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第二节非谓语动词考向分析热考点语法填空主要考查作宾语、状语、宾补及定语；非谓语作主语一般不直接考查，而是结合主谓一致考查。短文改错考查基本用法：介词后用v.ing；todo作宾补；v.ing作状语；形容词化的v.ing和v.ed的区别。新考向2019高考全国卷加强了对非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语和定语的考查。题型一关于非谓语动词的语法填空1Scientistshaverespondedby(note) thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集) aroundhumansettlements.(2019全国)答案noting解析考查非谓语动词。介词by后应用v.ing形式作宾语，故填noting。2A90yearoldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for(be) Britainsoldestfulltimeemployeestillworking40hoursaweek.(2019全国)答案being解析考查非谓语动词。介词for后应用v.ing形式作宾语，故填being。3Butsomestudentsdidntwant(wear) theuniform.(2019浙江)答案towear解析考查非谓语动词。want后加不定式作宾语，构成wanttodosth.“想要做某事”。故填towear。4Istillremember(visit) afriendwhodlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadntcookedonceinallthattime.(2018浙江)答案visiting解析考查动名词作宾语。rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事。5Youmaydrink，smoke，beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof(die) earlybyrunning.(2018全国)答案dying解析考查非谓语动词。介词of后接动词时要用其动名词形式，故填dying。6Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoid(look) directlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeelchallenged.(2018全国)答案looking解析考查非谓语动词。avoid后接动名词作宾语。avoiddoingsth.避免做某事。7Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt；by(eat) morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.(2017全国)答案eating解析考查非谓语动词。表示方式的介词by后接动名词作宾语。故填eating。8Thisincludeddigginguptheroad，(lay) thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.(2017全国)答案laying解析考查非谓语动词。included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式。9ButSarah，whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels，wants(prove) thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.(2017全国)答案toprove解析考查固定搭配。wanttodosth.想要做某事，为固定搭配。1介词后跟v.ing构成介宾结构：by/of/from/with/without/after等。2需加v.ing作宾语的动词(词组)：avoid，enjoy，finish，admit，consider，escape，advise，suggest，mind，include，keep，recommend，practice，imagine，dreamof，setabout等。3to为介词的短语：be/get/becomeusedtodoing习惯于beaccustomedtodoing习惯于beaddictedtodoing沉溺于；对上瘾beopposedtodoing反对objecttodoing反对devoteoneselfto献身于；专心于bedevotedto致力于；忠诚于beadmittedto被录取；准许进入leadtodoing导致contributetodoing贡献；导致；促进lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事sticktodoingsth.坚持做某事beequaltosth.胜任做某事haveaccessto有接近(某物的)方法attachgreatimportancetodoingsth.重视做某事getdowntodoingsth.开始做某事thekey/approach to doing sth.做某事的关键/方法whenitcomesto当谈到4需加todo作宾语的动词：agree，afford，attempt，choose，decide，determine，expect，fail，hope，manage，offer，pretend，plan，promise，refuse，want，wish，wouldlike等。接todo与v.ing含义有区别的动词：trytodosth.尽力做某事/trydoingsth.试着去做某事meantodosth.打算去做某事/meandoingsth.意味着做某事regrettodosth.遗憾要去做某事/regretdoingsth.后悔做了某事remembertodosth.记得要去做某事/rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事/forgetdoingsth.忘记做过了某事stoptodosth.停下去做别的事/stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事goontodosth.接着做另外的事/goondoingsth.继续做原来的事canthelpdoingsth.禁不住/忍不住做某事/canthelptodosth.不能帮助做某事/havenochoicebuttodosth.别无选择只能做某事1Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award，proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans(retire) fromher36yearoldbusiness.(2019全国)答案toretire解析考查不定式作定语。此处用todosth.作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“的计划”，故填toretire。2Whenwegotacall(say) shewasshortlisted，wethoughtitwasajoke.(2019全国)答案saying解析考查非谓语动词。动词say与其逻辑主语acall之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作后置定语，故填saying。3Onthelastdayofourweeklongstay，wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，(listen) tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.(2019全国)答案listening解析考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为“wereinvited”，所以listen应用非谓语动词形式。we与listento之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后的meetinginterestinglocals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。4Nervously(face) challenges，IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”(2019北京)答案facing解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语I，主语I与动词face之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。5EarthDay，(mark) on22April，isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.(2019北京)答案marked解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：地球日即4月22日，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。根据句意以及句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语；动词mark与EarthDay之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作定语。6(enjoy) theconvenienceofdigitalpayment，manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.(2019江苏)答案Toenjoy解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了享受电子支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。分析句子结构可知，这里表示目的，故用不定式作目的状语。故选A。7Chinasimageisimprovingsteadily，withmorecountries(recognize) itsroleininternationalaffairs.(2019江苏)答案recognizing解析考查with复合结构。分析句子可知，此处是with复合结构，动词recognize与其逻辑主语countries之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。8Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile(feed) itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide，”saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.(2018全国)答案feeding解析考查非谓语动词之现在分词。China与feed是主动关系，所以用“连词现在分词”形式作状语。9Oncehismessagewasdelivered，heallowedme(stay) andwatch.(2018全国)答案tostay解析考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事，为固定搭配。10Ordinarysoap，(use) correctly，candealwithbacteriaeffectively.(2018北京)答案used解析因为句子中已有谓语动词，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。句子的主语与use之间是被动关系，因此应用过去分词，即过去分词作状语，usedcorrectly相当于ifitisusedcorrectly这个条件状语从句的省略形式。句意为：普通的肥皂，如果使用得当，可以有效地清除细菌。11IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph(take)(2018天津)答案taken解析句意为：我需要一个新护照，因此我得去让人给我照相。本题考查havesth.done结构，意为“让别人做某事，让被做”。myphotograph与take之间是被动关系，故需用take的过去分词形式。12Theyarerequired(process) thefoodthatweeat，torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.(2017全国)答案toprocess解析考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。requiresth.todosth.需要某物做某事，此处用了被动语态结构，所以填动词不定式toprocess作主语补足语。1非谓语动词和其逻辑主语构成一定的关系：v.ing表示主动、进行；v.ed表示被动、完成，todo表将来。非谓语作定语，逻辑主语是所修饰的名词。非谓语作状语，逻辑主语往往是句子的主语。非谓语作宾补，逻辑主语是宾语。2提分小诀窍：结果状语av.ing表示自然而然的结果。btodo表出乎意料的结果，往往构成onlytodo结构。todo作目的状语往往不和主句用逗号隔开；v.ing作伴随、时间、条件或结果状语，往往用逗号与主句隔开。todo作宾补的动词asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事persuadesb.todosth.说服某人做某事tellsb.todosth.告诉某人做某事感官使役动词感官使役动词5看lookatsb.do(省略to的不定式)sb.doing sth.doneseewatchnoticeobserve3使makelethave2听hearlistento1感feel特殊4findsb.doingsth. 发现某人正在做某事sth.done发现某事被做catchsb.doingsth.当场抓住某人做某事keepsb./sth.doingsth.让某人/某物持续做某事oneselfdone让某人自己leavesb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事sth.undone留下某事未做1getsth.donehavesth.done使由别人去做sb.doingsth.使某人开始做某事sb.todosth.havesb.dosth.使某人做某事todo作定语thefirst，second(序数词)，next，only或者形容词最高级，需要用todo作定语。有些名词后跟不定式作宾语，即：promise，plan，attempt，offer，decision，ability，chance，way，aim，goal，ambition，purpose，willingness等。with的复合结构with宾语doing(表示主动且进行)with宾语done(表示被动且完成)with宾语todo(表示将来)1Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldnthelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake(get) there.(2019全国)答案toget解析考查动词不定式。此处是句式“Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.”表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”，其中it为形式主语，todo不定式为真正的主语。故填toget。2(learn) tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltodayschildrenwillneedforthefuture.(2019天津)答案Learning解析考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，主句的谓语动词是is，is之前的内容是主语，故此处应用动名词短语作主语。3Iquicklylowermyself，duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeel(challenge)(2018全国)答案challenged解析考查形容词化的v.ed。连系动词feel后要接形容词作表语。challengedadj.受到挑战的；challengingadj.困难的，富有挑战性的。由语境可知，填challenged。4Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto(become) commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears，itsnotwithoutacost.(2018浙江)答案havebecome解析根据语境和时间状语inrecentyears可知，此处应该用现在完成时，说明造成的结果或影响，即havebecome。5(travel) alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.(2018北京)答案Traveling解析考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，主句的谓语动词是is，is之前的内容是主语，故此处应用动名词短语作主语。6Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor(annoy) withpeopleoverunimportantthings？(2016上海)答案annoyed解析考查形容词化的v.ed。形容词annoyed表示“恼怒的，烦恼的”，该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词，通常修饰人。本句中该词和impatient一起与系动词get构成系表结构。1非谓语作主语确定谓语动词，然后确定是否是非谓语动词作主语。v.ing表一般习惯性的动作；to do表具体的动作。2系动词(4个) seem，appear，prove，turnout和抽象名词(5个) aim，goal，ambition，purpose，wish后用不定式作表语。3设空前为系动词，含be，get，go，feel，grow，become，seem，后面非谓语的形式根据含义选择v.ing或者v.ed。4形容词化的v.ing，表示名词的属性，表“令人的”人或物；形容词化的v.ed，表示名词的心理状态。翻译成：“感到的”；一般修饰voice，look，expression时，其前往往用v.ed形式，表示内心的感受。1Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid1980s，andareexpensive(perform) consistentlyoveralargearea.(2019全国)答案toperform解析考查非谓语动词。本句含有“主语beadj.不定式”结构，主语通常是不定式动作的承受者，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。故填toperform。2Ididntmean(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldnthelp(try) it.(2018天津)答案toeat；trying解析句意为：我没打算吃东西，但这冰激凌看上去如此美味以至于我忍不住尝了下。meantodosth.打算做某事；meandoingsth.意味着做某事；canthelpdoingsth.禁不住/忍不住做某事；canthelp (to) dosth.不能帮助做某事。3Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16yearoldSarahisnotspendinghalfterm (rest)(2017全国)答案resting解析考查固定搭配。spendtime (in) doingsth.“花时间做某事”为固定搭配。4Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice，youllbelesslikely _(bring) yourworkhome.(2016全国)答案tobring解析考查不定式的用法。belikelytodosth.很可能做某事。5Ittookyearsofwork(reduce) theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.(2014新课标全国)答案toreduce解析此处为固定句式“Ittakes (sb.) sometimetodosth.”这个句式里it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。1todoenoughtodosth.足够()去做某事belikelytodosth.很可能做某事too.to.太而不能beusedtodosth.被用来做某事bedesignedtodosth.被设计用来做某事beintendedtodosth.打算做某事tendto倾向于betoblame应受责备(无被动)aimtodosth.旨在做某事beeagertodosth.渴望做某事thefirst/last(序数词) to do sth.第一个/最后一个做某事的人theaim/ability/chance/opportunity/plan/promise/purpose/ambition/goal/target to do sth.做某事的目的/能力/机会/计划/承诺/目的/雄心/目标cant/canhardlywaittodosth.迫不及待做某事Thereisnoneedtodosth.没有必要做某事。Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人花多少时间做某事。sb./sth.be said/besupposed/believed/bethought/known/reportedtodo/to be done/tohavedone据说/认为/报道某人/某物itremainstobeseen.尚待分晓；拭目以待2v.ingbe (well) worthdoingsth.值得做某事canthelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事havefundoingsth.做某事很开心feellikedoingsth.想做某事getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事Itsnouse/good/pleasure (in) doingsth.做某事没有用处/好处/乐趣havedifficulty/trouble (in) doingsth.做某事有困难haveadifficult/hardtime (in) doingsth.做某事有困难bebusy (in) doingsth.忙于做某事spendmoney/time (in) doingsth.花费金钱或时间做某事prevent/stop.(from) doingsth.阻止做某事aimatdoingsth.旨在做某事succeed (in) doingsth.成功地做成了某事Thereisnosense/point (in) doingsth.做某事没有意义。主语beadj.todo句型适用于此结构的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，important，impossible，interesting，pleasant，nice，comfortable，safe，dangerous等。题型二关于非谓语动词的短文改错1Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly，saythatIhadatalentforfootball.(2019全国)答案saysaying解析考查现在分词。句中的say与其逻辑主语Allthefootballplayers之间是主动关系，且其表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，应用现在分词作状语，表示伴随状况。故将say改为saying。2Everyonewassilent，waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.(2018全国)答案waitwaiting解析考查非谓语动词。Everyonewassilent句子主系表结构完整，没有并列连词和从句引导词，所以wait应该用非谓语形式。Everyone和wait之间是主动关系，所以用waiting作伴随状语。3Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner.(2013新课标全国)答案HaveHaving解析考查非谓语动词。“Haveteainthelateafternoon”是本句话的主语，动词原形不可以作主语，应将“Have”改成“Having”。根据句子结构判定：首先分析句子结构，若句子已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，动词必定用作非谓语动词；当动词确定是非谓语动词时，要根据非谓语动词和它的逻辑主语之间的关系来判断是用现在分词还是用过去分词或不定式。1Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchas“TangDynasty”(2019全国)答案have前加to解析考查固定搭配。wantsb./sth.to do sth.“想要某人/某物做某事”。故在have前加to。2No matter how many times I asked to watching them，my parents would not let me. (2018全国)答案watchingwatch解析考查固定搭配。asktodosth.要求做某事。3Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclassactivity；otherswerenervousandanxious.(2018全国)答案eager后加to解析考查固定搭配。(be) eagertodosth.渴望做某事，为固定搭配。1help (to) do, to可省2感官和使役动词：5看lookat, see，watch, notice，observe3使make，let, have2听hear，listento1感feel注意：后接不定式作宾补，省略to；但是变为被动的时候，需要补上to。3常考点：asksb.todosth.，invitesb.todosth.，beeagertodosth., promisetodosth.，情态动词(not)动词原形(不能有to)1IfIsucceedinmanageone，Iwillopenmore.(2019全国)答案managemanaging解析考查固定搭配。succeed (in) doingsth.成功做成某事。故把manage改为managing。2Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish. (2018全国)答案sellselling解析考查非谓语动词。by是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故把sell改为selling。3Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.(2016全国)答案taketaking解析考查非谓语动词。此处为between.and.结构，根据前面的stayingathome可知，此处也要用动名词形式，与前面保持一致。介词后v.ing：by/of/from/with/without/after等。1Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.(2019全国)答案interestinginterested解析考查形容词化的分词。句意为：多亏一个偶然的事件，我对踢足球产生了兴趣。interesting“有趣的，吸引人的”，通常描述事物；interested“感兴趣的”，通常描述人的感受。本句主语是人，故把interesting改为interested。2OnewasthatIwasamazingatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.(2019全国)答案amazingamazed解析考查形容词化的分词。amazed吃惊的，惊讶的；amazing令人吃惊的，令人惊讶的。v.ed形容词说明人的感受，意为“感到的”；v.ing形容词描述人或事物本身具有的特征，意为“令人的”，此处说明主语I的感受，故用v.ed形式的形容词。3Intheirsparetime，theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden，whichisontherooftopoftheirhouse.(2017全国)答案interestinginterested解析考查形容词化的分词。interesting意为“有趣的”，多指事物；interested意为“感兴趣的”，多指人。该句的主语是they，故用interested。beinterestedin对感兴趣。1形容词化的v.ing，表示“令人的”，常修饰物。2形容词化的v.ed，表示“感到的”，常修饰人。3特别注意的几个词汇：voice，look，expression，其前往往用v.ed修饰，表示内心的感受。增分训练增分单句训练.单句语法填空1Toguaranteethesafetyofthepalace，festivalorganizers (plan) thisyearsLanternFestivaleventusedLEDlightsratherthantraditionalpaperlanternsandredcandles.(2019湖北八校联考)答案planning解析考查非谓语动词。句子的主语为festivalorganizers，谓语动词为used，由此确定plan需要用非谓语形式。plan和其逻辑主语，即句子的主语festivalorganizers构成主动关系，所以应该用v.ing形式。2TheeffectwassowonderfulthatDaShuhua(非遗打树花) graduallygainedmoreappealthanfirecrackers，(attract) manypeopleinthecelebration.(2019河南百校联盟质检)答案attracting解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词形式。DaShuhua与attract之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用v.ing形式。3Thereareplentyofbreathtakingwalkstochoosefromwhichwillleadyou(discover) Dartmoofsancientandrugged(崎岖的) charm！(2019河南六市联考)答案todiscover解析考查非谓语动词。固定短语：leadsb.todosth.“引导某人做某事”。故填todiscover。4Iturgesallcountriestomakedecisionsandtakeimmediateactiontostopitfrom(pollute) anymore.(2019辽宁抚顺模拟)答案beingpolluted解析考查非谓语动词。介词from后接动名词作宾语，it与pollute之间是被动关系，故填beingpolluted。5Joeoffered(pay) thedriver，gotoutofthetaxi，andranalongthepavementandpastalltheshopwindows.(2019东北三省四市一模)答案topay解析考查不定式。此处表示“乔主动提出付司机钱”。offer to do sth.主动做某事。故填to pay。6FromMay20toJune2，morethan50shows(select) nationwidewillbeperformedinnineteenmajortheatersinShanghai.(2019山东济南三模)答案selected解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，主语为morethan50shows，谓语动词为willbeperformed。select只能用作非谓语，select和其逻辑主语morethan50shows构成被动关系，所以用过去分词selected。7Iwontcallmyselfthemostaccomplishedpersonwhenitcomesto(hold) chopsticks.(2019湖北武汉外国语学校质检)答案holding解析考查固定搭配。whenitcomesto意为“当提到”，to是介词，其后应该用v.ing形式。8TheeventservesnotonlyasaspectacularceremonytomemorizetheworldfamousChinesephilosopher，butachance(celebrate) Chineseculturetogetherwithotherlocalcommunities，saidWangLizhi，presidentofAmericaEastShandongAssociation(AESA)(2019吉林辽源二模)答案tocelebrate解析考查不定式短语作后置定语。chance后面需要用todo作定语。9Often(consider) themostimportantmealoftheyear，thereuniondinnerisbothdeliciousandrootedinChinesetradition.(2019湖北武汉调研)答案considered解析考查非谓语动词。通过分析可知，句子的谓语是is。此处没有并列连词，没有从句引导词，所以consider需要用非谓语形式，和句子的主语thereuniondinner构成被动关系，所以用过去分词considered。10EverytimeIgointohisoffice，itsinahugemess，withcomputers(pull) apartandpiecesoftelescopealloverhisdesk.(2019广西南宁适应性测试)答案pulled解析考查with的复合结构。pullapart(拆开)和宾语computer是被动的关系，所以应该填过去分词pulled。.易错练习1ChinesePresidentgmadethepraiseinaletter(write) tothestudentsinBeijingsBayiSchoolonSaturday.(2019安徽宣城二模)答案written解析考查非谓语动词。句中的名词letter与write之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。句意为：周六，国家主席习近平在写给北京八一学校学生的一封信中做出了表扬。故填written。2Driversarenottheonlyones(blame) fortheirresponsibilitythatleadstomanyautomobileaccidents.答案toblame解析考查非谓语作定语。 (be) toblame (forsth.)结构表示“应受责备”，没有被动形式。3Ateam(lead) byresearchersfromtheUniversityofExeteranalyzedUKBiobankdata(基因数据库) frommorethan48,000peoplewithdepressionandcomparedthemtoanothergroupofmorethan290,000people.(2019福建厦门一模)答案led解析考查非谓语动词。空后是by，被动标志词，空前的team与动词lead之间构成被动关系，“由研究者所带领的团队”，过去分词作后置定语修饰前面的名词，故填led。4While(swim)，Myles, myfouryearoldsonhadsomehowleftthekidsareaandgotintotheadultspool.(2019山西实验中学质检)答案swimming解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为状语从句的省略，补充完整为WhileMyleswasswimming，此处省略了主语和be动词。故填swimming。5(build) over2,200yearsagoinwhatisnowSichuanProvinceinSouthwestChina，thisamazingengineeringachievementisstillusedtoday.(2019甘肃天水一中三模)答案Built解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，逗号前的部分在句中作状语。主语thisamazingengineeringachievement与build之间为被动关系，且由时间状语over2,200yearsago可知，动作发生在过去，故用build的过去分词形式。故填Built。.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1Accordingtoapaperpublishingin2017，pigscantellbetweenthosewhotreatthemwellandthosewhodont.(2019湖北黄冈高三联考)答案publishingpublished解析publish与其逻辑主语apaper(论文)之间构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。2Imlookingforwardtothesummervacation.HowexciteditwillbetobuylovelyTintinproducts! (2019河北唐山三模)答案excitedexciting解析it是形式主语，真正的主语是tobuylovelyTintinproducts，所以应该用exciting，表示令人兴奋的。3Afterthat，avolunteeractivitywilltakeplaceinthenearbycommunity，offertheAmericanstudentsanopportunitytoknowmoreaboutChinaandmakefriendswithChinesestudents.答案offeroffering解析分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是willtakeplace，且句中没有并列连词，也没有从句，那么offer应该用非谓语形式。offer与其逻辑主语avolunteeractivity之间是主动关系，故用offering。4Alwaysgetthelightscheckingatleastonceaweekandmakesurethefloorisdryallthetime.(2019安徽定远二模)答案checkingchecked解析此处考查“get宾语宾补”的结构。check和宾语lights之间构成被动关系，所以用checked。5Afterfallingoffandclimbbackontotheboardmanytimes，IeventuallymadeitandIreallyenjoyedtherestofmytimeonthewater.(2019辽宁大连二模)答案climbclimbing解析after后面需要用v.ing形式。and连接的两个并列成分在形式上要一致，由falling也可推知，此处应用climbing。6Thepoemrhymeisveryshort，whichmakesiteasyunderstand.(2019山东郓城一中三模)答案understand前加to解析此处it是形式宾语，todo不定式作真正的宾语。7Whenwedroveupthemountain，Ifoundthetopcoveringwithsnowandice！(2019湘赣十四校联考)答案coveringcovered解析此处是“find宾语宾补”结构。cover和宾语thetop之间构成被动关系，所以用covered。8Lookedatmyworkwithsatisfaction，Icouldnthelpimagininghowdelightedmygrandmawouldbe.(2019湖南怀化二模)答案LookedLooking解析分析句子可知，look需用非谓语动词形式。look和句子的主语I之间构成主动关系，所以用looking。9Atthismoment，Ifoundthecitywassointeresting.HowIregretignoreitsbeautybefore!答案ignoreignoring解析此处表示我后悔以前忽视了它的美。所以应该用regretdoingsth.“后悔做了某事”。10ImsurethatbylearnChinesecalligraphy，youwillhaveabetterunderstandingofChineseculturethaneverbefore.(2019安徽淮北、宿州二模)答案learnlearning解析介词后需要用v.ing构成介宾结构。增分写作训练非谓语动词在写作中的应用非谓语动词是高中阶段的重点语法，如能应用在写作中便能够为你的作文增光添彩。请按括号内的要求升级一下下列句式。1Firstofall, IhavelivedinChinaforsixteenyearsandhavelearntEnglishsinceIwasachild，soIhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandChinese.(v.ing作状语)(2019全国)Firstofall，havinglivedinChinaforsixteenyearsandhavinglearntEnglishsinceIwasachild，IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandChinese.2Irepresentmywholeclass，andwouldliketoinviteyoutotakepartinourmusicfestival.(v.ing作状语)(2019全国)Representingmywholeclass，Iwouldliketoinviteyoutotakepartinourmusicfestival.3Wearefullypreparedforthecompetitionandwehavefaiththatwewillwin.(v.ed作状语，v.ing作宾语)(2019全国)Fullypreparedforthecompetition，wehavefaithinourwinningthecompetition.强化练(四).语法填空(2019甘肃兰州实战考试)WhatisReading?Reading is actually a very complex process that requires a great deal of active 1.(participate) on the part of the reader.It is an active thinking process involving the interaction between the reader and the print.That is to say，the readers former knowledge about the topic to 2.(read) andhislanguageknowledge (vocabularyandgrammar) directlyaffecthisunderstandingofthereadingmaterialand3.turn，thenewinformationaboutthetopic4.(contain) inthereadingmaterialwillenlargethereadersformerknowledge.Readingisaveryimportant5.(mean) ofgainingknowledgeaboutculture，custom，science，educationandtechnologyfromothersorothercountries.Itisagoodwayoflearningthemostadvancedhightechnology6.(serve) theneedsofthesocialdevelopmentandtheinterestsofourpeople.Readingis7.inseparablecomponentoftheEnglishlearning.Weshouldlaysolidfoundationsforouradvancededucation，andwecanmasterthelanguagebyreading8.(large)However，itisaverycomplexactivity9.involvesalmostallpsychologicalprocesses10.(include) sensation，perception，motorbehavior，motivation，attention，emotion，cognitionandall
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