状语从句复习与专练

状语从句一定义：起副词作用，修饰主句动作，表明动作发生的时间，地点，原因，条件，方式，目的，结果等。We took photos there.We took photos in front of the tower.We took photos where stood the tower.二引导状语从句的从属连词分类 状语从句从属连词时间状语从句when,while,as,since,before,after,till,until,once,as soon as,immediately,instantly,the moment,the mimute,the second,the instant,the day,the first time,every/each time,hardlywhen,no soonerthan地点状语从句where, wherever, everywhere原因状语从句because, since, as, now (that), considering (that), in that条件状语从句If如果, unless除非, as/so long as只要, on condition that条件是, in case万一； only if只要, suppose/supposing (that)假如, provided/providing (that)假如方式状语从句as象一样, as if/though仿佛, the way用的方式目的状语从句in order that目的是, so that目的是, in case以免, for fear that以免, lest以免，以防结果状语从句so that以致, so/suchthat如此以致比较状语从句.asas not as/soas than not suchas the sameas让步状语从句though,although,as虽然(用在倒装句中),even if/though即使,while虽然,no matter who/what/when/where/how/why,无论是谁/什么/何时/何地/怎么/为什么whoever， whatever, whenever,wherever,however,whether(or)无论是还是, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that三使用注意点1时间状语从句（1） when 可指“一段时间”也可指“时间点”，译为“在。期间”“就在。时候”，从句中的动作可以是持续的也可以是短暂的 while 只可指“一段时间” ，译为“在。期间” 从句中的动作是持续的 as 表示动作与主句动作同时发生，动作可以是短暂的也可以是持续的 He entered the room _ the meeting was going on. _ he comes, Ill tell him about it. _ Jim was reading, Tom was writing. _ she saw me, she waved at me.(2) 一些名词或副词可转化为连词，引导时间状语从句 表示“一就” the moment/minute/second/instant, immediately, instantly 表示“每当” every/each time 表示“第一次” the first time 表示“那一天/年” the day/year _ you arrive there, send me a telegram. _ I saw her, I fell in love with her. He rushed into his bedroom _ he heard the sudden noise.（3）“hardlywhen”与“no soonerthan”连接两个动作时，表示动作几乎同时发生，当hardly,no sooner位于句首时，主句中助动词提前倒装。 I had hardly/no sooner stepped out when/than it began to rain. Hardly/No sooner had I stepped out when/than it began to rain.（4）until和till引导的时间状语从句 相同点肯定句中指“主句动作延续到until或till引导的时间为止”，否定句中指“主句动作直到until或till引导的时间为止才发生” I waited until/till he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 I didnt finish the work until/till he came back. 直到他回来我才完成了这项工作。 不同点a. till一般用在非正式场合，until用法较为正式。 b. till引导的时间状语从句不可置于主句前，until引导的时间状语从句可置于主句前或后。c. till一般不用于强调与倒装句式，until可以用与强调与倒装句式，且主句否定词not置于until从句前。It was not until the war was over that he was able to return to his country.Not until the war was over was he able to return to his country.2. 地点状语从句（1）注意区分where引导的地点状语从句、定语从句、名词性从句This is the place (where he lives).This is where he lives.We have found where he lives.We found him 【where he lived】.We found the place (where he lived). 注意点：只有在定语从句中where才可换为“介词in/at/on/+which”，但状语从句，名词性从句中不可以换。（2）everywhere 副词- 作状语 连词- 引导地点状语从句 I have looked for the book everywhere. 副词 everywhere I have been. 连词（3）wherever 引导地点状语从句 引导让步状语从句 Wherever he goes,he will buy his son a gift. 无论他去哪里，他都会给他儿子买个礼物。 他会在他去的任何地方买个礼物给他的儿子。3原因状语从句（1）because 从属连词 引导的原因状语从句一般放在主句后，语气最强，表示直接原因 since 从属连词 引导的原因状语从句一般放在主句前，译为“既然”，表示已知的显然的理由 as 从属连词 引导的原因状语从句一般放在主句前，表示的理由最弱，只是对主句的附带说明 for 并列连词 连接两个并列句，前句表示推论，后句为作出推论的理由。 He didnt come _ he was ill. He didnt come _ I didnt see him in the hall. _ we didnt see him, lets begin our meeting without him.（2）considering (that)考虑到。Considering (that) he is old, he is rather energetic.Considering(=In view of) his old age, he is rather energetic.（3）now (that)既然。 Now (that) you have passed the driving test, you can drive alone.（4）in that 基于。理由，因为。 He is thought to be the most suitable person for the job in that he has a rich knowledge of English.4条件状语从句（1） if 如果，假如 unless 如果不，除非 Ill go tomorrow unless it rains. We wont wait for him if he doesnt come before 12:00. unless he comes before 12:00. 注意点 不要将unless纯粹译为“除非”来解题，要替换为“ifnot”。（2） only if “只要”，引导条件状语从句(=as/so long as=on condition that) if only “要是。就好了”，后接一个完整句子（用虚拟语气），或引导条件状语从句 Only if you keep on trying, you can succeed. If only she were with me!（3）provided/providing (that); supposing/suppose (that); in case 表示“假如，万一” Provided/Providing (that)Supposing/Suppose (that) we dont have a day off, what shall we do?In case5方式状语从句（1）as if/though意义为“仿佛，好像”引导方式状语从句或表语从句，可以用陈述语气，表示（可能）符合事实的情况；也可以用虚拟语气，表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况。It looks as if/though it is going to rain/ It looks like rain. He speaks as if/though he were a chinese. He behaved as if/though he had been there.（2）名词the way转化为连词引导方式状语从句，相当于as We must do everything the way/as our teachers do.6目的状语从句 in order that/ so that “为了/目的是。” in case/ for fear that/lest “以免/以防。”He spoke loudly in order that/so that everyone could hear him.He spoke loudly in case/for fear that people couldnt hear him.I watered the flowers lest they (should) die. 注意点目的状语从句中用虚拟语气，常用表示说话者意愿的情态动词。Lest从句中常用should，should可省略。7结果状语从句（1）so that可引导结果状语从句，也可引导目的状语从句He got up early so that he got to school on time. (结果) so that he could get to school on time. （目的）（2）“so/suchthat”结构中that引导的结果状语从句 such+a/an+(adj.)+可数名词单数+that such +(adj.)+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that adj./ adv. so+ adj.+a/an+n. +that many/much/little/few+n. He works _ hard that he succeeds in everything. He was _ a careless man that he ran into a tree. He was _ careless a man that he ran into a tree. Marx made _ rapid/_ much progress in English that he wrote articles in English. There is _ little rain in this area that it is hard to grow crops here. They are _ little children that it is impossible for them to finish _ difficult a task. _ a difficult task. 注意点 与所修饰的部分一同置于句首时，主句中用部分倒装 So hard does he work that he succeeds in everything. Such a careless man was he that he ran into a tree.8让步状语从句 （1）though, although引导让步状语从句，不能与并列连词but连用（否则句式矛盾），但可与副词yet,still搭配 Though he is young, but he knows a lot. ()Though he is young, (yet/still) he knows a lot. () （2）as引导让步状语从句，需用倒装句，此时可用though但不可用although。 Hard as/though he works, he cant succeed.（作状语的adv.位于句首） Young as/though he is, he knows a lot.（作表语的adj.位于句首） Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.（作表语的n.位于句首，单数可数n.前不用冠词） Try as/though he may/might, he cant succeed.（谓语v.原形位于句首，主语后用情态动词或助动词） Try as/though he did, he didnt succeed. （3） wh-ever等(包括however) 引导让步状语从句和名词性从句 No matter wh-等(包括no matter how) 只引导让步状语从句 _ breaks the law, he should be punished._ breaks the law should be punished._ you say, I wont believe you._ difficulty I may face, Ill overcome it._ the weather is, well go outing._ hard he works, he cant succeed.Whatever, however或no matter what/how引导让步状语从句时既可以单独充当成分，也可修饰名词和形容词副词。 （4）表示“无论是还是”意义，可用whether也可用no matter whether引导 Whether/No matter whether he comes (or not), we will start the meeting at once. （5）if与while也可引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管” If he is poor, he is honest. _ We will go out if it should rain. _ We wouldnt go out if it should rain. _ While he is young, he is experienced. _ While he was young, he didnt get any schooling. _Practice:1. I wont call you, _ something unexpected happens. A. unless B. whether C. because D. while2. We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with3._ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. A. IfB. Since C. ThoughD. When4. Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. A. asB. thatC. which D. where5. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water _ they are not managed carefully. A. thoughB. beforeC. until D. if6. _ I really dont like art, I find his work impressive.AAs BSince CIf DWhile 7. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again. A. after B. before C. since D. when8. Leave your key with a neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.A. ever since B. even if C. soon after D. in case9. You will be successful in the interview you have confidence. A.beforeB.once C.until D.though10. Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but _ they have eggs or young chicks, they dont use a nest. A. why B. how C. unless D. where 11. He was told that it would be at least three more months _he could receover and return to work. A.when B.before C.since D.that12. there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather, the mail always comes on time.ABecause BIfCWhen DUnless13. tomorrow, our ship will set sail for Macao. AHowever the weather is likeBHowever is the weather likeCWhatever is the weather likeDWhatever the weather is like14. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ weve actually had that lesson. A. until B. after C. since D. when 15. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _ they knew it to be valuable. A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that 16. My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house _ there is a power out. A. ifB. unless C. in case D. so that17. We had to wait half an hour _ we had already booked a table. A. since B. although C. until D. before18. Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? I dont mind where we go _ theres sun, sea and beach. A. as ifB. as long asC. now thatD. in order that19. A small car is big enough for a family of three _ you need more space for baggage. A. once B. because C. if D. unless20. Did you return Freds call? I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow. A. though B. unless C. when D. because21. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian get back. A. before B. since C. till D. after22. Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or its very cold. A. since B. if C. unless D. until23. -Are you ready for Spain？ -Yes, I want the girls to experience that _ they are young. A. whileB. untilC. ifD. before24. _ well prepared you are , you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. A. however B. whateverC. no matter D. although25. -Do you have a minute? Ive got something to tell you. -Ok, _ you make it short. A. now that B. if only C. so long as D. every time26. Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. A. that B. which C. when D. where27. _ the Internet is of great help,I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. A.If B. While C. Because D. As28. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. thoughB. forC. butD. so29. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. A. even ifB. whichC. whereD. so that30. _ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhereverD. However31. I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more. A. onceB. whenC. sinceD. although32. There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down. A. when B. until C. that D. where33. Dont promise anything _ you are one hundred percent sure. A. whether B. after C. how D. unless34.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since35. _ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until36. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when B. while C. after D. since37. My parents dont mind what job I do I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though38. You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as39. Peterwassoexcited _hereceivedaninvitationfromhisfriendtovisitChongqing. A. whereB. that C. whyD. when40. All the dishes in this menu,_ otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. Unless41.Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed. A. though B. as C. since D. unless42. Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,_itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomic possibilitiesaroundtheworld. A.whatever B.whoever C.wherever D.whichever43.Oneslifehasvalue_onebringsvaluetothelifeofothers. A.sothat B.nomatterhow C.aslongas D.exceptthat44. Itsoundslikesomethingiswrongwiththecarsengine,wedbettertakeittothegarage immediately A.OtherwiseB.IfnotC.ButforthatD.Ifso45.You wont find paper cutting difficult _you keep practicing it. A.even if B. as long as C .as if D. ever since46._the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. Although47.If you miss this chance, it may be years _ you get another one. A. as B. before C. since D. after来源:学&48. _ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. A. Just as B. Even though C. Until D. Unless49.We need to get to the root of the problem_ we can solve it. A.whileB. afterC. beforeD. As50.There is only one more day to go your favorite music group play live. A. since B. until C. when D. before51.I believe you will have a wonderful time here you get to know everyone else. A. though B. as if C. once D. so that52._the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp. A. While B. Unless C. Since D. Until53._ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. A. WhereB. AsC. In caseD. Now that54._ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still dont know. A. OnceB. SinceC. ThoughD. Unless55.It is so cold that you cant go outside _ fully covered in thick clothes. A. if B. unless C. once D. when56. _ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it. A. If only B. After CAlthough DIn case8