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课后能力测评(一) . 完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。字数：293完成时间：15分钟难度：The basic meaning of“pet”is an animal we keep for emotional (情感的) rather than economic reasons. A pet animal is _1_ as a companion, and we all need companions to keep as feeling happy._2_ pets offer more than mere(only) companionship: they invite us to love and be loved. Many _3_ feel their pets understand them, for animals are _4_ to sense anger and sorrow. Often a cat or dog can comfort us _5_ when human words dont help. We feel loved, too, by the way pets _6_ us for a home, for food and drink. Dogs _7_， look up to their owners, _8_ makes them feel important and needed.A pet can be something _9_ to each member of the family, another baby to the mother, a sister or brother to a(n) _10_ child, a grandchild to the elderly, but for all of us pets provide _11_ and companionship. It has _12_ been suggested that tiny pets _13_ be sent as companions to astronauts on space ships, to help reduce the stress (紧张) and _14_ of space flights.In this Plastic Age, when most of us live in large cities, pets are particularly important for _15_. A pet in the family keeps people in _16_ with the more natural，animal world. Seeing an animal give birth brings understanding of the naturalness of childbirth, and seeing a pet _17_ helps a child to cope with sorrow. Learning to _18_ a pet helps a child to grow up into a loving adult who feels _19_ toward those dependent on them. Rightly we teach children to be good to their pets. They should learn, too, that pets are _20_ for us human beings.1. A. known B. looked upon C. treated D. kept2. A. But B. However C. So D. Otherwise3. A. masters B. owners C. bosses D. hosts4. A. slow B. quick C. easy D. difficult5. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. at no time6. A. depend on B. live on C. wait on D. look on7. A. especially B. hardly C. hopefully D. entirely8. A. it B. who C. which D. what9. A. dangerous B. necessary C. the same D. different10. A. single B. only C. separate D. alone11. A. loss B. love C. trouble D. pleasure12. A. ever B. even C. never D. probably13. A. would B. could C. should D. must14. A. loneliness B. distance C. darkness D. weight15. A. housewives B. childrenC. grown-ups D. relatives16. A. connection B. conversationC. touch D. love17. A. die B. suffer C. cry D. fight18. A. pay for B. ask for C. call for D. care for19. A. comfortable B. suitable C. valuable D. responsible20. A. fit B. good C. expensive D. bad. 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A字数：343完成时间：15分钟难度：Burning the midnight oil before an exam or interview has an opposite effect according to a research which found that sleep is necessary for memories to be “downloaded” into the brain.“A good nights sleep within 30 hours of trying to remember a new task is a necessary condition of having good recall in the weeks ahead，” scientists have found.“We think that getting that first nights sleep starts the process of memory consolidation(加强)，” said Robert Stickgold, a sleep researcher at Harvard Medical School who conducted the latest study.“It seems that memories are normally washed out of the brain unless some process nails them down. I feel uncertain that sleep is one of those things that do the nailing down，” Professor Stickgold said.Professor Stickgolds team trained the 24 people to tell the direction of three diagonal bars (斜线) shown for a sixtieth of a second on a computer screen full of horizontal stripes (水平线)Half the subjects were kept awake that night, while the others slept. Both groups were allowed to sleep for the second and third nights to make up for any differences in tiredness between the volunteers.Those who slept the first night were much better at remembering the task while the second group showed no improvement in spite of enjoying two nights of catch-up sleep.A further study by scientists at the Medical University at Lubeck in Germany showed that memories are laid down in two stages during the night. The first is during the deep, so-called “slow wave” sleep, which usually takes place in the first half of the night. The second, and less important stage happens during the periods of dreaming or “rapid eye movement (REM)”. When people dont sleep well in the first half of the night, their memory consolidation is almost the same as having no sleep at all.1. Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the first paragraph?A. It is necessary to burn the midnight oil before an exam or interview.B. Sleep speeds up the loss of memory.C. Man should have a good sleep if he wants to keep a good memory.D. Staying up late will make you better prepared for an exam or interview.2. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that_.A. some process helps memories to be washed out of the brainB. Professor Stickgold is doubtful about whether sleep can make memories worseC. some memories normally influence the function of the brainD. sleep may can improve the condition of memories3. How was the research conducted by Professor Stickgold?A. The subjects were divided into two groups.B. All the subjects were kept awake for 3 nights.C. One group slept at the first night but was kept awake the next two nights.D. One group was kept awake for 3 nights but the other slept for the second and third nights.4. What was the study result of the scientists at the Medical University at Lubeck?A. REM sleep is not important at all for the consolidation for memory.B. Intellectual performance mainly depends on the slow wave sleep period.C. When people sleep poorly in the first half of the night, it is almost the same as having no sleep at all.D. REM sleep is as important as slow wave sleep in terms of memory recall.5. The BEST title of this passage is _.A. Sleep Necessary for MemoriesB. The Importance of the First Stage of SleepC. Studies Made by Scientists About SleepD. The Scientists Achievement in Sleep ResearchB字数：290完成时间：10分钟难度：The blockbuster film Titanic has brought millions of dollars and thousands of people to the theaters and continues to touch people today in their homes. Why is this film so successful? It is a combination of many different things. Among these are many different elements. Looking at some of these elements will show how the director and others involved were able to create an emotionally charged movie that appealed to millions.The film uses one thematic(主题的) element called The Truth of Human Nature. The two main characters seem to represent noble people. Most of the other characters in the film are shown as non-tolerant, rude and cold-hearted people. The element of focusing on the two main characters love and emotion seems symbolic of an ideal state.There are also social problems addressed. This is done in a few different ways. The most noticeable way is that the lower class people remain locked in the basement as the ship goes down. Throughout Titanic, the lighting is very important. The poor, lower class people are always shown in very warm-coloured light that gives them a sense of life and happiness. On the other hand, the rich, upper class are always shown in a flat light portraying the feeling of hardness and coldness. By using these techniques, they show the issue of class segregation(种族隔离), and they create stereotypes. The main characters are able to break free of these stereotypes and be together. This is the solution to the segregation problem.As you can see, Titanic took a lot of thinking and preparation to film in a manner that would create emotion and bring to the surface the issues and story of the great ship.6. The underlined word “blockbuster” in the first paragraph probably means “_”A. something very successfulB. a highly explosive bombC. something worth a lot of moneyD. a touching story7. In Titanic, the scene of the lower class people remaining locked in the basement as the ship goes down is used to _.A. criticize non-tolerant and cold-hearted rich peopleB. enlarge the spectacle of the filmC. criticize the reality of the societyD. emphasize the condition of the poor at that time8. Why were different colours of light used in the film Titanic?A. They were used to show the difference between the rich and the poor.B. The director was determined to achieve good visual effect.C. The social status was represented by the color of light in the past.D. The use of light was the main technique the director made use of.9. What can we infer from the passage?A. The segregation problem in the society can be solved by using the light.B. Though love is the main theme of Titanic, it also reflects some social problems.C. Because of the directors talents, the film Titanic achieved great success.D. In the film Titanic there are two characters altogether.10. The writer mainly talks about _ in this passage.A. the process of shooting TitanicB. the leading actor and actress in TitanicC. the main techniques used in TitanicD. the outline of Titanic. 短文改错 (山西晋中市2020;2020届高三四校12月份联考)下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。字数：111完成时间：5分钟难度：Friendship is very importance. Everyone needs friendship. In all our lives we cant live without friendship just as we cant live without air and water. Friendship makes us getting on well with one another to go ahead under different kind of difficulties in the front of us. But real friendship is no easy to come by. True friendship must be sincerely and be based on understand each other but not on benefits of each other. A good friend can always be a good teacher to us.By his advices we are persuading to go the right way. Therefore，more friends we have, the better we can improve ourselves.课后能力测评（一）.1. 解析：选D。从空后的“.and we all need companions to keep as feeling happy”可知，作者认为人们是把宠物作为伴侣来养，而不是把它看作伴侣。2. 解析：选A。从空后的“more than mere (only) companionship”可知，本句与上句为转折关系。3. 解析：选B。从空后的“their pets”可知，这里表示的是宠物的拥有者。host是相对客人而言；master是相对仆人(servant)而言；boss是相对雇用者而言；owner指某物的所有者。4. 解析：选B。quick在这里意为“反应灵敏”。5.解析：选C。at times在句中相当于 sometimes。6. 解析：选A。句意为：通过宠物依赖于我们给它们一个家、食物、饮水的同时我们也感受到爱。depend on sb. for sth.意为“依靠某人获得某物”。7. 解析：选A。作者认为在这一点上狗的表现最突出，因此用especially表示。8. 解析：选C。which引导非限制性定语从句，在这里指代“Dogs 7 ，look up to their owners”。look up to 在这里意为“尊敬，尊重”。9. 解析：选D。从空后的“another baby to the mother, a sister or brother to a(n) 10 child, a grandchild to the elderly”可知,宠物对于不同的家庭成员其角色是不一样的。10. 解析：选B。single意为“单身的”，指没有结婚;alone不可作定语，因此A、D两项不符合句意，故选B。11. 解析：选D。句意为：宠物给我们带来欢乐和陪伴。从空后的“and companionship”可知，应选D。12. 解析：选B。句意为：甚至有人建议把小宠物带到宇宙飞船上给宇航员做伴。even意为“甚至”，用在这里加强语气。13. 解析：选C。suggest后的宾语从句用的是虚拟语气，其谓语是“should+动词原形”。14. 解析：选A。宠物用来减轻宇航员飞行中的紧张与孤独。15. 解析：选B。最后一段论述了宠物对孩子性格培养方面的重要作用。所以这里应该是针对孩子而言。16. 解析：选C。句意为:宠物使得（家庭中的）人们与更多的自然界动物保持接触。keep in touch with 与保持联系。17. 解析：选A。die 在此与give birth 相对，从空后的“with sorrow”也可以得到此答案的提示。18. 解析：选D。care for 意为“关心，照顾”，符合语境。19. 解析：选D。句意为：学会关心宠物有助于将孩子培养成有爱心的成年人，他们会对需要自己的人“负责”。20. 解析：选B。句意为：他们也会知道宠物对我们人类有益处。be good for对有好处。. 1. 解析：选C。推理判断题。本文通过实验说明好的睡眠对记忆力至关重要。文章第一段就交代了整篇文章的中心。2. 解析：选D。推理判断题。Professor Stickgold的话说明：睡眠也许是不让记忆力衰退的关键之一。3. 解析：选A。细节理解题。文章第六、七段介绍了参与实验者被分成两组，一组第一天晚上睡觉，另一组第一天晚上不睡觉。4. 解析：选B。细节理解题。文章最后一段说明了slow wave睡眠阶段对记忆的重要性。5. 解析：选A。标题概括题。归纳文章第一段的内容可知答案。6. 解析：选A。根据第一句的描述可知，泰坦尼克很受人们的欢迎，感动了很多的人，是一部很成功的电影。7. 解析：选D。第三段开头指出“里面也反映了一些社会问题”。然后接着列举了船下沉的时候下层人民仍被困在地下室里的情节。故选D。8. 解析：选A。根据文章第三段倒数第三句“By using these techniques, they show the issue of class segregation.”可知，选A。9. 解析：选B。通读全文可知，泰坦尼克中爱情是主题，但也反映了一些社会问题。10. 解析：选C。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了电影泰坦尼克中运用的主要拍摄技巧。选修8课后能力测评(二) . 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A字数：321完成时间：15分钟难度：With petroleum reserves (石油储量) decreasing, the search is on to replace gas with a cleaner，greener alternative. Though much eco-talk has centered on biofuels from corn and soybeans, the biofuel that looks more likely to replace petroleum comes from a most unlikely source: algae(藻类)Algae, like corn, soybeans, and other crops, grow via photosynthesis(光合作用) and can be processed into fuel oil. However, they yield 30 times more energy than land crops such as soybeans, according to the US. Department of Energy. Many algae species also can grow in saltwater and polluted waterwhile corn and soy require arable land and fresh water that will be in short supply as the worlds population balloons.“If you replaced all the diesel(柴油) in the US. with soy biodiesel, it would take half the land mass of the US. to grow those soybeans，”says Matt Caspari, chief executive of Aurora Biofuels, a Berkeley, Calif-based private firm that specializes in algae oil technology. On the other hand, the Energy Department says that if algae fuel replaced all the petroleum fuel in the United States, it would require 15,000 square miles, which is a few thousand miles larger than Maryland (12,407 square miles), the 42nd state in land area.Another bonus: Because algae can be grown just about anywhere in a closed space, theyre being tested at several power plants across the nation as a carbon absorber. Smokestack emissions (烟囱排放物) can be pumped directly into the ponds, feeding the algae while keeping greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere.Although processing technology for algae fuelalso known as “oilgae” in some environmentalist circlesis improving, its still years away from reaching your local gas pump. “Its just a question of cost, because no large-scale facilities have been built yet，” Caspari says.1. The underlined word “yield” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by _.A. control B. requireC. produce D. grow2. Compared with corn and soybeans, algae_.A. may pollute water and soilB. can grow in poor conditionsC. provide much less energyD. need more special care3. According to Paragraph 3, one of the advantages of algae fuel is that_.A. it can be used more widelyB. it is more easy to produceC. it needs much less landD. it costs much less money4. What do we learn about algae from Paragraph 4?A. Algae help protect the environment.B. People can grow algae anywhere.C. Fish can get more oxygen from algae.D. Algae produce less waste.5. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Environmental protection.B. Biofuels from corn and soybeans.C. The false hope of biofuels.D. A promising oil alternative.B字数：378完成时间：5分钟难度：Prince Charles yesterday, promised to reduce the royal impact on the environment through sweeping changes to his personal lifestyle and official schedule. The prince will replace carbon-heavy private jets and helicopters with scheduled flights and train services.The move came as Prince Charles urged business leaders to publish the environmental impact of their activities. He said, “Few accountants and business decision-makers ask, How much of our critical natural resource is left? How many miles of polar ice cap has our business helped melt this year? By how many inches have we raised sea levels? How many species have we put at risk? How many homes will be flooded, how many people will die of thirst or starvation because of our activities？ These are not comfortable questions, but, by God, they need to be asked.”He added,“At the moment these costs do not appear in anyones books. Yet they are real, they are incurred (遭受) now and in a relatively short time, the damage being caused may be beyond remedy(补救)”He said the world was “running up the_biggest_global_credit_card_debt in history, but with little or no thought for how the bill will ever be paid”Flanked by (两侧有) the prime minister and business and community leaders at St James Palace, the prince said his new accounting for sustainability (可持续性) project would give consumers the power to choose products that caused less damage to the planet.Duchy Originals, the Princes food company, is taking steps to quantify how much carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas is emitted in growing, processing and distributing its products.The changes to the Princes travel arrangements announced yesterday are part of a wider review of the carbon footprint associated with activities at all three of his residences: Clarence House in London, Highgrove and Birkhall on the Balmoral estate, as well as the activities of his 21 personal and 105 full-time staff.Measures include a review of electricity use, commuter(通勤者) and other staff travel and are intended to identify further reductions in carbon dioxide emissions. The review will report in June, when Clarence House will announce annual targets to reduce carbon emissions.6. One of the moves Prince Charles will take to reduce the royal impact on the environment is _.A. taking private jets that are not carbon-heavyB. taking helicopters instead of private jetsC. taking trains instead of scheduled flightsD. taking scheduled flights instead of helicopters7. How does Prince Charles feel about business leaders in terms of environmental protection?A. Dissatisfied. B. Disappointed.C. Doubtful. D. Impatient.8. Duchy Originals will _ in response to Prince Charles calls.A. make as much green food as possibleB. cut down on its electricity useC. figure out its greenhouse gas emissionD. reduce its greenhouse gas emission9. The underlined phrase “the biggest global credit card debt” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to _.A. the great amount of waste produced by industryB. the great damage caused for the environmentC. the great amount of debts of the royal familyD. the high cost of industry in the producing process10. What would be the BEST title of the passage?A. Prince Charles promises greener royal lifestyleB. Better late than neverC. Prince Charles and his concern for the environmentD. The royal family has a role to play in environment protection. 信息匹配 (浙江省诸暨中学高三12月月考)阅读下列材料， 并从所给的六个选项(A、B、C、D、E、F)中选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余选项。字数：573完成时间：12分钟难度：The people below travelled abroad. Read the following stories and decide what problem each traveler experienced while traveling.1. David got lost in an isolated place. To make matter worse, he had an accident and couldnt walk freely. So he was in great need of timely help.2. Paul had to buy a hamburger and ate it in the park instead of eating his mothers delicious chicken, with which he couldnt go through the customs(海关)3. Ann was stopped at the customs because she was carrying drugs without a doctors prescription. How regretted she was not to have done that!4. Sally offended some of the people in the town she was visiting by wearing inappropriate clothes. She should have found out about local customs and followed them.5. Jack didnt obtain a transit card when he changed planes at an airport, which made him very worried. There was no doubt that he was not allowed to get on board.A. My mother was worried about me. She cooked me all my favourite dishes and put them into a box to take with me on my journey. But the customs officer inspected all the plant and animal products at the airport. Unfortunately it was illegal for me to bring into the country the kind of food my mother had given me and so it all had to be thrown away.B. It was very hot so I put on some shorts and a T-shirt to go sightseeing. I hadnt gone very far when I found everyone was looking at me, and they didnt
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