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word传销 pyramid scheme信用评级下调 credit downgrade实得工资 take-home ine虚拟超市 virtual supermarket高档车 premium car欺骗消费者 play foul with buyers大众旅游 mass tourism灰市 gray market预付费卡 prepaid cards恩格尔系数 Engle coefficient次级债务 subordinate debt饥饿营销 hunger marketing恶意营销 smear campaign亚洲“单一货币single currency滞销蔬菜 unsalable vegetables黄金投资者 gold bugmembership fee会员费windfall意外横财Credit rating信用评级debtor债务人NASDAQ纳斯达克、DOW道琼斯综合指数Standard and Poors posite Index标准普尔综合指数nose-dive暴跌信用评级 integrity rating信用扩credit expansionhi-tech marketing strategy高科技营销策略网络虚拟财产 online virtualassetsreal economy实体经济fictitious economy虚拟经济real bargain廉价货virtual money虚拟钱币ceiling price表示“最高价a farm production ceiling意思是“农业生产的最高产量default违约cut deficit/deficit reduction削减赤字spending cuts削减开支debt crisis债务危机package agreement cap on liability一揽子协议赔偿金上限divorce calculator离婚计算器online gadget网络小工具civil partnerships民事伴侣关系late-life divorce熟年离婚prenuptial agreement婚前协议division of property财产分割custody and visitation of children子女监护与探视spousal support配偶赡养费child support子女抚养费divorce settlement离婚协议书insurance premium(人寿保险费)cargo premium货物保险费at a premium是非常珍贵的mass market cars大众市场的车型了license-plate lottery车牌摇号car rental汽车租赁green car新能源汽车零排放车辆 zero-emission vehicle跨界车 crossover vehicle非公路用车 off-highway vehicleby fair means or foul不择手段，千方百计price cheating就是“价格欺诈pricing inconsistency价格不一致misleading price tags误导性的价签curb inflation抑制通货膨胀academic cheating学术造假价格行为 price violation价格垄断 price-fixingfake resume虚假简历relaxed inner controls部管理松散academic rank职称hidden rule潜规如此package tour/group tour/organized tour跟团旅游individual tourist/ free walker自由行游客文化旅游业 cultural tourism“自驾游self-driving travel/tourself-organized expedition就是“自助游分时度假 timeshareecotourism生态旅游rural tourism “乡村旅游eco-farming生态农业parallel import水货小众市场 niche markettake-home ine即“实得工资gross ine全额工资financial crisis经济危机shrink缩水price hikes物价上涨housing spending家庭支出living standard生活标准economic stagnation经济疲软vicious cycle恶性循环inflationary pressure通胀压力financial crisis经济危机绩效工资 merit pay工资协商制度 negotiation system on wagesstate-owned monopolies国有垄断企业cap and trade限额交易、总量管制和交易Pegged Exchange Rate盯住汇率制公积金上限 threshold of housing fundprepaid deposit预付定金money laundering洗钱tax evasion偷税漏税 bribery行贿受贿issuers of prepaid cards购物卡发行方anonymous cards不记名购物卡card scalpers卡贩子、购物卡黄牛灰色收入 off-the-books ine地下钱庄 illegal bankfinancial fraud金融诈骗Minimum living allowances最低生活保障“subsistence allowance也指“最低生活保障low-ine groups低收入群体basic subsistence costs根本生活费用支出expenditure-ine ratio消费支出比例gap in work wages工资收入差距ine divide/ ine disparity 收入差距consumer price indexCPI，消费物价指数cut back on meals and clothes节衣缩食housing loan repayments房贷housing space per capita人均居住面积收入分配 ine distributionwage arrears拖欠工资two-fold increase in pay指的就是工资“翻番纳税等级 tax brackets晒工资 wages online exposurefunded debt长期债券、固定债务还未偿还债务outstanding debt未到期的债务unmatured debtloan defaulter 拖欠贷款者Mortgage抵押贷款lending quota就是指“贷款额度credit expansion信贷扩deposit-reserve ratio存款准备金率export quota出口配额购置力平价 purchasing power parity通胀恐慌 inflation fearsuppress rising modity prices就是“抑制物价上涨的意思tame/arrest rising pricesboosting food supplies and other necessities增加食品和其它必需品的供给increasing subsidies for low-ine families提高对低收入家庭的补贴taking more targeted policies to maintain market order出台更多有针对性的政策维护市场秩序现金补贴 cash subsidy信贷紧缩 credit squeeze有抵押债务 secured debt外债余额 outstanding external debt暂停偿债 debt standstillnonperforming loans不良贷款overdue loans逾期贷款mortgage loans按揭贷款added value附加值mercial exploitation商业炒作商业间谍活动 industrial espionagefloating exchange rates浮动汇率制emerging economies新兴经济体industrialized nations 工业化国家exchange rate fluctuations汇率波动bilateral trade双边贸易总额reserve currency储藏货币foreign exchange reserve外汇储藏Subprime Crisis次贷危机dollar assets美元资产monetary policy货币政策稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy货币操纵国 currency manipulatordollar trap就是指“美元陷阱measure of money supply 货币供给量primary sector第一产业industrial sector第二产业tertiary /service sector第三产业proactive fiscal policy积极的财政政策moderately loose monetary policy 适度宽松的货币政策stimulus package 经济刺激政策evitalization scheme for 10 major industries 十大产业振兴规划risk control 风险控制macro-regulation 宏观调控人民币“跨境结算 cross-border settlement加大货币发行量 quantitative easingfixed-asset investment 固定资产投资unsalable products 积压产品Unmarketable、poorselling等词也可以用来表示“滞销each link in distribution 每个流通环节buying spree 收购潮heavy loss 巨大损失oversupply of vegetables 蔬菜供给量加大战略性支柱产业 strategic pillar industrypillar industry支柱产业eading industry 主导产业basic industry 根底产业产业结构调整 industrial restructuring产业生态系统 industry eco-systememerging market 新兴市场emerging technology 新兴技术Emerging industry 新兴工业renminbi clearing bank 人民币清算行Clearing bank 清算银行offshore yuan center 人民币离岸中心QFII全称为Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors是“合格的境外机构投资者的简称QE 全称为Quantitative Easing是“量化宽松货币政策的简称反补贴税 countervailing dutiesone-off consumption就是指“一次性消费one-off payment 一次性付款purchasing on a sudden impulse 冲动购置/即兴购置industry insider 业人士luxury goods buyers 奢侈品买家potential consumers 潜在消费者恐慌购置 panic buying强迫购物 forced shopping消费热潮 spending spreegold bug黄金投资者金本位就是gold standardstrong momentum 强劲势头middle ine trap就是指“中等收入陷阱wide ine inequality 收入差距增大high environmental costs 较高的环境代价inadequate domestic spending 国消费不足sustainable pattern 可持续开展模式dollar dominance 美元的主导地位micro-credit pany就是“小额贷款公司private capital 民间资本financial market 金融市场credit market 信贷市场red chip就是“红筹股junk bond 垃圾股bank run就是“银行挤兑liquidity crunch资金紧缩demand for withdrawals取款需求credit order 信用秩序bank panic 银行恐慌systemic banking crisis 系统性银行危机 从而引起economic recession 经济衰退migrant buyers就是指“外地购房者Property-purchasing limitations就是“限购second- and third-tier cities 二、三线城市first-tier cities 一线城市blueprint homes或blueprint housing就是“图纸房simple blueprints of the project 简单的户型图capital in the presale 预售款forward-delivery housing 期房advance fees 预付款direct-sale store就是指“直营店factory shop 厂家直销店chain store 连锁店flagship store 旗舰店franchised store 特许经营店pro shop 专业店exclusive shop 专卖店outlet store 工厂店outstanding external debt未偿付外债，即“外债余额external debt即“外债short term external debt 短期外债trade credit 贸易信贷trade finance 贸易融资dark pool就是“暗池交易angel investment 天使投资alternative trading systems 替代交易系统institutional investor 机构投资者off-market liquidity 场外资金consolidated tape 证券买卖汇总记录带over-the-counter transactions 场外交易fall on debut新股破发initial offer price 发行价IPOInitial Public Offering，首次公开募股)would-be buyers/drivers 潜在购车者self-owned brand 自主品牌intellectual property 知识产权brand awareness 品牌意识brand effect 品牌效应brand familiarity 品牌知名度product placement 植入式广告price-rigging 操纵价格monopoly profit 垄断利润anti-petition behavior 反竞争行为speculation and hoarding 囤积居奇price collusion合谋定价digital film 数字电影circular-screen movie 环幕电影idle land闲置土地idle money 闲散资金，游资vacant property 闲置地产land hoarding 囤地institutional financing 机构融资microcredit programs 小额信贷项目recoverable garbage 可回收垃圾e-waste就是“电子垃圾或“电子废弃物brand copycats山寨trademark infringement 商标侵权行为quality goods 正品business class就是“商务舱economy class / tourist class经济舱first class 头等舱high-end travelers 高端乘客premium economy class 豪华经济舱tablet PC就是平板电脑touch screen 触摸屏Netbook 上网本family-run management就是指“家族式管理private enterprises 民营企业core family核心家庭retaliatory price rebound就是“报复性反弹retaliatory duty/tariff 报复性关税low-rent housing廉租房affordable housing经济适用房social security housing社会保障房interest rate hike cycle就是指“加息周期imported inflation输入型通胀property bubble资产泡沫speculative demands投机性需求inflation fear通胀恐慌local government-backed investment units地方融资平台inflation expectations通胀预期hard landing指“硬着陆soft landing软着陆cooling measures in the property market房地产市场降温措施higher down payment requirements for first-time buyers提高首次购房者的首付比例nationwide suspension of loan lending for third home purchases 全面叫停第三套房贷International parison Program 国际比拟项目，简称ICPpurchasing power parity就是“购置力平价，简写为PPP低通货膨胀low inflation急剧通货膨胀galloping inflation恶性通货膨胀hyperinflation需求拉动通胀demand-pull inflation本钱推动通胀cost-push inflation固有型通货膨胀built-in inflationtrade imbalance就是“贸易失衡trade surplus贸易顺差trade deficit贸易逆差trade balance贸易差额global economic imbalances全球经济失衡currency policies货币政策trade protectionism贸易保护主义financial regulatory reform金融监管改革global settlement currency就是“国际结算货币invoicing currency计价货币freely convertible currency可自由兑换货币hard currency硬货币weak currency软货币speculative demands就是指“投机性需求rigid demand刚性需求elastic demand弹性需求abnormal demand反常需求、异常需求speculation and profiteering投机倒把pricing regime定价机制household wealth就是指“家庭财富household debt家庭负债property-for-residency scheme购房移民计划Capital Investment Entrant Scheme资本投资者入境计划property bubble地产泡沫mercial residential houses商品房budget homes 廉价房rent-to-buy program先租后买项目wage formation mechanism指的是“工资形成机制low-end labor market即“低端劳动力市场migrant worker农民工labor shortage用工荒time-honored brand老字号net bargainer就是指“网络议价师factory prices出厂价bargain basement减价商品部bargain hunter减价品搜寻者，专买廉价货的人bargain book特价图书，廉价图书net capital的意思是“净资本working/circulating capital流动资金fixed capital固定资本human capital人力资本physical capital物质资本trade rows就是“贸易纠纷anti-dumping duties反倾销税anti-subsidies investigation反补贴调查special protectionist tariffs特保关税export control出口管制super online banking system“超级网银interbank transfers跨行转账interbank balance inquiries跨行余额查询home banking家居银行local government-backed investment units就是我们说的“地方融资平台financing vehicles融资工具MTNmedium term note，中期票据corporate bonds企业债券carbon exchange centers就是指“碳交易中心carbon emissions碳排放energy consumption能耗administrative measures行政措施market-based means市场手段housing vacancy rate就是指“住房空置率investors-owners投资业主field testing现场测试house inspector就是“验房师standards regulated by the government政府制定的标准tail-raising factor就是指“翘尾因素，也称为carryover effects滞后影响PMI，purchase management index采购经理人指数PPI，producer price index工业品出场价格指数luxury goods market奢侈品市场stress test指的是“压力测试stress tolerance抗压能力group-buying就是指“团购bulk discounts大幅优惠ultra-discounted tickets超低价优惠券到discount coupon打折券、rebate coupon现金券/抵金券cents-off coupons，那就只是“象征性优惠bogus pany的意思是“皮包公司a bogus document伪造的文件bogus bills假钞assigned stores指定商店forced shopping强迫购物local interbank withdrawal(本地跨行取款)remote deposit异地存款withdrawal slip取款单automated teller machine 简称ATMindividual ine tax threshold个税起征点double dip就是指“二次探底也称为double dip recession双谷衰退weather insurance就是指“天气保险endowment insurance养老保险indemnificatory apartment的意思是“保障性住房price-fixed housing限价房public rental housing公共租赁住房/公租房rebuild shanty areas对棚户区进展改造trial sites试点transgression不良记录信息preferential interest rate优惠利率favorable first-home loans首套房优惠贷款credit registry贷款记录market capitalization市值总额urban petitiveness就是“城市竞争力的意思economic growth rate经济增长速度livable city宜居城市muted growth缓慢增长模式collective contract即“集体合同labor disputes劳资纠纷cheap labor surplus廉价劳动力过剩trade sanction贸易制裁hi-tech export control高科技出口管制one-off revaluation就是“一次性重估调整service outsourcing industry就是“服务外包行业信息技术外包服务Information Technology Outsourcing，简称ITO业务流程外包服务Business Process Outsourcing，简称BPOdual-currency card就是指“双币卡third-party payment platform第三方支付平台POS point of sales 销售点终端机counting fee就是指“点钞费payment /clearing system支付体系Non-cash payment instruments非现金支付工具debit card借记卡credit card信用卡private investment就是指“民间投资Monopoly industry垄断行业refugee money外逃资本hoarding and profiteering 囤积居奇business misconduct商业不正当行为tiered pricing for electricity阶梯电价save energy and cut emissions节能减排high energy-consuming industry高耗能产业auto replacement汽车以旧换新energy efficient products节能产品congestion fee就是指“交通拥堵费单双号限行：odd-and-even license plate rule错时上下班：staggered rush hour plan公交专用车道：bus lane快速公交专用车道: Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)vehicle and vessel tax就是“车船使用税tax refund退税，税收返还individual ine tax个人所得税value-added tax增值税mobile payment就是指“移动支付illegal business dealing非法经营insider trading幕交易corporate bribery单位行贿回扣kickback手续费mission feecontract violation就是指“合同违约back pay拖欠薪水labor arbitration劳动仲裁liquidated damages违约金late payment逾期付款inplete/unfinished building烂尾楼non-owner-occupier 非自住业主price difference差价seckilling “秒杀central enterprise就是“中央企业，简称“央企merger兼并、consolidation合并和regrouping重组social security tax就是指“社会保障税social security fee社会保险费social security fund社保基金windfall tax暴利税inheritance tax遗产税financial services park “金融服务区business park工商业园区high-tech park高新技术园区demonstration park示园区residential land就是“居住用地well-being issue民生问题houses with limited property rights小产权房dodgy service center冒牌服务中心guarantee period保修期正规服务中心genuine service center正式服务中心official service center授权服务中心authorized service centerrevaluation of the renminbi对人民币汇率重新评估rate fine-tuning汇率微调currency appreciation货币升值appreciate sharply升值过猛huge job losses大量就业岗位消失second board创业板free sightseeing e-coupon就是指“免费景区电子门票malfeasant/unfair petition不正当竞争warrantee period保质期business misconduct “商业不正当行为one-stop service一站式服务economic development model “经济开展模式industrial restructuring产业结构调整on-site recruiting “现场招聘asset bubble “资产泡沫bubble economy泡沫经济stock market bubble股市泡沫abor shortage “劳动力短缺labor surplus/redundance劳动力过剩surplus rural workers农村剩余劳动力left-behind children 留守儿童labor intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive知识密集型technology-intensive技术密集型discount rate “贴现率courier firm “快递公司房地产市场 real estate market/property market房地产市场过热 overheated property sector房价 property price/housing price普通购房者 private homebuyer房产中介 real estate agent首付 down payment分期付款 payment by installment月供 monthly installment payment廉租房 low-rent housing经济适用房 affordable housing闲置地产 vacant property现房 plete apartment期房 forward delivery housing商品房 mercial residential building政策性住房 policy-related house按揭购房 buy a house on mortgage二手房 second-hand house物业税 property tax购房契税 property deed tax印花税 property stamp duty囤地 land reserves楼层建筑面积 floor space塔楼 tower building一期/二期 first/second stage板楼 slab-type apartment building容积率capacity rate停车位 parking space住房公积金贷款 housing provident fund/ housing accumulation fund房产证 property ownership certificate炒房者 real estate speculator观望态度 wait-and-watch attitude房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate增值地价 added-value fees投机性房产交易 speculative property transactions房地产泡沫 property bubble商业地产 mercial property住宅地产 residential property售后回租即租回已出售的财产leaseback土地使用证 land use certificate商住综合楼 mercial/residential plex地段等级 location classification重点开发区 key zones for development旧区改造 reconstruction of old area折旧费 depreciation allowances维修费 allowances for repairs and maintenance抵押贷款欠额 unpaid mortgage balance便利设施 amenities分租合住的经济公寓 tenement社区munity钉子户 nail household描述经济危机的词汇：经济危机 economic crisis/ financial crisis/ financial turmoil/financial meltdown经济不景气 recession/ bleeding economy/ depression/sluggish economy萧条期 slump失业 lose ones job/ be unemployed/ be redundant失业加剧 job losses mount/ unemployment climb失业人数 jobless number找工作 seek employment找工作者 job seeker严峻的就业形势 a tough job market欠薪 withhold wage减薪 salary cut信心下滑 confidence slump经济复 economic recovery经济危机的影响 the crisis fallout从以下词汇中可以大致了解我国在应对经济危机过程中所做的努力：应对危机 face the crisis/ meet the crisis/ fight crisis重建信心 confidence reconstruction遏制衰退 containing declines减缓衰退 slow down declines安居工程 affordable/fortable housing project安置职工 staffing保八 eight-percent protection本钱削减 cost-cutting创造新的就业 generate new employment刺激消费 stimulate consumer spending恢复 revive/ recovery/ turnaround积极的财政政策 proactive fiscal policy减少裁员 refrain from laying off employees减员 cut the salaried work force结构调整 structural adjustment经济刺激方案 stimulus package/ stimulus plan就业指导 career guidance抗风险能力 anti-risk capability扩大需 propel/ drive/ expand domestic demand根底设施建设 infrastructure construction减免税收 tax relief例行节约 practice economy适度宽松的货币政策 moderately loose monetary policy削减生产 slash production消费券 consumption coupon小额贷款 loans of small amounts政府紧急援助 government bailout政府做某事的决心 governments vow to do sth.中小型企业 SMEsplete apartment现房homegrown film就是“本土电影government procurement就是“政府采购government purchasing procedure政府采购程序实现transparency in transactions交易透明authorized suppliers得到授权的供给商CPOChief-Procurement-Officer“首席采购官，采购总监cost-benefit analysis/cost-utility analysis本钱效益分析stock index futures就是指“股指期货Financial futures金融期货：futures exchange外汇期货、interest rate futures利率期货initial margins初始保证、financial derivative 金融衍生品risk shifting风险转移financial derivative金融衍生品future transaction期货交易outbound investment就是“境外投资或“对外投资foreign investment就是“外资land conveyance fees土地出让金land revenues土地收益bilateral trade就是“双边贸易multilateral trade多边贸易pensation trade补偿贸易leasing trade租赁贸易credit expansion就是“信用扩credit contraction信用紧缩malicious overdraft恶意透支credit investigation system征信制度year-end promotion“年末促销durable goods就是“耐用品vacant property“闲置地产moveable property 动产hidden ine隐性收入regular ine常规收入“隐性本钱 implicit cost隐性失业是recessive unemploymentdifferential pricing “差异计价unit pricing单位价格overdraft limit透支额度debit card借记卡test screening就是“试映trial operation 试运行、试车trial and error反复试验float (send up) a trial balloon试探舆论field trial现场试验preferred workplace就是“理想雇主incremental cost就是指“边际本钱marginal cost genetically modified organism 简称GMO，转基因生物sublet house就是指“转租房屋migrant population流动人口letting market租赁市场debt standstill“暂停偿债rate fine-tuning “汇率微调ground-source heat “地热circular economy 循环经济non-residential electricity “非居民用电energy conservation awareness节能意识resource efficient and environment-friendly society能源节约和环境友好型社会pre-order就是“预购Sino-US trade tie中美贸易关系FDIforeign direct investment，外国直接投资foreign-invested panies外资公司factory-gate price “出厂价格purchase price进货价格preferential price优惠价market price市场价wireless local area networkWLAN，无线局域网free in-flight Wi-Fi service免费机舱无线上网rat trading就是指“老鼠仓light rail train“轻轨列车ordinary passenger train普通客运列车fast/rapid train快速列车、express train特快列车、through train直快列车、 stopping train/slow train慢车、nonstop express直达特快列车、bullet train动车inflation expectation就是指“通胀预期inflation rate通货膨胀率investment-led growth投资拉动型增长domestic consumption国消费buyout就是指“买断工龄pay cuts降薪buy out还可以表示“全部买进，买断/收购全部或大局部股份buy-in却也是表示“买进、大量购置timeshare的意思是“分时使用的度假房，或“分时度假房timeshare broker分时度假房产经纪tunnel-bridge就是“隧桥credit investiga