新视界综合教程 UnitFurther readingPPT学习教案

会计学1新视界综合教程新视界综合教程 Unit Further readingWarming upHigh school studentsI recite 100 words a day!I forget 100 words a day!I shoot at the basket 100 a day!Aching for playing basketball!I get thinner and thinner even though eating fish or fowl everyday!I do running less than 100m/day!Aching for playing computers!I put on weight even though eating vegetables!1. Listen to a conversation and try to understand the different life styles between high school students and college students.College students第1页/共86页Group 1: What is the hardest thing about moving from school to college?Group 2: What is the most enjoyable thing about college life?Group 3: What new skills do you have to learn as a college student?The whole class form 3 groups and each group will discuss the following three topics respectively and make a report.第2页/共86页What is the hardest thing about moving from school to college?Hard to organize study and leisure time Washing clothes and quilt by myselfMissing parents Difficult to make good friendsInconvenient to live with other roommatesUnable to be No.1 in learningUnable to be popular among classmates第3页/共86页What is the most enjoyable thing about college life? Getting to know more friendsWay of life changedEnjoying independence and freedomLoving campus atmosphereHorizon broadened第4页/共86页Which skills are most difficult to acquire? Thinking creativelyOrganizing study and leisure timePresenting opinions publiclyCommunicating with othersTaking notes/grasping focuses of subjectsDoing research and writing essays第5页/共86页Warming upNow read the passage and check your answer. 1 understanding lectures 2 writing essays on time 3 organizing your time 4 doing all the reading 5 discussing work with other students第6页/共86页TaskSkimming & Scanning第7页/共86页 Answer: Doing researchSkimming & Scanning Answer: Learning style Answer: Writing essays Answer: Lectures and note-taking第8页/共86页Answer: (c)Skimming & Scanning第9页/共86页Answer: (c)Skimming & Scanning第10页/共86页Answer: (a)Skimming & Scanning第11页/共86页Answer: (b)Skimming & Scanning第12页/共86页Answer: (d)Skimming & Scanning第13页/共86页Answer: (a)Skimming & Scanning第14页/共86页1 Like everyone else, students have their fair share of problems. Getting to know a new environment, forming relationships with other students, and surviving on limited financial resources are all typical problems. But one of the greatest challenges you may have to face at university is the direct result of a new-found freedom. Nobody is going to make you get up in the morning or force you to attend lectures. Your learning is your own responsibility, and you will have to organize your time and find the best way to study. Here are some tips which you might find useful to improve those skills.Digging译文第15页/共86页Lectures and note-taking2 It is easy to misunderstand the role of lectures. The standard joke is that it is a system for transferring notes from the lecturers file to the students notebook without passing through the mind of either.译文Digging句子分析第16页/共86页 3 But good lecturers will make a subject come alive for their students. They will provide information, place the material of the course in context, and focus on difficult areas in some detail. The approach is to discuss and, where appropriate, be critical of the topic, rather than simply to describe it.译文Digging第17页/共86页译文Digging第18页/共86页译文Digging第19页/共86页译文Digging第20页/共86页译文Digging第21页/共86页译文Digging第22页/共86页译文Digging第23页/共86页译文Digging第24页/共86页译文Digging第25页/共86页译文Digging第26页/共86页译文Digging第27页/共86页Difficult sentences TextThe idea of “fair share” here indicates that everyone has problems of some sort or other, in more or less equal shares. Thus students have problems just as other people do, for example, older people may have better finances but they lack the energy and health. Therefore, in ones lifetime, problems may change but not go away.1. Like everyone else, students have their fair share of problems. (Line 1, Para 1)第28页/共86页Difficult sentences It means students have to live on a low income.Text第29页/共86页Difficult sentences Text3. The standard joke is that it is a system for transferring notes from the lecturers file to the students notebook without passing through the mind of either. (Line 2, Para 2)The “joke” is intended to criticize the traditional lecturing style in which the lecturer in a fairly mindless way simply reads out lecture notes. Then students simply write the notes down without real thinking. The result is that the students notes may be similar to those of the lecturer, but the meaning of the lecture hasnt passed through the mind of either students or the lecturer. 第30页/共86页Difficult sentences 4. They will provide information, place the material of the course in context, (Line 2, Para 3)TextIf the material of the course, for example, is a book or theory, a good teacher will explain how it fits into its historical background, the philosophy which lies behind it and its relation to other works and ideas. 第31页/共86页Difficult sentences 5. Try to strike a balance between listening and understanding the material which is being presented, and making notes. (Line 6, Para 4)TextIf you listen and think very carefully, you will not have time to take good notes, but if you write everything down, you will not take in the overall sense. You need to find a solution which produces both notes and understanding. strike a balance: The metaphor is of a pair of scales. If something happens to tip the balance, one thing outweighs the other, and you may need to restore the balance. Different circumstances may threaten to disturb the balance, so you may need to constantly adjust the balance.第32页/共86页Difficult sentences 6. For example, “To what extent did Parliament increase its power in the 16th century?” almost invites you to agree with the assumption that Parliament did increase its power. (Line 5, Para 16)TextThe wording of the question, as opposed to “Did Parliament increase its power in the 16th century?”, might lead a student to think about “to what extent” rather than first evaluate if Parliament did increase its power at all. 第33页/共86页例句翻译释义1vt. to move something or someone from one place to another 移动，迁移transfer等到蛋糕凉了之后再放到盘子里。 WordsWait until the cakes cool before transferring them to a plate. 例句翻译He transferred some money from one bank account to another. 他把一些钱从一个账户转到另一个账户上。 第34页/共86页释义2v. to move from one job, office, or department to another in the same company or organization （在同一公司或组织内）调动transfer Pennys applied for a transfer to another part of the company. Words例句翻译彭尼已申请调到公司的其他部门工作。 TextHe has transferred from the warehouse to the accounts office. 他已由仓库调到会计办公室任职。 例句翻译第35页/共86页例句翻译释义1n. C a set of papers, documents, or records that you keep because they contain information 档案；案卷；卷宗fileThe file on this case was closed five years ago. 人事档案存放在安全的地方。 WordsPersonnel files are kept in secure storage. 例句翻译有关这起案件的资料档案已经封存了5年之久。 We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not just thrown into some “letters-to-be-read” file or into a wastepaper basket. (Jan. 1993, CET4, Reading Comprehension)真题第36页/共86页例句翻译释义2n. C a set of information on a computer （计算机的） 文件，文档file保存修改过的文件务必要重新命名。WordsBe sure to save the revised version of the file under a new filename. 要表达建立新文件，而非备份文件或拷贝文件时，用动词create。When talking about a new file, not a back-up file or a copy, the correct verb is create. 例句翻译Text第37页/共86页例句翻译释义1n. C, u the general situation in which something happens, which helps explain it 情景；背景 context得结合具体情况来看这次降价。 WordsThis fall in prices has to be seen in context. These changes must be seen in their historical and social context. 例句翻译这些变化必须放在其历史和社会环境中来看待。 第38页/共86页例句翻译释义2n. C, U the words surrounding a particular word that help to give it its meaning 上下文；语境报纸对他的话完全断章取义，琼斯对此十分气愤。 WordsJones was furious that the papers had quoted his remarks completely out of context. context例句翻译英语单词根据上下文可能有数种不同的意思。 English words can have several meanings depending on context.Text第39页/共86页例句翻译释义1adj. expressing an opinion when you think something is wrong or bad 批判的；爱挑剔的；吹毛求疵的criticalHe has apologised for critical remarks he made about the referee. 她父亲是个非常挑剔的人。 WordsHer father was a very critical man. 例句翻译他为自己对裁判出言不逊而道歉。 The director was critical of the way we were doing the work. (Jan. 2000, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题第40页/共86页例句翻译释义2adj. very important 非常重要的；关键的critical今后几天发生的事将对我们取得成功非常关键。 WordsWhat happens in the next few days is critical to our success.例句翻译我们需要立即就这个关键性的问题作出决定。 We need an immediate decision on this critical issue. The early years of development are critical years for learning abut oneself. (Jun. 2001, CET4, Reading Comprehension)真题Text第41页/共86页例句翻译释义adj. important and directly connected to what is being discussed or considered 重要的；有关的；(与主题) 相关的relevantThese issues are directly relevant to the needs of slow learners. 这个问题和我的观点不相干。 WordsThe question is not relevant to my point. 例句翻译这些问题与接受能力慢的学习者的需要有直接关系。 Color and sex are not relevant to whether a person is suitable for the job. (Sep. 2003, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第42页/共86页例句翻译释义1n. C, U the activity of being with and talking to other people, and the way that people react to each other 互动；交流interaction涉及一定的社会交往的工作通常更令人有满足感。 WordsJobs that involve a degree of social interaction are usually more satisfying. Families need to encourage activities that promote interaction between parent and child. 家庭里要鼓励进行能够增进家长和孩子之间交流的活动。 例句翻译第43页/共86页例句翻译释义2n. C, U the process by which different things affect each other or change each other 相互影响；相互作用interactionThis study focuses on the complex interaction between body and mind.该结构似乎与其他蛋白质有相互作用。 WordsThe mechanism seems to involve interactions with other proteins. 例句翻译这项研究的重点是身心之间复杂的相互影响。 Text第44页/共86页例句翻译释义vt. to watch or study someone or something with care and attention in order to discover something 观察；观测；监视observeThe police have been observing his movements. 我观察了鸟儿怎样喂养它的后代。 WordsI observed how the bird fed its young. 例句翻译警方一直在监视着他的一举一动。 A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the differences between places. (Jun. 1991, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第45页/共86页例句翻译释义1vi. to think about something carefully and seriously 仔细思考reflectI reflected on possible reasons for my failure. 他坐在那里，思考着出了什么差错。 WordsHe sat there reflecting on what had gone wrong. 例句翻译我反思了可能导致自己失败的原因。 第46页/共86页例句翻译释义2vt. if a surface reflects something, you can see the image of that thing on the surface 映照；反射reflect She could see her face reflected in the water. 白色的衣服因为反射热量穿起来比较凉快。 WordsWhite clothes are cooler because they reflect the heat. 例句翻译她看见自己的脸倒映在水中。 Text第47页/共86页例句翻译释义 n. C, U an opinion that you have after thinking carefully about something 判断；看法；评价judgmentThey basically made a judgment without knowing all the facts. 现在对此作出判断仍为时过早。 WordsIt is still too soon to form a judgment about this. 例句翻译他们基本上是在不了解全部事实的情况下作出了判断。 If all drivers exercise good judgments at all times, there would be few accidents. (Jan. 2000, CET4, Listening Comprehension)真题Text第48页/共86页例句翻译释义a. connecting ideas or reasons in a sensible way 合乎逻辑的；合理的logicalA small apartment is a logical choice for a single person.只有每一逻辑步骤都被其他数学家验证之后，证明才成立。 WordsOnly when each logical step has been checked by other mathematicians will the proof be accepted. 例句翻译对一个单身人士而言，小公寓是合理的选择。 In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student should present his findings in logical order and clear language. (Jan. 1995, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第49页/共86页例句翻译释义a. involving a lot of new imagination and new ideas 创造的；有创造性的creativeHer book is full of creative ways to decorate your home. 他想出了一个很有创造性的解决这个问题的方案。 WordsHe came up with a really creative solution to the problem. 例句翻译她的书里充满了装点居室的创意。 Workers in the fine arts convey thoughts and feelings through their creative works. (Sep. 2003, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第50页/共86页例句翻译释义a. able to be obtained, taken, or used 可获得的；可利用的；现成的available这道菜是用在大多数超市内都能买到的原料做出来的。WordsThe dish is made with ingredients available in most supermarkets. 真题这类信息在网上可以任意获取。 The information is freely available on the Internet. 翻译There were no tickets available for Fridays performance. (Jan. 1990, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第51页/共86页例句翻译释义1n. C the part at the beginning of a book, report etc that gives a general idea of what it is about 序言；引言；内容介绍introduction序言里对劳伦斯的生平有一个简要的说明。 WordsIn the introduction theres a brief account of Lawrences life. 例句翻译他的老师为他的新书作序。 His teacher wrote the introduction for his new book. 第52页/共86页例句翻译释义2n. C the process of telling someone another persons name when they meet for the first time 介绍；引见introductionI can never remember names, so I dont like to make the introductions. 女主人在聚会上介绍大家认识。 WordsThe hostess made the introductions at the party. 例句翻译我从来记不住人名，所以我不喜欢给人作介绍。 This programme will examine the writers books in detail, following an introduction to her life. (Jan. 1994, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第53页/共86页例句翻译释义1vt. to look in a book or at a map or list in order to find information 查阅；查找 查阅报纸的分类广告版寻找招聘信息。 WordsConsult the classified pages of any newspaper to find job offers. consult例句翻译我坚持在阅读小说时查词典。 I persisted in consulting the dictionary while reading novels. 第54页/共86页例句翻译释义2vt. to ask for information or advice from someone who has special knowledge about a particular subject 向咨询；求教consultAn increasing number of clients are consulting them about Social Security changes. 她向律师咨询有关她离婚的事。 WordsShe consulted a lawyer about her divorce. 例句翻译越来越多的客户向他们咨询有关社会保障制度的变化。 Text第55页/共86页例句翻译释义n. C, U a reason or set of reasons that you use for persuading other people to support your views, opinions etc 理由；论据；论点argumentIt is better to convince by argument than seduce by example. 有充分理由要求降低价格。 WordsTheres a strong argument for lowering the price. 例句翻译以理服人强于以榜样诱导。 The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds on which to base his arguments in favour of the new theory. (Jun. 2000, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第56页/共86页例句翻译释义n. C a form of something that is different from other forms or from the original 版本；改编形式versionThe latest version of the film is more like the book. 这个作家写了一部现代版的罗密欧与朱丽叶。 WordsThe author wrote an up-to-date version of the Romeo and Juliet. 例句翻译这部电影的最新版本更忠实于原著。 Text第57页/共86页例句翻译释义1vt. to discover, prove, or decide that something is true 发现；确定；证实establishMedical tests established that she was not their own child. 我们已经查实，你那天下午就在现场。 WordsWe have established that you were present that afternoon. 例句翻译医学化验表明她不是他们的亲骨肉。 Also, air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of traveling great distances. (Jan. 2000, CET4, Reading Comprehension )真题第58页/共86页例句翻译释义2vt. to make something start to exist or start to happen 建立；创立；设立The School was established in 1989 by an Italian professor. 政府同意成立两个委员会来审议这些提议。 WordsThe government agreed to establish two committees to examine the proposals. 例句翻译这所学院由一名意大利教授创建于1989年。 Cambridge has announced plans to establish a business school presenting the masters degree in business administration. (Jun. 1992, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题establishText第59页/共86页例句翻译释义1vt. to understand an action, situation etc in a particular way 理解interpret艺术家具有和历史学家同等的权力去阐释历史。 WordsAn artist has as much right to interpret history as a historian. 例句翻译我们把他们的回答理解为赞同。 We chose to interpret the reply as favorable. 第60页/共86页例句翻译释义2v. to translate what someone is saying in one language into another language so that someone else can understand it 翻译；口译interpretShe interpreted the French film for her English-speaking friend.你可以为外宾做口译吗？ WordsCan you interpret for the foreign visitors? 例句翻译她为讲英语的朋友翻译了这部法语电影。 Text第61页/共86页例句翻译释义a. with a lot of details or small parts, which makes something difficult to understand or deal with 复杂的；难懂的complexMental illness is by its nature very complex. 情况比我们想到的要复杂。 WordsThe situation was more complex than we realised. 例句翻译精神病本质上十分复杂。 The traditional approach to dealing with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems. (Jun. 1996, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第62页/共86页例句翻译释义n. U facts or physical signs that help to prove something 迹象；证据evidenceTheres some evidence that a small amount of alcohol is good for you. 亚历克斯的父亲说他没见过任何证据表明他的儿子有精神病。 WordsAlexs father says he never saw any evidence of his sons mental illness. 例句翻译有证据显示，少量饮酒有益健康。 There is no solid evidence that people can control their dreams, at least in experimental situations in a lab. (Dec. 2003, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第63页/共86页例句翻译释义a. difficult or impossible to exist or do something without 不可缺少的；必不可少的indispensableA good education is indispensable to becoming a doctor.空气对生命来说是不可或缺的。 WordsAir is indispensable to life. 例句翻译要成为医生就必须接受良好的教育。 In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play indispensable roles in raising children. (Jan. 2002, CET4, Vocabulary and Structure)真题Text第64页/共86页例句翻译释义including many facts or aspects of a situation 详细地in detailHe described in detail how the accident happened. 为了说服投资人，他不得不把整个计划细细说明清楚。 WordsHe had to spell out the plan in detail to persuade the investors. 例句翻译他详细陈述了事故是怎样发生的。 The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. (Jun. 2000, CET4, Reading Comprehension )真题Text第65页/共86页例句翻译释义to achieve a good balance 取得合适的平衡；达到两全其美strike a balanceIt seems impossible to strike a balance between catering to the needs of the first-timer and the needs of the expert. 我正努力在执着与妥协之间找到平衡点。 WordsI am trying to strike a balance between insistence and compromise. 例句翻译看来很难找到一个合适的平衡点，以同时满足新手和专家的要求。 Text第66页/共86页例句翻译释义to examine or search something very carefully 彻底检查；彻底搜查go throughShe went through his pockets and eventually found the keys.编辑仔细检查全文查找语法错误。WordsThe editor go through the whole article for any grammatical mistakes.例句翻译她仔细检查了他的口袋，终于找到了钥匙。 Text第67页/共86页例句翻译释义to separate something into several smaller parts 分拆；分解break upI want to plant more bushes to break up the garden a bit. 你能把这个长句子分成简单的几部分吗？ WordsCan you break up this long sentence into simpler ones? 例句翻译我想多种些矮树丛把花园稍微分隔成几部分。 Text第68页/共86页例句翻译释义to remember something, especially something that will be important in the future 记得（尤指重要的）某事keep sth in mind Keep me in mind if you need some help. 当你坐到方向盘后面，就一定要时刻牢记安全第一。WordsAlways keep safety in mind when you are behind the steering wheel.例句翻译如果需要，记住我愿意提供帮助。 Text第69页/共86页例句翻译释义used when you are comparing two things or people and saying that the second one is very different from the first 对比之下by / in contrastIn contrast, the lives of girls in well-to-do families were often very sheltered. 相比之下，私营部门就有很多开销。WordsThe private sector, by contrast, has plenty of money to spend.例句翻译不同的是，生活在富裕家庭的姑娘们就备受呵护。 Text第70页/共86页原文Translation第71页/共86页原文Translation第72页/共86页原文Translation第73页/共86页原文Translation第74页/共86页原文Translation第75页/共86页原文Translation第76页/共86页原文Translation 理论型 理论型学习者喜欢有逻辑地、按部就班地做事情，喜欢把新信息消化吸收，然后创建合理的图式或模型。他们对于个人观点或创造性思维不那么适应。 务实型 务实型学习者从有明确的实际价值的活动中学到最多，他们喜欢在实际环境中检验想法，不太喜欢开放式讨论。第77页/共86页原文Translation从事研究 刚上大学时，你也许会对要做大量的研究感到有一点吃惊，并且这些研究通常要在很短的时间内完成。重要的是不要被这些研究弄得心烦意乱，也不要被大量的资料压垮。你可以把整个研究过程分成若干阶段，而且在研读资料时一直清楚自己的研究目的。第78页/共86页原文Translation循序渐进的阅读方法是很有用的。首先从手头的一般性教材和综述文章入手，了解背景知识，以及对争议性问题的介绍。然后再去细细研读更专业的文章。第79页/共86页原文Translation有效的阅读要求你根据阅读资料的类型和你的阅读目的调整阅读速度和阅读方式。为消遣而读时你可以看得快一些，中间不必停顿，也不用为以后还要回忆细节而担心。相比之下，在查阅参考书时，你可能只看一两段，但是会看得非常仔细，以确保你理解每个细节。第80页/共86页原文Translation撰写论文 论文需要周密的构思和组织。下笔之前，你应该拟定一个写作提纲。你要知道你的主要论点是什么，知道你的文章要如何开头、如何展开和结束。第81页/共86页原文Translation当你完成初稿时，要读一遍并做些修改，以便让读者更容易理解你所陈述的观点。然而，你的首要任务是弄清楚标题的确切含义。如果你误解了题意，这篇论文就会彻底失败。第82页/共86页原文Translation多花些时间思考文章的题目；如果它晦涩难懂，不妨用你自己的话重新阐述一下。此外还要考虑它可能包含的任何假设。比如，“16世纪议会的权力扩大到什么程度？”这个题目基本上在诱导你认同一个假设：议会的权力确实扩大了。也许你并不赞同这一假设。记住，你可以不认同，或者批判地对待这一假设。但你一定要保证自己的论证论据充足，推理严密。第83页/共86页TextBe critical It doesnt necessarily mean being negative about something, but rather means considering something carefully, making careful judgments, examining the context and any built-in assumptions, ideas, beliefs or feelings about something which are behind what is s