?Take a look onlineevidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.Happy Birthday All Year!What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month? The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.SUBSCRIBE NOWAnnual Subscription Europe 55 Rest of World 65Annual Subscription with Gift Pack Includes a Mammoth Map, a passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe 60 Rest of World 70Refund Policythe subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.59. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?A. It entertains young parents.B. It provides serious advertisements.C. It publishes popular science fictions.D. It combines fun with complex concepts.60. What does TOKNOW offer its readers?A. Online courses.B. Articles on new topics.C. Lectures on a balanced life.D. Reports on scientific discoveries.61. How much should you pay if you make a 12-mouth subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China?A. 55. B. 60. C. 65. D. 70.62. Subscribers of TOKNOW would get .A. free birthday presentsB. full refund within 28 daysC. membership of the TOKNOW clubD. chances to meet the experts in personCMeasles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who cant be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesnt work.But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.Thats exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参与) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption（豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but theyll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.63. The first two paragraphs suggest that _.A. a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trendB. the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention C. anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasonsD. information about measles spreads quickly64. Herd immunity works well when _.A. exemptions are allowedB. several vaccines are used togetherC. the whole neighborhood is involved in D. new regulations are added to the state laws65. What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?A. The overuse of vaccine.B. The lack of medical care.C. The features of measles itself.D. The vaccine opt-outs of some people.66. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce the idea of exemption.B. To discuss methods to cure measles.C. To stress the importance of vaccination.D. To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.D Hollywoods theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控制论）, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.” A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard. The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines. Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teamsyet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.67. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .A. run out of human controlB. satisfy humans real desiresC. command armies of killer robotsD. work faster than a mathematician68. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to .A. prevent themselves from being destroyedB achieve their original goals independentlyC. do anything successfully with given ordersD. beat humans in international chess matches69. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .A. help super intelligent machines work betterB. be secure against evil human beingsC. keep machines from being harmedD. avoid robots affecting the world70. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?A. It will disappear with the development of AI.B. It will get worse with human interference.C. It will be solved but with difficulty.D. It will stay for a decade. 第二节 （共 5 小题；每题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后旳七个选项中选出能填入空白处旳最佳选项。选项中有两项为多出选项。 Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this ha