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2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习考点规范练18Unit3Understandingeachother牛津译林版选修6I阅读理解Whetheritstohelptheirdogsorthemselves,abouthalfofallAmericanssurveyedinarecentpoll（民意测验）saytheyexerciseregularly.Accordingtothepoll,mostpeoplewalkforexerciseafewtimesaweek.Aboutathirdsaytheywalkeveryday.Butaretheykiddingthemselvestothinkawalkisreallyhelpingthem?Shouldweallberunningorjoggingifwewanttocountthatactivityasgoodforus?Dr.TimChurch,whostudiestheeffectsofphysicalactivityatLouisianaStateUniversitysPenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenter,madeastudyaboutthatChurchheadedastudywith464postmenopausal（绝经后的）womenwho,forsixmonths,cameintothelabtowalkatreadmill（跑步机）whileresearcherswatched.Thefirstgroupwalkedfor73minutesaweek,thesecond136minutesaweekandthethird190minutesweekly.Thesewomenwalkedslowly,andcouldeasilycarryonaconversation.“Surprisingly,thegroupthatwasonlywalkingfor73minutesaweekslowlybenefitedalot,”Churchsays.Theysaytheyvegottenmorephysicallyactivefromwalking.Theyhaventnecessarilylostweight,buttheirpantsfitdifferently.Itsbecausetheyhavelessbellyfat,hesays,whichisaverygoodthing.ThisdocumentfromtheAmericanHeartAssociationlistsdozensofstudiesshowingsimilarbenefitsfromwalking.AndinChurchsstudy,participantsgainedmorethanphysicalbenefits.Theyalsogainedbenefitslikelessanxietyandfewersymptomsofdepression.Theyalsodiscoveredsomethingmanyofuslongfor:moreenergy.“Itwasntadose-response（剂量效应）一asin,themoreexerciseyoudid,themoreyourenergyincreased,”Churchsays.“Actually,allthreeexercisegroupsincreasedtheirlevelsofenergythesame.”【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章通过研究证明散步有益健康,并且运动量和强度与受益程度不成正比。1. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph2referto?A. Ifpeopleshouldwalkthedog.B. Theeffectofrunningorjogging.C. Ifpeopleneedtoexercisehardtobenefit.D. Theimportanceofdoingexerciseregularly.答案:C解析：篇章结构题。由第二段开头的“Butaretheykiddingthemselves.asgoodforus?”及下文的研究可推断,画线词指代人们是否必须做高强度的运动才能受益。2. ThethreegroupsinChurchsstudy.A. wereofdifferentagesB. wererequiredtowalkslowlyC. wereindifferentphysicalconditionD. wererequiredtododifferentexercises答案:B解析：细节理解题。由第四段末的“Thesewomenwalkedslowly,andcouldeasilycarryonaconversation.”可知答案为B项。3. AttheendofChurchsstudy,womeninthefirstgroup.A. lostweightB.lostbellyfatC.benefitedlittleD.benefitedthemost答案:B解析：细节理解题。由第五段中的“theirpantsfitdifferently.Itsbecausetheyhavelessbellyfat.”可知答案为B项。4. Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Walkingmaymakepeoplefeelanxious.B. Peopleshoulddoasmuchexerciseaspossible.C. Walkingbenefitspeoplephysicallyandmentally.D. Peopleshoulddoexercisewhentheyfeelenergetic.答案:C解析:推理判断题。由最后两段可知,研究的参与者通过步行不仅减掉了腹部脂肪,而且精神更健康,精力更充沛。故C项正确。II完形填空（xx石家庄一模）municationisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.Manyofusare1_toshareourexperiencesoremotionswithourfriends.Butwhenitsourturntolenda（n）_2_,wesoonbeeboredorareshortofideasonhowto3_andofferadvice.Thatsbecauseofwhatresearcherscall“listenerburnout（精疲力竭）”.Afriendmighttalktous4_,oftenplainingaboutthesame5_problems.Whenweofferquickadviceto6_thesituation,wemaybeunconsciouslytryingtQ7_ourselvesfromburnout.However,goodlisteners8_theirnaturaltendencytosolvetheothersproblemshurriedlyandtokeeptheconversationbrief.Tobeagood9_,youneedtouse“activelistening.Itstartswiththereal_10_tohelpothersandthinkthroughtheirfeelings.Dont11_things.Youcanstartbyputtingyourphone12_andsittingclosetoyourfriend.Letyourfacialexpressions13_whatheorsheissaying.14_youareabletofullyunderstand,acknowledgetheotherpersons15byreflectingthemback:“Thatmustbereallyhardforyou.Use16_wordsorevensoundssuchas“yes“right,and“hmmto17theotherpersontocontinue.Ofcourse,a18canbeextremelyhardiftheotherpersonistoocritical.Butdontgetdefensive.Effectivelistenersdont19negativecriticism.Instead,theylistenandunderstandwhatthepersonistryingtoconvey20responding.【语篇导读】交流在人际关系中起着重要的作用,许多人都愿意和朋友分享自己的经历或情感,但是如何做一个善听者呢?文章对这个问题进行了说明。1. A.afraidB.hesitantC.shyD.eager答案:D解析:本句句意:我们许多人都渴望和朋友分享自己的经历或感情beeagertodosth“渴望做某事。2. A.shoulderB.handC.earD.eye答案:C解析：lendanear为固定短语，意思为“倾听。3. A.respondB.explainC.argueD.quit答案:A解析:根据“andofferadvice可知，我们对如何作出反应(respond)和提供建议没有了主意。4. A.aimlesslyB.endlesslyC.deliberatelyD.cautiously答案:B解析：由下文的“经常抱怨同样老生常谈的问题”可知，这里应该是无休止地(endlessly)对我们谈这些。5. A.difficultB.oldC.acuteD.sensitive答案:B解析:参见上题解析。6. A.fixB.discussC.createD.describe答案:A解析：由“offerquickadvice可知，应选fix,表示“解决。7. A.forgiveB.protectC.discourageD.prevent答案:B解析:protectsb/sthfromsth“保护某人/某事免于某事”，符合语境。8. A.followB.displayC.formD.overe答案:D解析:本句句意:然而，好的倾听者会克服他们的自然倾向来迅速解决他人的问题9. A.readerB.partnerC.listenerD.speaker答案:C解析：由下文的“activelistening”可知，做一个好的倾听者(listener)需要积极地倾听他人诉说。10. A.demandB.habitC.desireD.ability答案:C解析:本句句意:开始时要有真的要帮助别人的渴望，并认真考虑他们的感情。11. A.skipB.rushC.overlookD.postpone答案:B解析:rushthings“仓促做事”，符合语境。12. A.awayB.offC.outD.up答案:A解析:这里表示把你的手机收起来，紧紧地坐在你朋友身边。13. A.recordB.restrictC.reflectD.replace答案:C解析：由15空后的“byreflectingthemback”可知，这里表示让你的面部表情对你朋友所说的话作出反应。14. A.WhetherB.SinceC.WhileD.If答案:A解析:作为一个倾听者不管(whether)你是否能够完全理解对方,你都要对对方的感情(feelings)作出回应。15. A.suggestionsB.purposesC.responsesD.feelings答案:D解析:参见上题解析。16. A.bigB.toughC.strongD.short答案:D解析：由下文的yes,right和hmm可知，要用简短的(short)语言来鼓励(encourage)他人继续说下去。17. A.forceB.remindC.encourageD.convince答案:C解析:参见上题解析。18. A.conversationB.suggestionC.problemD.lecture答案:A解析：由语境可知，这里说的是谈话(conversation)很难进行下去。19. A.giveupB.makeupC.leaveoutD.blockout答案:D解析:本句句意:善听者不会抹去负面批评blockout“忘掉，抹去”。20. A.afterB.beforeC.whileD.once答案:B解析:本句句意:相反，他们会在作出反应之前倾听并且明白这个人正试图传达的意思。III.语篇填空(XX石家庄一模)OnThursdayMrs.Clarkelockedthedoorandwenttothewomensclubasusual.Whenshecamehomeshesensed1.unusual.Hadanyonegotin?Thebackdoorandthewindowswerealllockedandtherewas2.signofforcedentry.Hadanythingbeentaken?Shewentfromroomtoroomcheckingand3.(find)hersparecameramissing.ThefollowingThursdayshewentoutatherusualtime，butshejusttookashortwalkinaparknearby，camehomethroughthebackdoorandsettleddowntowaitandseewhat4.(happen).Itwas4oclock5.thefrontdoorbellrang.Mrs.Clarkewasmakingteaatthetime.Thebellrangagain,andthensheheardherletterbox6.(push)open.Pickingupthekettle(水壶)ofboilingwater,shemovedquietlytowardsthedoor.Apieceof7.appearedthroughtheletterbox,andthenahand.8.wireturnedandcaughtaroundtheknob(旋钮)onthedoorlock.Mrs.Clarkeraisedthekettleandpouredthehotwater9.thehand.Asharpcrywasheardoutsideasthewirefelltothefloorandthehandwas10.(instant)pulledback,whichwasfollowedbythesoundofrunningfeet.答案与解析:【语篇导读】克拉克小姐发现自己家中被盗后,决心找出这个小偷,用她的智慧击退了这位“不速之客”。1. something解析:考查代词。依据下文可知，她意识到有点儿不寻常。something表示“某事”。2. no解析：考查限定词。根据本句中的“Thebackdoorandthewindowswerealllocked”可知,没有破门而入的迹象。故填no。3. found解析:考查时态。本空所在句中的and连接两个谓语动词，第一个是went,因此这里用found。4. wouldhappen解析:考查时态。根据上文可知,她从后门进入,待在屋里,想看看将会发生什么,故应用wouldhappen。5. when解析:考查固定句式。“itis/was+时间点+when.”是固定句式表示“某事在某时发生”。6. beingpushed解析:考查非谓语动词。此处表示听见某事正在发生,故应用hearsthdoing;letterbox与push之间是被动关系，因此用beingpushed。7. wire解析:考查名词。根据下文中的“wire”可知，小偷是用金属丝打开门的。故此处应填wire。&The解析:考查冠词。wire在上文已经提到过，因此此处用定冠词The。9.over/on解析:考查介词。本句句意:克拉克小姐提起水壶，把开水泼到了小偷的手上。poursthover/onsth“把泼到上”。lO.instantly解析:考查副词。这里是用副词修饰“pulledback”。W.短文改错（xx南昌调研）Iwillshareatrulystorywithyouthathappenedacoupleofdaysago.Oneofmyclassmateboughtabagofsnacksfromafoodstore.Afewroommatesweretheninvitedtoenjoysnacks.Luckily，allofthemgotpoisonedandhadstomachacheswithourfacespale.Theyarequicklysenttoanearbyhospital.Doctorsexaminedthembutgavethemsomemedicine.Theywereoutofdangersoonbeforetakingthemedicine.Thisaccidentshouldmakeustorealizetheseriousnessofthefoodsafetyproblem.Istrongsuggestthatthewholesocietypaymoreattentiontofoodsafety.答案:Iwillshareastorywithyouthathappenedacoupleofdaysago.Oneofmyboughtabagofsnacksfromafoodstore.Afewroommatesweretheninvitedtoenjoysnacks.，allofthemgotpoisonedandhadstomachacheswithfacespale.Theyquicklysenttoanearbyhospital.Doctorsexaminedthemgavethemsomemedicine.Theywereoutofdangersoontakingthemedicine.Thisaccidentshouldmakeusrealizetheseriousnessofthefoodsafetyproblem.Isuggestthatthewholesocietypaymoreattentiontofoodsafety.2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习考点规范练2Unit2Growingpains牛津译林版必修1I阅读理解Inthesummerof2002,myhusbandBrianandIfanciedalakesideholidayinEurope,andcameacrossapackageholidayinHungary（匈牙利），onLakeBalaton.Curiositygotthebetterofus.Withnofurtherinformation,weputourtrustinthetravelpany，andweretransferredtothesoutherntipofLakeBalaton.WeweretheonlyBritishguests，therestbeingGerman，AustrianandHungarian.Thehotelwasfine，theweatherwashotandthelakewasverywarm.Therewerefewtouristattractionslocally，butthehotelreceptionist（theonlyEnglishspeakerinthehotel）suggestedwevisitthenearbytownofHviz,notedforitsspa（矿泉）andlake.Inspiteofourlackoflanguageskills,weboardedthelocalbusand，halfanhourlater，arrivedinthesmalltownsquare.WithnosignpoststofollowinEnglish,wefollowedagroupofpeoplecarryingbagsandtowels.Momentslater,weenteredthehugewoodenentrancegatestotheparkandlake,andweretransportedbackawholecenturyaswecameuponthelakeandthedelightfulancientwoodenstructure.Thelakecoversanareaofaboutanacresurroundedbygrassybanksandisanimpressive110feetdeepwithaconstanttemperatureof39C.Itsedgesarecoveredinwaterlilies（睡莲）.Oncechanged,likemostotherswimmers,weweregivenanindustrial-sizedrubberring.Youcanliebackinthisrubberringandgentlymoveamongthewaterliliesinthewarmwater.Itwaspletelyrelaxingandmadeforanexperiencethatwasextremelyenjoyable,andthetalkingpointofourholidayformanyyears.【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。作者夫妇在匈牙利的巴拉顿湖（中欧最大的湖）度过了一个特别的假期,十几年后作者仍然记忆犹新。l. TheauthorandherhusbandwenttoLakeBalatonbecausethey.A. wantedtorelaxbesidealakeB. hadplannedtovisittherelongagoC. followedatravelpanysadviceD. wereeagertoknowsomethingaboutHungary答案:A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“myhusbandBrianandIfanciedalakesideholidayinEurope”可知，作者夫妇因为想去湖边度假,所以去了巴拉顿湖。2. Whatwasthebiggestchallengefacedbytheauthorduringthejourney?A. Language.B.Tightschedule.C.Limitedbudget.D.Acmodation.答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WeweretheonlyBritishguests”，第三段中的“theonlyEnglishspeakerinthehotel”，“ourlackoflanguageskills”及第四段中的“WithnosignpoststofollowinEnglish”可知，语言不通是作者夫妇此行的最大障碍。3. Bysayingtheunderlinedwords“weretransportedbackawholecentury”，theauthormeansthepark.A. isveryfarawayfromthehotelB. hasanantiqueatmosphereC. hasalonghistoryD. appearstobeold答案:B解析:推理判断题。根据本句中的“aswecameuponthelakeandthedelightfulancientwoodenstructure”可推测，湖区古色古香的木质结构让作者感觉像是穿越回到了一个世纪前。4. Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheholiday?A.Itistiring.B.Itisshort.C.Itissatisfying.D.Itisexpensive.答案:C解析:观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，此次旅行让作者非常放松而且成了作者多年来一直津津乐道的谈资。由此可推测，作者对于此次旅行非常满意。II完形填空（xx河南洛阳统考）Thetouristbuswindeditswayintoamountainousarea.Whenitwas1_tomakeaturn,twopassengersa2_ofyoungloversweresoattractedbythebeautifulscenerythatthey3_astoptogetdown.Theywereleftbehindandthebuswent_4_.Suddenlytheyheardaloudboom5_oftheroad.Itwasahugerockrollingdowninthelandslidethathitthebusandfellwithitintoadeepvalley.Theloversweregreatly6_bythenewsthatnopassengersonboard7_.Whentheycalmeddownthey8_andexpressedtheirfeelingsinafewwords.Theabovestorywastoldbyaguidewhenwewereridingatouris9_toascenicmountain.Heaskedustoguesswhattheloverssaid10_afterthedisasterthattheyhadnarrowlyescaped.Oftenwereadreportsabouttrafficaccidents,amongwhichtherewere11_oneswhomissedthebusand12_thedisaster.Thosepeopleusuallysaidwithasighof_13_.“FortunatelyIwasnotonboard.0nourbusthepassengers14_totheguidewerevarious.Buttheanswerwasquiteoutofourexpectation.“Ifwehadntgotdownand15thebus,itwouldhave16thedangerousspotandallthepassengerswouldhavesurvived.”Thestorypassedfrompersontopersonasasortofwit（智慧）test,butIthink_17.Itactuallyservesasa（n）18ofapersonsmind.Ipaymyheart-feltrespecttothecouplewho,insteadoffeelinglucky,19themselvesforcausingthelossoflives.Peopleallhaveheartfor20,butitisoftenaflashingthoughtacrossonesmindthatdecideswhetheritisgoodorevil（邪恶的）.【语篇导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。一对恋人在旅途中要求下车,后来旅游车被落石击中,旁人听了这个故事感叹这对恋人的运气好,而这对恋人却觉得是自己要下车耽误了时间才导致车祸发生的。不同的想法代表了人们不同的世界观。1. A.readyB.timeC.askedD.about答案:D解析:从故事情节看，这里说的是客车行驶在路上,不能用itwastimetodosth表示“做某事的时间到了”，而应用itwasabouttodosth表示“正准备做某事”。2. A.coupleB.groupC.partyD.row答案:A解析:这里说的是一对恋人，因此用couple“一对”。3. A.gottoB.calledforC.caughtsightofD.lookedfor答案:B解析:这里说的是这对恋人要求下车，故用callfor“要求”。4. A.awayB.inC.onD.by答案:C解析:这里用goon“继续”。客车继续往前行驶。5. A.alongB.aheadC.acrossD.opposite答案:B解析:此处表示客车往前开，然后被山上的落石击中了。因此这里用ahead“向前，往前”。6. A.shockedB.scaredC.movedD.confused答案:A解析:客车掉进了深谷，无人生还，听到这个消息,他们应该是感到震惊。故选shocked。7. A.diedB.savedC.survivedD.witnessed答案:c解析:根据上题解析可知，应选c项，表示“幸存”。8. A.shoutedB.screamedc.foughtD.sighed答案:D解析:看到悲剧的发生，这对恋人感到惋惜和难过，因此选D项,表示“叹息”。本题答案在后面的第13空前也有提示。9. A.carB.bikec.roadD.bus答案:D解析:根据定语tourist可知，这里应用bus表示送游客的游览车。下文的“Onourbus”也是提示。10. A.immediatelyB.evenc.onlyD.ever答案:A解析:这里用副词immediately“立即，即刻”。他让作者他们猜测这对恋人在车祸发生之后说了什么。11. A.lazyB.selfishc.luckyD.strange答案:C解析:有些人错过了车，结果躲过了灾难，这样的乘客可谓“幸运”。故选C项。12. A.missedB.avoidedC.causedD.remarked答案:B解析:根据上题解析可知，此处应用avoid“躲避，避免”。13. A.sorrowB.innocenceC.reliefD.regret答案:C解析：自己躲过劫难，觉得很幸运，因此当然会如释重负了，故选relief。14. A.emotionsB.expressionsC.repliesD.attitudes答案:C解析:根据后面的various可判断选C项。游客的回答五花八门。15. A.caughtB.delayedC.missedD.took答案:B解析:这对恋人要求下车，结果耽搁了时间。故选B项。16. A.seenB.passedC.jumpedD.overlooked答案:B解析:此处句意表示这对恋人认为如果不是他们要求下车耽误了时间,这辆车就能开出那个危险地带了。因此选B项，表示“过去，经过”。17. A.otherwiseB.moreC.whateverD.seriously答案:A解析:别人听这个故事感受到的是智慧，但作者的想法却不同。thinkotherwise“并非如此认为”，符合语境。18. A.examinationB.changeC.qualityD.state答案:A解析:作者认为这个故事其实是在考验一个人的思想境界。故用examination“考验”。19. A.thoughtB.blamedC.enjoyedD.helped答案:B解析:从前面的叙述可知，这对恋人非常自责，因此选B项。20. A.happinessB.excuseC.honorD.mercy答案:D解析:根据语境可知，此处表示人都有怜悯之心。III. 语篇填空Dearfriends，Waterisessentialforlife.Yetmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldfacewatershortages.Millionsofchildrendieeveryyearfromwater-borne1.(disease).Anddroughtregularlyafflictssomeoftheworldspoorestcountries.Theworldneedstorespondmuchbetter.Weneedtoincreasewaterefficiency,2.(especial)inagriculture.Weneedtofreewomenandgirls3.thedailychoresof4.(carry)water,oftenovergreatdistances.Wemustinvolvethemindecision-makingonwatermanagement.Weneedtomakesanitation卫生系统或设备)apriority.Thisiswhereprogressislagging(落后)most.Andwemustshowthatwaterresourcesneednotbeasourceofconflict.Instead，theycanbeacatalyst(催化剂forcooperation.Significantgainshavebeenmade.Butstillamajoreffort5.(require).Thatiswhythisyear6.(mark)thebeginningofthe“WaterforLifeDecade.Ourgoalis7.(meet)theinternationallyagreedtargetsforwaterandsanitationbyxx，8.tobuildthefoundationforfurtherprogressintheyearsbeyond.Thisis9.urgentmatterofhumandevelopment,andhumandignity.Together,wecanprovidesafe,cleanwatertoalltheworldspeople.Theworldswaterresourcesareourlifelinefor10.(survive),andforcontinuousimprovementinthe21stcentury.Together,wemustmanagethembetter.答案与解析:【语篇导读】水对于生命来说是必不可少的。每年有许多儿童死于由水传播的疾病,如何让整个人类和谐共享优质的水,作者给出了建议并发出了号召。1. disease(s)解析:考查名词的数。disease既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，故此处应填disease或diseases。2. especially解析:考查副词。此处修饰空后的介词短语,因此应该用副词形式。3. from解析:考查介词。根据固定搭配freesbfrom.“使某人摆脱”可知，此处应填介词from。4. carrying解析:考查非谓语动词。介词后面应该用动词的-ing形式,所以填carrying。5.isrequired解析:考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句中缺少谓语;根据整篇文章的时态及still的提示可知，此处应用一般现在时；由于句子的主语与require之间在逻辑上是动宾关系,主语为“amajoreffort”，所以用一般现在时的被动语态isrequired。6. marks解析:考查时态及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知句中why引导表语从句，从句中缺少谓语;根据本句中的is可知，此处应用一般现在时；由于主语是thisyear,为单数，因此应填marks。7. tomeet解析:考查非谓语动词。此处与8空后的不定式是并列关系，都作is的表语，因此此处应填不定式tomeet。&and解析:考查连词。此处应用and连接两个并列的非谓语动词。9. an解析:考查冠词。这是人类发展与人类尊严的一件紧迫之事。此处表示泛指“一件”，因此用不定冠词an。10. survival解析:考查名词。世界水资源是我们生存的生命线。介词for后面应用提示词的名词形式作其宾语。W.短文改错(xx河北唐山统考)Televisionplaysimportantpartinourlife.Itshowsusprogram，likethenewsandsportsevents.Wecanwatchfilms，listentointerviewsandhearingthesoundsofeventsthathappenedfaraway.Televisionteachusaboutcountriesandculturesbutwecanenjoyentertainment.Atelevisionsetcanbeusedforanotherthingsaswell.Youcanrecordshowsandfilmsforlateviewing，watchDVDs，orevenplayvideogames.Televisionhasbeingdevelopedover80years，influencedourlifeeversince.答案:Televisionplaysimportantpartinourlife.Itshowsus，likethenewsandsportsevents.Wecanwatchfilms，listentointerviewsandthesoundsofeventsthatfaraway.Televisionusaboutcountriesandcultureswecanenjoyentertainment.Atelevisionsetcanbeusedforthingsaswell.Youcanrecordshowsandfilmsforviewing,watchDVDs,orevenplayvideogames.Televisionhasdevelopedover80years,ourlifeeversince
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