2022年高考英语一轮 语法专题3 非谓语动词03 译林牛津版

2022年高考英语一轮 语法专题3 非谓语动词03 译林牛津版高考预练.单项填空1(xx山东省实验中学诊断)What was considered impolite years ago has bee _ now.AaccessibleBadjustableCunbelievable Dacceptable解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。accessible意为“易接近的，可理解的”；adjustable意为“可调整的”；unbelievable意为“难以相信的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”。句意：多年前被认为不礼貌的事情现在已经开始逐渐被接受了。根据句意可知，应选D项。2(xx山东省实验中学一模)Im afraid Im not _ to help with the show，for I am fully occupied with my own project.Aacceptable BadaptableCavailable Daccessible解析：选C。考查形容词。acceptable值得接受的，可接受的；adaptable可适应的，有适应能力的；available有空的，空闲的，有时间的；accessible容易取得的，可接近的。句意：恐怕我不能在这次展览上帮忙了，因为我正忙于自己的项目。故选C项。3(xx济南模拟)I keep on walking after supper because I cant think of a _ way to keep fit.Abetter BbestCworse Dworst解析：选A。考查形容词比较级。句意：我坚持晚饭后散步，因为我想不到比这更好的保持健康的方法了。根据语境可知，A项正确。4(xx淄博模拟)The government should develop_ system to predict when wildfires occur and give warnings in time.Aprevious BreliableCreasonable Dresponsible解析：选B。考查形容词词义辨析。previous意为“以前的；早先的”；reliable意为“可靠的”；reasonable意为“合理的”；responsible意为“负责的”。句意：政府应开发出可靠的预测系统，以便火灾发生时能及时发出警报。故B项正确。5(xx临沂质量检测)Jenny is always _ for appointments.Why is she late today?She might have got trapped in a traffic jam in the rush hour.Apatient BgratefulCpunctual Davailable解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。patient意为“有耐心的”；grateful意为“感激的”；punctual意为“准时的”；available 意为“有效的，可利用的”。句意：Jenny约会总是很准时，今天她怎么迟到了？她可能碰到上下班高峰期的交通堵塞了。根据语境可知。此处用punctual。即C项正确。6(xx辽宁期中测试题)The little girl couldnt work the problem out.She wasnt_clever.Athat BmuchCenough Drather解析：选A。句意：那个小女孩解不出这道题。她没那么聪明。that作副词时，相当于so；much常修饰形容词或副词的比较级以及动词；enough用在形容词或副词后；rather相当。7(xx盐城第二次调研)Who do you have in mind for the position?I think Peter is the most_person for it.Agenerous BlikelyCoptimistic Dvoluntary解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。句意：你觉得谁适合那个职位？我认为彼得最合适。likely“合适的，恰当的”，符合语意。generous“慷慨的，大方的”；optimistic“乐观的”；voluntary“自愿的，义务的”。8(xx太原市部分重点中学检测)It is reported that a new planet has been discovered recently.Its _ Earth，and hopefully it can support human life.Aalmost three times the size ofBthree times the size thanCthree times almost as large thanDalmost three times as larger as解析：选A。考查倍数表达法。倍数表达法要注意三种结构：A is倍数the size/height/weight/.ofB；A is倍数bigger/larger/.thanB；A is倍数as big/large/.asB。故A项的表达正确。9(xx山西太原模拟)Look！How much_ Alice looks wearing her new show dress!Awell BgoodCbetter Dbest解析：选C。考查形容词的比较级。much后面不能接形容词的原级和最高级，而应该用形容词的比较级，结合语意选C项。10(xx潍坊5月份训练)The new discovery challenged the _ theory about lifes origins.Aconventional BparticularCcontrary Dcasual解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：这个新发现向生命起源的传统理论提出了挑战。conventional意为“习惯的；传统的”，符合题意。particular意为“特别的”；contrary意为“相反的；不利的”；casual意为“随意的”。 21（xx湖南高考）The lecture，_ at 7：00 pm last night，was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.Astarting Bbeing startedCto start Dto be started22（xx江苏高考）_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.ABased BBasingCBase DTo base23（xx江西高考）Having finished her project，she was invited by the school _ to the new students.Aspeaking Bhaving spokenCto speak Dto have spoken24（xx江西高考）John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ him it.Aoffered BofferingCto offer Dto be offered25（xx辽宁高考）The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ them.Ato follow BfollowingCfollowed Dfollows26（xx辽宁高考）This machine is very easy _.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.Aoperating Bto be operatingCoperated Dto operate27（xx湖南高考）Time，_ correctly，is money in the bank.Ato use BusedCusing Duse28（xx山东高考）After pleting and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _.Aproviding BprovidedChaving provided Dprovide29（xx陕西高考）_ in a long queue，we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.AStanding BTo standCStood DStand30（xx陕西高考）If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.Ameets BmeetingCmeet Dto meet31（xx四川高考）Tom took a taxi to the airport，only_his plane high up in the sky.Afinding Bto findCbeing found Dto have found32（xx浙江高考）“Its such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customers.Ato be reserved Bhaving reservedCreserving Dreserved33（xx四川高考）Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car_.Awashed BwashCwashing Dto wash34（xx浙江高考）No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better _ silent.Aremain Bbe remainingChaving remained Dto remain35（xx四川高考）I looked up and noticed a snake_its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.Ato wind BwindCwinding Dwound36（xx江苏高考）Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.Apared BparingCpares Dbeing pared37（xx安徽高考）Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces.Abreak BbreakingCbroken Dto break38（xx浙江高考）Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words.Alose BlostCto lose Dhaving lost39（xx浙江高考）Bats are surprisingly longlived creatures，some _ a life span of around 20 years.Ahaving Bhad Chave Dto have40（xx上海高考）Its no use _ without taking any action.Aplain BplainingCbeing plained Dto be plained41（xx浙江名校联盟第一次联考）When _ properly，a reward system can help to increase students effort，attention and improve their behavior.Ausing Bto useCused Dhaving used42（xx河北普通高学质监）Practice greeting your teachers and classmates in English.Remember _！Asmiling Bto smileCto be smiling Dhaving smiled43（xx江苏南京四校期中）The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. Abeing weighed Bto weighCweighed Dweighing44（xx北京东城区示范校综合练习一）When _ a car，dont drive at an extreme speed.Adriving BdrivenCdrive Dto drive45（xx山西第二次诊断考试）Many people are taking part in various TV programs _overnight success.Aachieving Bto achieveCbeing achieved Dhaving been achieved参考答案21A句意：昨晚7点开始的演讲结束之后，紧跟着的是对月球用望远镜进行了一次观测。此处start用作不及物动词，表示“开始”，故用现在分词作后置定语，相当于which started.。而不定式的一般式多表示将来的动作；若start用作及物动词，则此处要用被动形式，而B项being started表示正在开始，D项to be started表示将来的动作，均与原题中last night不符。故选A项。22Bbase.on.意为“把建立在基础上”。由于逗号前后没有关联词，可排除构成祈使句的C项；该句主语you与base为主动关系，可排除A项，此项表示被动的过去分词形式；不定式在句首通常表示目的，不合逻辑，可排除D项；答案为B项，现在分词形式作条件状语。句意：如果你把一个重要的决定建立在情感之上而不是理智之上，你迟早会后悔的。23C句意：完成她的工程以后，她被学校邀请给新生做演讲。“做演讲”发生在was invited之后，所以用动词不定式的一般式作主语补足语。24B该题容易误选A项，因为大家一般认为letter与offer存在被动关系，但此处offer后面有两个宾语，显然，应使用offer sb.sth.的主动形式作后置定语修饰the official letter，说明信的内容。25B句意：这对老年夫妇经常晚饭后去公园散步，后面跟着他们的宠物狗。此处是with的复合结构，宾语dog与作宾语补足语的follow存在逻辑上的主动关系，且表示伴随情况，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。26D句意：这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就学会操作。不定式作表语形容词的状语，表示在哪一方面存在这个形容词表示的情况或产生这种情绪的原因。本题结构可换为It is very easy to operate the machine.或To operate the machine is very easy.这一结构中的不定式要用主动式且要用及物动词或“不及物动词介词”。故此处D项正确。27B句意：时间如果运用得当，就会变成银行里的钱。此处是非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语time与use之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动。28B所填词应在此作定语修饰envelope, 而且和envelope构成被动关系，故选用provided表示被动。providing表示主动；having provided也是主动形式，表示动作发生在主句谓语动作之前；provide为动词原形，形式错误。句意：在完成表格并签字后，请用提供的信封把表格寄回给我们。故选B项。29A句意：我们排在长长的队伍中，等着商店开门买一台全新iPad。分析句子结构可知所填部分在句中作伴随状语，且句子的主语we与stand之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。30Dhave no choice but to do sth.“除了做某事之外别无选择”。句意：如果接受这份工作，除了迎接更大的挑战之外他别无选择。31Bonly后接不定式形式表示意想不到的结果。to have done表示动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，与句意矛盾。句意：汤姆乘出租车去了机场，却发现飞机已经飞在高空了。32D分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词修饰table，“桌子”是“被预订或保留”的，所以用过去分词短语作后置定语。33Acar和wash为被动关系，故选用过去分词washed作补语。句意：在你开车驶入这所城市前，你应该先洗车。34Dwhen在此处引导定语从句修饰times，在when引导的从句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to remain silent，表示“有时保持沉默更好”。35C句意：我抬起头来，注意到一条蛇正盘旋着往树上爬，去捕捉它的早餐。snake和wind之间为主动关系，注意到蛇在往树上爬，表示动作正在进行。故选C项。36B分析句子结构可知，该句的主语是a survey，谓语动词是has caused，宾语是heated debate。可见，句子结构是完整的，因此我们要选择的只能是非谓语动词形式。survey与pare 之间存在主动关系，因此用现在分词短语作后置定语。37D句意：汤姆问制作糖果的人他们是否能使巧克力更容易碎成小块。make “使得，让”，其后常接“宾语宾语补足语不定式”结构。此题中，chocolate和不定式to break之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但该结构中，不定式应用主动表被动。故选D项。38B句意：即使最好的作家有时候也觉得自己无法用言语表达。lost为过去分词，相当于形容词作宾补，意为“丧失的，迷惑的”。故选B项。39A第一句话是一个完整的句子，由于其后没有连词，我们可以断定后面部分为状语。some相当于some bats，与have构成主动关系，因此须用some having.的形式作状语。句意：蝙蝠是极其长寿的生物，有些寿命长达20年。故选A项。40B句意：只抱怨而不采取任何行动是没有用的。Its no use doing sth.是固定句型，其中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语。41Cuse 和a reward system之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语。42B句意：练习用英语向你的老师和同学问好。记住要微笑。remember to do sth.“记住要干某事”。43Dweigh当“重达”讲时，是不及物动词，和逻辑主语young children之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。44A主句是祈使句，其主语为you，you和drive为主动关系，故用现在分词，表示“当你开车的时候”。45B句意：许多人参加各种各样的电视节目想一夜成名。此处用不定式表示目的。