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说明文,技巧点拨,2、高考中，说明文常见的话题有：产品介绍、地点描述、方位描写、变化分析、购物指南和操作说明。,1、说明文是用简洁的文字介绍事物的特性、构造、变化或结果的文章。,3、写这类文章需注意以下几点：,1)首先要审题，弄清需要介绍的内容，把握信息要点。,2)说明文的写作方法：说明科技方面的内容常用定义法、比较对比法、分类法和因果法等；说明自然环境方面的内容常用时空次序法与分类法等。,3)说明的重要特点是清晰，文章结构多采用“主题-主体-结语”的形式。,4)基本时态是一般现在时，比如介绍地点环境等，为强调客观性，语言表述多用客观性动词，如seem, there be, maybe,等，多用被动语态，同时要善于运用倒装和 there be。若是介绍历史时，要用一般过去时。,主题the beginning -对要说明的食物或事情做简要介绍,主体the main body-按照题目提供的信息分层，进行说明或原因分析，注意条理清楚，语言简练，用词准确，让读者一目了然,结语the ending-一两句首位的句子，表示说明到此为止。（如果题目没有特殊要求，不要写个人对此事物或现象的看法或观点。）,好词好句推荐：,above, in front of, in the center of, on the left, across, below, in the distance, on the right, beyond, nearby, opposite to, over, further, next to, on top of, up, down, close to, beneath, under, around, near to, along,1过渡词,表方位:,表顺序：,first, second, third/ first, then, next, finally, in the first place, last but not least, above all, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, besides, whats more, in addition, furthermore, moreover, another, also, especially, in particular,表时间：,first, then, next, after that, next, finally now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, notuntil, before, after, when, while, as during,表示解释说明：,for example, for instance, in this case, such as, take for example，in fact, actually,表递进：,in addition，besides，fruthermore，whats more，on the other hand，meanwhile，for one thingfor another, on top of that, apart from that,表举例：,for example，for instance，such as，a typical （striking） example is that，a case in point,表目的:,for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,表总结：,in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, as we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion,2常用句式：,1）It is located / situated in 2）It lies between and 3）In front of it is, with on its left and on its right. 4）Turning to the left, you will see , behind which is 5）Walking past , the building that appears in front of you is 6）Along the road are lines of trees, from which students can find shade from the hot sun. 7）A walk around is a feast for the mind as well as the eye. 8）Opposite to the stands 9）The door on your left leads you to . 10) Next to the door against the wall there is a , in which we sit to watch TV every evening. 11) On your left lies a , with all kinds of in it.,1)is a new kind of produced by, which is 2)Made of , it is light, small, and easy to carry. 3)containing much top and new technique is famous for its excellent quality and reasonable price. 4)China is a large country with rich history and much population. 5) , the capital of , lies in the middle of 6) It has an area of 160,000 square kilometers with a population of over 90 million. 7)It is rich in natural sources such as coal and gold and has mild weather. 8)is located at the foot of/ by the side of , to the east ofand to the north of 9) is provided for the convenience of customers/ visitors. 10） Built in the16th century, the castle has witnessed too much coming and going in history.,1)Nowadays it is common to use, but not knowing how to usekeeps many people away from enjoying the wonderful service that has brought us. 2)As is known to all, it is important to . Therefore, an increasing number of people are showing more interest in how to 3)With the development of , there is an increasing need for people to know how to 4)There are several steps to follow./ Here are some tips. 5)The first thing to do is to 6) Although is important, but without , all the efforts you have made will be in vain. 7) To ensure success, there is one more thing that you must bear in mind, that is 8) If you can do what has been mentioned above, you can guarantee success. 9) With the help of the above methods, you will achieve your goal soon.,题目要求 (2012湖北名校模拟) 请根据下表提供的信息写一篇文章向外宾介绍国家体育馆“鸟巢”。,注意：词数120左右。 参考词汇：标志symbol; 鸟巢Birds Nest _ _ _ _,技法指导 说明文是阐述事物的特征、本质、性能、结构、用途或科学原理的一种文体。高考英语说明文内容集中在反映社会现象、介绍方位地点和指导如何做事情这些方面，要求考生能够按照一定的说明顺序进行介绍和说明，以达到实际应用和交际的目的。,，,写说明文宜采用三段式：第一段主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的；第二段说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤；第三段进行总结概括。时态通常用一般现在时。写作时应注意以下几个方面：,1仔细审题：明确说明对象，抓住要说明的事物或事理的主要特征。 2选择合理的说明顺序：比如时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序，分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰。 3选择恰当的说明方法：比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等，来增加文章的色彩。 4语言：既要确切无误，又要通俗浅显。适当使用一些结构比较复杂的句式，如定语从句、名词性从句、倒装句、强调句及非谓语动词等，以增加语言表达效果。,第一步构建框架，清晰行文 谋篇布局,黄金模板 模板一：地理介绍型 _ is located in _(位置), covering an area of _(面积). It has a population of _(人口). It grows _， and it is rich in _(特点) In a word, _ is a fascinating place with fascinating people.Welcome to _.,模板二：路线描绘型 We are going to _(举行活动) at/in/on _(时间) at/in _(地点). It is not very difficult to find your way to this place./Now let me tell you the way to this place.,When you get out of _(某地一), you can take Bus _(几路公交车) to _(某地二), and get off at the second/third crossing.Walk across the crossing to the east/west/south/north until you see _(某地三) on your left/right.Turn left/right there (at the corner) and go straight on/ahead.Then you can see/find _(某地四) is on your left/right.The place is next to/opposite to _(某地点). The place is _(多远) yards/kilometers down the street on the left/right.Find Room _(几号房间) and we will be meeting you there.,模板三：说明原因型 Nowadays, more and more _(阐述现象). Why _(提出问题)? The reasons for it are as follows. First of all, _(原因一). Besides, _(原因二). Whats more, _(原因三),As a matter of fact, the main cause of it is due to _(最主要原因)In my opinion, it is high time that we did something to _(解决措施)Only in this way will we _(要实现的目标),第二步打造亮句，增色文章 1鸟巢，也就是国家体育馆，位于北京北部，占地面积25.8万平方米，可容纳9万多名观众。 The Birds Nest, the national stadium, is located in the north of Beijing, with an area of 258,000 square meters, able to hold more than 90,000 audience members. The Birds Nest the national stadium located in the north of Beijing, covering an area of 258,000 square meters, is able to hold more than 90,000 audience members.,，,2从外观看，它犹如树枝搭建的鸟巢，这就解释了这个名字的由来。 Seen from the outside, it resembles a real bird nest made of branches, which explains where its name came from. When it is seen from the outside, it resembles a real bird nest made of branches, which explains where its name came from.,第三步串句成文，保证流畅 The Birds Nest, the national stadium, is located in the north of Beijing, with an area of 258,000 square meters, able to hold more than 90,000 audience members. Started in December 2003 and completed in 2008, it was used for track and field events and football matches during the Beijing Olympic Games. After that it will be used to hold all kinds of grand activities.,Seen from the outside, it resembles a real bird nest made of branches, which explains where its name came from. No wonder experts regard it as an incredible symbol for Olympic history.,一家宾馆新开业，为吸引外国宾客，希望在互联网上进行宣传，请你用英语为其写一篇文字介绍。主要内容应包括： 1地点：距白山入口处500米； 2房间及价格：单人间（共20间），100元/天； 双人间（共15间），150元/天； 热水淋浴； 3餐饮：餐厅（中、西餐），咖啡厅（茶、咖啡）； 4游泳池：全天免费开放； 5欢迎预定。 注意： 1词数120左右，开头语已为你写好； 2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,Welcome to Baishan Mountain Hotel Baishan Mountain Hotel is now open for business._ _,
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