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SimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternheroismAheroistheeternaltopicofhuman.Itsdefinitionwillbedifferentwiththechangeofnationality,culture,time,personaldifferences.Everyculturecouldshapeuniquehero.Heroismisthefundamentalandabundantsourceofforcewhichwillpushcontinuouslythehistoricprogress,socialdevelopment,andabundanceofhumanity.Itisakindofreflectaboutspecificculturalpursuit.Toacertainextent;itinfluencesthedevelopmentofhumansociety.ThispaperwillanalyzethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternheroismbyguanyouandAchillescharacterscomparisonanddiscussthereasoncausingthedifference.Essenceofheroisthatwhenhumanfacedeath,nature,societyandvariousalienforcethatoppressesanddistortsman,resultinginproducingapositiveandintensewillingoflifewhichhasthecouragetobreakthroughandfighttheretreat.Becauseofthis,heroworshipassociatedwithhumansocietycomesintobeingandthroughouthumansociety.Wecansayheroisminpromotingthedevelopmentofhumansocietyhasindelibleinfluence.Butheroismisnotabstractandrootlessexist,Itneedstoinoculateinspecificrealities,differentculturalbackgroundandvaluesystemwillportrayadifferenttypeofhero.ThispaperwillanalyzesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternheroismbythecomparisonofthetwoheroes.AlthoughGuanyouandAchillesbelongtodifferenteras,theroadofachievementhassomesimilarities,thefaithofbuildingbusinessisoneofthem.Inthelastyears,theHandynastychaosontheonehand,theyellowturbaninsurrectionaryuprising.ontheotherhand,Dongzhuomutinies.Wecanevensayguanyulivesinatroubledtime.Butitisso-calledaheroisknowninthetime”,andsuchturbulentdaysgiveguanyouanopportunitytoachievehiscareer.Whentheyellowturbaninsurrectionaryuprising,Guanyuadheresthebeliefofservingourcountryandbuildinggreatcareerandbecamebrotherswithliebee.Sincethen,guanyouwithhisloyalty,followsLiubeeforwar,grabsyoujinandpangde,waterfloodssevenarmies.Allwithoutexceptionshowshisbeliefofbuildingasolidcareer.Similarly,Achillesroadofheroandhisbeliefofbuildingasolidcareerarecloselylinked.InHomerepicpoems,wecanclearlyrealizeAchillesisanindividualismsupremehero.Becauseoftheheroshonor,heparticipatedintheTrojanwar(althoughhehadpredictedhisdeath).Butinordertogetthehonor,hemustestablishgreatexploits.Heisevervictorious,especiallyintheTrojanwar,hekillsthecaptainofTroy,Hector,andbecomesthegreatestheroinGreekhistory.Thus,aherosachievementneedsafirmbelieftosupport.Historically,wecansayguanyuismodeloftheloyaltyandbrave.Peopleadmirehisextraordinarilybrave,butalsotheyareshockedandmoved.bytheunbendingspiritaltogether.Forexample,fromthethingthatguanyufailsinMadisontosee,guanyulosesthejingzhouforcarelessness.Lvmengmakeitspieces,andsentsoldiersheavilytosurroundthem.Liufenglistenstothegossip,andrefusetosendtroopstorescue,causingguanyuintodespair.DongwusentZhuGeJintopersuade,butguanyurefusestotakethebaitandsays:”ifthecityisbroken,Iwouldjustdie.TheJadecanbebroken,butthisdoesnotchangeitswhite.Thebamboocanbeconsumed,butitdoesnotdestroyitssection.AlthoughMybodyisdead,Thereputationcancirculatedown.ItshowsthatGuanyustheheroismofpayingattentiontothegreat-hearted.AlthoughAchillestemperamentofheromoredisplaysinitspersonalhonor,thesameheroismstilldeserveourrespect.IntheTrojanwar,whenAgamemnonclaimstorobhisbelovedfemaleslave,heangrilysays:Idontwanttoletpeopledespiseandstayhereforyoutoincreasewealth.HepubliclyrebukesAgamemnonthatharmsotherstobenefitoneselfandrefusetofight.Obviously,hesnotforfinanceandslavesbutforhisheroicalhonor.Buttheunbendingheroismalsostillletusappreciates.Sincethesixdynastiesbegan,Guanyuwasworshipedbydifferentgenerationsofpeopleconstantly.Afterthethreekingdoms,GuanyuwasmodeledintoasupremegodwhomeltsConfucianism,TaoismandBuddhism.Buttheguanyuisreallynotgod,heisonlyalegendaryhero.Theherosmostprominentcharacterisjusticeandbrave.Thebraveisneedlesstosay,fightlvbu,killhuaxioangandattendabanquetwithasingle-tool.Allwithoutexceptionshowsthatheisheroicandinvincible.Asfortherighteousness,theauthorspendsanamountofinkcraftingelaborately.Here,therearetwocriticalplots,Theoneisguanyoudsurrender,anotheristhatGunnyreleasescacaoinhearingway.Butsurrenderingcacaodoesforgetitsresource,heisarighteousmanintheworld.Althoughfromtheoverallsituationfreeingcooisinappropriate,Ithighlightsguanyousrighteousness.Inaddition,guanyuhasobviousflawsofcharacter.Heisself-willedandhekeepsthetailfromwaggingthedog.Heisabsentwithoutleave,andheforcesMacaotofight.Inaddition,heunderestimatestheenemysothatheloststhejingzhouandsoon.Inconclusion,wecanseethatguanyusextremecontradictionsofinherentcharacter,butalsobecauseofthis,itjustletsusknowatruehero.Achillesimagedoesnotlikeotherdeitieswhoareshapedtheabstractionofthesacredness,butitspecificallyreflectsitsimageofthecontradictionsandcomplex.Achillesisacompleteandrichman.Hischaracteriscomplex,emotionalandheloveshismother,respectsfortheelderly,andprotectstheweak.WhenHectorsoldfatherwithagiftappealstoallowhimtotakebackthecorpseofhisson,hegentlelyloosenshishandswhichcuddlehiskneesandtearswiththeoldfathertogetherandsoothetheoldmantoaccepthisownmisfortune.Achillestearsnotonlyhavethesympathyfortheold,butalsohavethememoriesforhisfatherandfriends.Later,AchillesputHectorscorpsereturnhisfather,andannouncethatstopsiegeintwelvedays.ThismakesHectorbeburiedinwholeritual.Heconsoleshisenemiessincerelyandopenlyandencouragethemtobestrongenoughandenduremiseryandsadness.Thispracticeisnotfortheenemysmercy,butforhimselfandbigsympathyforthewholehuman.Hisgoodnaturewasshowedbythissituationandthisalsoappearsthecharactersofdemi-godstohavemorehumancharacteristics.Collectivismheroviewwasformedduringtheperiodofsavagetocivilizationinhumansocietystepbystep,andfinallybecamespiritualvalueswithcollectiveconsciousness.Itbelongstothevaluejudgmentinideology.ItestablishesSpecificfiguresthosewhohastheLofty,solemnandstirring,defiantandenterprisingcharacterasexampleinsocialgroups.Thepurposeintopromotethissocialgroupsforthemostperfect,themostnoble,mostrepresentoverallinterestsambitioustargetsinaparticularperiod,Andtocall,encouragingandincentivesocialallmenmimicthecharacter,inordertoachieveorcompletethecausetheultimategoal.ConfucianculturespreadfarinChina,whichhasbeenquietlyaffectthegenerationsofChinesepeopleforthousandsofyears.Confucianism,whichprofoundthoughtsofmoderationisitsessence,Thedoctrineofthemeankeyliesintheriteandbenevolence,Namely,behaveproperlyandmakebelieffirmlyinallthings.Ithasthreeprinciples,firstly,self-supervisionandself-taught,secondly,loyaltyandtolerance,thirdly,themostsincereandthemostlove.SincetheHandynasty,Confucian,becomingthenationalorthodoxideologyandpeoplesbehaviormodel,hasbeenusingbymanyrulersandflourishedineverydynasty.Therefore,inthisideologicalandculturalbackground,peoplespsychologicalwasaffectednaturedly,butpsychologicaldominatebehavior.So,theherowhocreatedbytheparticularculturalenvironment,alsogettherecognitionbypeople.IntensivereadingofTheThreeKingdoms,wecanfindthatthecharactersofallshowsthattheConfucianplotthoughtsofmoderation.Forexample,emperorDingofJinasksinanalects,”Emperorcommandminister，andministerserveemperor,Whatsthestory?Confuciussays,Emperorcommandministerwithmanners,ministerserveemperorwithhonest.RememberingLibelthreeattendtothatchedhutwithhonestcompletely,KongMinggiveonesalltillonesheartstopsbeatingasreturn,HeseizedPenghuseventimesandreleasedseventimesinSouthernbarrenland,andwentouttobattlefromImountainsixtimes.Heknewhecannotdobutdo,justwhatiscalledAgentlemanisreadytodieforhisbosomfriends.Moreover,fromthegeographicalenvironmentAngle,ThebirthplaceofOrientalcultureisChinasYellowRiverbasin,wherelandisfertileandterrainisflat.Theclimateisverywell,Suitablefordevelopingagriculturalproduction,Soagriculturaltechnologyadvancedanddeveloped.Agriculturalproductionprocessiscomplicated,needtocooperate,emphasizingharmony,andevolvedthecollectiveheroism”whichemphasizethecollectivewisdom.HuntinginFustianforexample,Caocoocontrolsthepoliticalsituationusingemperorgovernors,Hefearedeverybodydefiedhim,soduringthehuntingheGrabbedlimelightfromtheemperorXianinordertotestwhetherministerswerefaithfultohim.Whileeveryoneweregrindingtheirteeth,GuanYupulledouthisswordandwanttokillcaocao,butLiuBeiblockedhisaction.GuanYuaskedLiuBei,Caocaowasbullyingtheemperor,Iwanttokillhimforthekingdom,whydidelderbrotherstopme?LiuBeisaid,”Glasshouseshouldnotthrowstones.Caocaoandtheemperorstooclose,heissurroundedbyalotofhelp.Ifyoudelaytheproperbusiness,andhurttheemperorjustbecauseagreatanger,wearealsoguilty.thusitcanbeseen,LiuBeiwhocanrecognizethesituationforthebigpicture,waitingforanopportunityforanothermeaningfulplan,isawiseman.Thisistypicalofcollectivismheroview.Personalheroismmeansapersonwhoaredivorcedfromthemasses,believedpersonalpowerverymuchandtoperformcertainsocialmissionusingheroismthoughtandbehavior.Seeingindividualismfortheprinciple,itexaggeratedordiscomfortlocalemphasisonindividualinsociallifeandtheroleofhistoricalactivities,denyingpeoplespowerandwisdom.Itshowsthatundeservedreputation,self-righteousness,pridedhimselfonallasthecharacteristic.Firstofall,fromgeographicalfactorsspeaking,westerncultureoriginatedinancientGreece,whereislocatedintheEuropeanBalkanandtheAegeanSeaareas.Thelandareaisnarrow,themountainisnumerous,Mediterraneanclimateisgivenprioritytoalltypeofclimate,soitisnotsuitablefordevelopingagriculturalproductionandtheproductivityisnothigh.thepeopleinthisarealiveonhunting.theseindustrycanverygoodoutstandingpersonalpower.Thosepeoplewhoarebraveandstrongwillcapturemorepreywhithindividualeffort,Sopersonalheroismwasborn.Moreover,fromtheculturalaspectslook,ancientGreekculturemainlycomesfromtheGreekmyth,ButtheGreekmythologylackofaunifiedofmoralcriteria.instead,Theyuseperfectratherthanthequalityastheevaluationstandardofthings.Therefore,westernersarerarelyprim,thishelpstheircharacterespeciallycreativedevelopment.Butalsobecauseofthis,Theyaretoopursuitofmaterialinterestsandsensorystimulationwithouttheethicalbondage,thuspersonaldesireswillunlimitedexpansion,AgamemnoninvadedothercountrieswithoutscrupleintheworkofTroyreflectedthatverywell.IllustratedbytheexampleofthebattlebetweentheGreeceandthe沙斯里.Bothsidesdidnotlaunchthelarge-scalekillingbetweenarmylikewhatChinadid.Achillesand巴古力斯tobattleonbehalfofthetwocountries.Winorlosetosetthecountrywithpersonalsuccessorfailure.EventuallyAchillesprevailed,沙斯里fellatfeet.Thisistypicalofpersonalattention-seekingbehavior.Asisalreadymentioned,guanyutakespartinthearmybecauseofhisloyaltyforcountry,andthebeliefofbuildinggreatcareer.Heparticipateinthewarforyearswithliubei,meanwhile,thoughtheyarebusyrunningaboutanddependingonothersforlivingandfrustration.HealwaysabidesbytheoathofServingmycountryandmakingthepeoplestable,andheneverforgetstheoath.Forexample,whenheheardthetrackofliubei,heresolutelylosestheprintandrunstothehan.Suchbehaviorisincountryssenseofhonor.WecansaythatGuanyusgreat-heartedhasaninfluenceonhislatergreatcareerandreputation.Guanyuiscalledthesaint,andheisthechiefoffiveadmirals,sohisvalorousdegreeneedsnottosay.Owningtohiswonderfullitrarygraceandwarlikeexploits,thelatergenerationsbecomesmorerespectfulforhim.Withthefloodingsevenarmyasanexample,afterliubeiisnamedqueen,heordersGuanyutoattackthexiangyangandfancheng.Caocaoletstheyujinbeamarshalandpangdebeapioneer,bothofthemleadsevenarmiestoattackenemies.Pangdeisgoodatwar,Guanyuisalmosydefeatedbyhim.Yujinenviespangedandwithdrawsthetroopsbyblowinggongs.Guanyucomesbacktothecampandlookatthebookofwarandpositionofenemesatnight.Hetakesadvantagesofthefreshetinxiangjiangriver,floodingthesevenarmiesbyswitchingoffandcatchingtheyujinandpangde.Wecansaythatfloodingthesevenarmiesisthebestreflectsofwonderfullibrarygraceandwarlikeexploits.Thetwopointsdisplaychiefly“SurrenderCaoandreleaseCao,withthesurrenderingcaoasanexample,althoughGuanyusurrendersCaocao,heappointsthreethingswithcaoaobeforesurrenderinghim:heonlysurrendershanemperor,notsurrendercaocao;SettleTwosister-in-law;Ifheknowsthetrackofliu,immediatelyhewillfindhim.Fromthatwecanseealthoughguanyuisinthecamp,hismindisinthehan.Later,inordertoretainguanyu,caocaofetesguanyueverythreeorfivedays,giveshimgoldandsilverandbeautifulgirls,againgivehimelitehousesandgreattitle.Butevenifsuchtreatment,caocaocannotstillretainguanyu.Whenheknowsthetrackofliubei,heabandonseverything,passfiveobstaclesandkillsixmilitaries.Fromthis,wecanseethathisheroismofloyaltyandgreat-hearted.Beforefreeingcaocaoinhuarongway,guanyuhadmadethepledge.Asaseasonedveteran,heknowsthatconsequencesofdefyingpledge,butcaocaosays:”Doyourememberpassingfiveobstacles”,thismakesguanyuthinkhispreviousgrace.Forexample,caocaogivesarobeonthebridge,messengerssendmessages,ZhangLiaosendstheinstructionandsoon.Ifcaocaoisnottolerant,guanyuisdifficulttopassthroughsomanyhurdles.Thinkingaboutit,guanyuletsthemgo.Generationsofpeoplenotonlyblamehim,butalsotheypraiseguanyuthathepaysattentiontothegreat-heartedandrepaygrace.Peopletakethereleaseofcaocaoasagoodthing.Losingjingzhouduetocarelessnessisavividportraiture.Thoughhebuildssomanymerits,andbecomesthefamousgeneral,healsobecomesarrogantanddefiant.Becauseofthis,heforgetszhugeliangswordsthatthestrategyofrejectingcaocaointhenorthandunitingsunquanintheeast.Itmakeshimselfintothedangerwhicharethreatenedfrombothquarters.Hereadilybelievesluxunswordswhichisfalseandadulateandunderestimatesthepowerofdongwu.Herashlytakesawaysomanydefendersinjingzhousothatlvmengandluxungetsanopportunity.Untiltheend,healsodontlistentotheopinionsofothers,andrejectWingfuscorrectadvice.Whenhesallies,hedoesnotlistentotheWangFuswarningofhavingtheambushintheway,andsay:althoughthereistheambush,Iamnotafraid!EventuallyhewascapturedandKilledbyenemies.Sowecansaythathewaspushedtheendingoftragedybytheself-importantcharacterandbecomeafailinghero.ThoughAchillesisahero,healsohasweaknesses.Forexample,whenAgamemnonwantstooccupythebeautifulcaptivewhowascapturedbyAchilles,hepubliclyrebukesAgamemnonwhoharmsotherstobenefitoneselfandrefusestofight.ThebehaviourwhichheblamesAgamemnoniscorrect,butbutstubbornwarisinappropriatebehavior.Becouseasthechiefcommander,hisleadrolefortroopsandmoraleboostcannotbereplacedbyothers.IntheGreekarmy,itreallycantfindthegeneralwhocanopposeHector.Soifhedoesnotleadsoldierstochargeforward,thesoldierswillbelikeagroupofsoullessstragglers.whilehistrucealsobringsalotofinevitablelosses,eventuallyledtosacrificeofPatoroklos.Atthistime,heonlythinksofhispersonalinterests,hisreputationandwomen,andforgetsthelifeoftheotherinnocentsoldierisalsoimportant,Becouseofthemomentaryanger,hiswaywardtruceleadsthedisastrousdefeatofGreekmilitary.Asthemaincharacterofepicworkinthethemeofwar,theymustreflectthennationalspirit.Epiccharactersoftenshowthefullpowerofthenationbytheirownpersonality,andthemajorheroicimageisjustliveandreal.PersonalityofAchillesisthecharacteroftypicalnationalspirit.Hewantstocryandcry,wantstosmileandsmile,wantstomurderandmurder,wantstosleepandsleep.Heisaundisguisedpersonandhisbodyandsoularebare.Evenheiscruel,buthealsoissomewhatfrankandcherubic.Heisbold,unrestrainedandrestless.Helovesadventuresandadvocatesofforce.HeobviouslyshowstheGreekpursuitforfreedomandheroismofadvocatingforce.AlthoughAchillesisamythicalfigure,buttheauthorhasgivenhiscomplexandmulti-layeredhumanity.HeisthegreatestheroinGreekarmyandheiscourageousandfearless.HeisthesouloftheGreekarmyandheplaysapivotalroleforthelatervictoryofthewar.Buthealsoexistsmanyweaknesses.Forexample,afterhekillsHector,hemakeshiscorpsetonailthechariotanddriveittoparade.HeignoresthesadnessintheTrojan,itshowsthathismeasuresisverycruel.ThisaccordswiththecharacteristicofleadersinthetribewhichistransitingfromSlavesocietytotheprimitivesociety.AfterwardsheagainattacksTroyandheignoresApollosdissuasionandtalkwildlytoApollo,eventuallyhewasshotbyarrowsfromhiding.AbovewecanseeAchillesisalsoacruel,capriciousandobstinateperson.Tosumup,wecanseethattheChineseheroicalcultureiscollectivisticbyanalyzingguanyouandAchillescharacterscomparisonanditisthehopeofthewholenation.Manytimes,thisalsoisakindofsymbolicspiritualsymbol,theylookslikethesacredheroeswhobeyondtheaveragepersons.whiletheheroicalcultureintheWesternreflectsthepersonalvolitivefreedom,itoftenexpressestoestablishindividualmeritandtheachievementofpersonalstatusinthehistory.TheWesternheroesusuallyaresupermanwhocansavemankindandnations,theyreflectsakindofvisualconcrete.Afterlearningaboutonemonth,Ifinallycompletethepaper.Fromcontactingthetopicofpapertotherealizationofthesystem,everystepisakindofnewattemptandchallenge.Duringthistime,Ilearnalotofknowledgeandthereisalsoalotoffeeling.Inordertowritethepaper,Ilookthroughmanyrelevantinformationandliterature.Thismakesmymindgraduallyformaclearframeworkandlettheworkconstantlyenrich.Althoughthepaperhasmanyshortcomings,theprocessofwritingmakesmegetmorebenefits.Ihopethatthisexperiencecanmakemetocontinuetheprogressinthesubsequentworkandstudy.
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