考研考博-考博英语-西南交通大学考前自测提分卷19(含答案详解）

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-西南交通大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Can the Internet help patients jump the line at the doctors office? The Silicon Valley Employers Forum, a sophisticated group of technology companies, is launching a pilot program to test online virtual visits between doctors at three big local medical groups and about 6,000 employees and their families. The six employers taking part in the Silicon Valley initiative, including heavy hitters such as Oracle and Cisco Systems, hope that online visits will mean employees wont have to skip work to attend to minor ailments or to follow up on chronic conditions. With our long commutes and traffic, driving 40 miles to your doctor in your hometown can be a big chunk of time, says Cindy Conway, benefits director at Cadence Design Systems, one of the participating companies.Doctors arent clamoring to chat with patients online for free; though they spend some unpaid time on the phone. Only 1 in 5 has ever E-mailed a patient, and just 9 percent are interested in doing so, according to the research firm Cyber Dialogue. “We are not stupid, says Stifling Somers, executive director of the Silicon Valley employers group. Doctors getting paid is a critical piece in getting this to work. In the pilot program, physicians will get $20 per online consultation, about what they get for a simple office visit.Doctors also fear theyll be swamped by rambling E-mails that tell everything but whats needed to make a diagnosis. So the new program will use technology supplied by Healinx, an Alameda, Calif.-based start-up. Healinxs Smart Symptom Wizard questions patients and turns answers into a succinct message. The company has online dialogues for 60 common conditions. The doctor can then diagnose the problem and outline a treatment plan, which could include E-mailing a prescription or a face-to-face visit.Can E-mail replace the doctors office? Many conditions, such as persistent cough, require stethoscope to discover whats wrong and to avoid a malpractice suit. Even Larry Bonham, head of one of the doctors groups in the pilot, believes the virtual doctors visits offer a “very narrow sliver of service between phone calls to an advice nurse and a visit to the clinic.The pilot program, set to end in nine months, also hopes to determine whether online visits will boost worker productivity enough to offset the cost of the service. So far, the Internets record in the health field has been underwhelming. The experiment is a huge roll of the dice for Healing, notes Michael Barrett, an analyst at Internet consulting firm Forester Research. If the Web visits succeed, some HMOs (Health Maintenance Organizations) are expected to pay for online visits. If doctors, employers, and patients arent satisfied, figure on one more E-health start-up to stand down.1.The Silicon Valley employers promote the E-health program for the purpose of（ ）.2.What can be learned about the on-line doctors visits?3.According to the second paragraph, doctors are（ ）.4.Smart Symptom Wizard is capable of（ ）.5.It can be inferred from the passage that the future of online visits will mostly depend on whether（ ）.问题1选项A.rewarding their employeesB.gratifying the local hospitalsC.boosting worker productivityD.testing a sophisticated technology问题2选项A.They are a quite promising business.B.They are funded by the local government.C.They are welcomed by all the patients.D.They are very much under experimentation.问题3选项A.reluctant to serve online for nothingB.not interested in Web consultationC.too tired to talk to the patient onlineD.content with $20 paid per Web visit问题4选项A.making diagnosesB.producing prescriptionsC.profiling patients illnessD.offering a treatment plan问题5选项A.the employers would remain confident in themB.they could effectively replace office visitsC.HMOs would cover the cost of the serviceD.new technologies would be available to improve the E-health project【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】第1题:判断推理题。最后一段指出了目的:The pilot program, set to end in nine months, also hopes to determine whether online visits will boost worker productivity enough to offset the cost of the service (为期九个月的这次的试点项目，也希望去确定网上问诊是否将提高员工的生产率足够到抵消服务成本)。因此C项“提高工作效率”正确。第2题:判断推理题。第一段第二句指出:The Silicon Valley Employers Forum, a sophisticated group of technology companies, is launching a pilot program to test online “virtual visits” (作为资深技术团队的硅谷雇主论坛推出了一个试点项目来测试虚拟访问（即网上问诊）)。由此可知D选项“它们还在实验当中”正确。第3题:细节事实题。A:医生不愿意在网上免费服务。B:对网上咨询不感兴趣。C:太累而不能与病人在网上聊天。D:对一次网上问诊20美元的价格满意。第二段第一句及第二句指出: Doctors arent clamoring to chat with patients online for free; though they spend some unpaid time on the phone. Only 1 in 5 has ever E-mailed a patient, and just 9 percent are interested in doing so, according to the research firm Cyber Dialogue (医生们并没有叫嚷着要免费和病人在线聊天，尽管他们在电话上花了一些无偿的时间。据研究公司网络对话（Cyber Dialogue）称，只有五分之一的人曾给病人发过电子邮件，只有9%的人对此感兴趣)。由此可知，A项正确，B项不正确。C项跟D项并未被文章提及，故排除。第4题:细节事实题。第三段指出: Healinxs “Smart Symptom Wizard” questions patients and turns answers into a succinct message (Healinx的“智能症状向导”向患者提问，并将答案转化为简洁的信息)。因此C选项“扼要描述病人的病情”正确。而其余三项均是医生的工作。因此本题选C。第5题:判断推理题。A:雇主将仍对它们有信心。B:它们能有效替代医院问诊。C:健康维护组织会承担服务费用。D:改善网络健康工程的新技术将存在。最后一段指出: If the “Web visits” succeed, some HMOs （Health Maintenance Organizations） are expected to pay for online visits. If doctors, employers, and patients arent satisfied, figure on one more E-health start-up to stand down (如果“网上问诊”成功，一些健康维护组织（HMO）将为在线访问付费。如果医生、雇主和病人都不满意，那就再找一家电子健康初创公司)。由此可知D项正确，A项过于片面。而B项属于过度推理，C项只是结果，并不是条件。因此本题选D。2.单选题Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was（ ）in tropical countries.问题1选项A.prospectiveB.prevalentC.provocativeD.perpetual【答案】B【解析】句意:一些研究证实这种眼病在热带国家是普遍的。考查形容词辨析。prospective 未来的;预期的;prevalent 流行的；普遍的；provocative 刺激的，挑拨的；气人的；perpetual 永久的；不断的。空格处形容词的主语是eye disease(眼病)，因此B符合句意。3.单选题The key words Francis wrote on the back of an old letter, “The Star Spangled Banner became the national （ ）of the United States.问题1选项A.songB.hymnC.anthemD.motto【答案】A【解析】句意:弗朗西斯在一封旧信的背面写下的关键词“星条旗之歌”后来成为了美国的国歌。考查名词辨析。song 歌曲;hymn 赞美诗;anthem 圣歌，颂歌；motto 座右铭。四个选项中，A符合句意。4.单选题The current general slackness of the market has prevented us from （ ）new orders with you.问题1选项A.placingB.puttingC.arrangingD.providing【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。根据题意和选项可知本题考查固定搭配place order with sb. “向某人发出订单”，因此选项B、C、D均不符合题意，选项A为正确选项。句意：目前市场普遍不景气，使我们无法向贵方下新订单。5.单选题“Oh, Im too sleepy to study.” “Well, if you （ ） that late movie last night, you wouldnt have been so sleepy.”问题1选项A.didnt watchB.havent watchedC.havent watchedD.hadnt watched【答案】D【解析】语法题。考查虚拟语气。分析题干可知if you （ ） that late movie last night是if引导的条件状语从句，从主句部分的wouldnt have been可知此句是对过去事实的虚拟，因此从句部分应用had+过去分词形式，故选D项。句意：“哦，我太困了不能学习。”。“嗯，如果你昨晚没有观看那个晚场的电影的话，你不会如此困。”6.单选题If there is the need to compete in a crowd, to battle （ ）the edge the surest strategy is to develop the unexpected.问题1选项A.onB.forC.againstD.with【答案】B【解析】句意:如果需要在人群中竞争，那么为优势竞争最可靠的策略就是开发出意想不到的东西。on 在上；for 为了: against 反对；with 和。此处句意表示“为优势竞争”，故选B。7.单选题The new appointment of our president （ ）from the very beginning of next semester.问题1选项A.takes effectB.takes partC.takes placeD.takes turns【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。选项A：take effect “生效，起作用”;选项B：take part “参与，参加”；选项C：take place “发生，举行，就位”;选项D：take turns “轮流，依次”。句意：校长的新任命从下个学期的开始就生效。根据句意可知，本题选项A更切合题意，正确。8.单选题Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is the poorest of the poor. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for publishing the results and preserving the sites once excavated. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects every day. Second, there is the problem of illegal excavation, resulting in museum-quality pieces being sold to the highest bidder.I would like to make an outrageous suggestion that would at one stroke provide funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of illegal digging. I would propose that scientific archaeological expeditions and governmental authorities sell excavated artifacts on the open market. Such sales would provide substantial funds for the excavation and preservation of archaeological sites and the publication of results. At the same time, they would break the illegal excavators grip on the market, thereby decreasing the inducement to engage in illegal activities.You might object that professionals excavate to acquire knowledge, not money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, not sold to the highest bidder. I agree. Sell nothing that has unique artistic merit or scientific value. But, you might reply everything that conies out of the ground has scientific value. Here we part company. Theoretically, you may be correct in claiming that every artifact has potential scientific value. Practically, you are wrong.I refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially duplicates of one another. In one small excavation in Cyprus, archaeologists recently uncovered 2,000 virtually indistinguishable small jugs in a single courtyard. Even precious royal seal impressions known as melekh handles have been found in abundance - more than 4.000 examples so far.The basements of museums are simply not large enough to store the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There is not enough money even to catalogue the finds; as a result, they cannot be found again and become as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Indeed, with the help of a computer, sold artifacts could be more accessible than are the pieces stored in bulging museum basements. Prior to sale, each could be photographed and the list of the purchases could be maintained on the computer. A purchaser could even be required to agree to return the piece if it should become needed for scientific purposes.1.The primary purpose of the passage is to propose（ ）.2.The author implies that all the following statements about duplicate artifacts are true EXCEPT（ ）.3.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a disadvantage of storing artifacts in museum basements?4.The word abundance (Line 4, Paragraph 4) has the closest meaning to（ ）.5.Which of the following initial objections to the adoption of his proposal dose the author anticipate?问题1选项A.an alternative to museum display of artifactsB.a way to curb illegal digging while benefiting the archaeological professionC.the governmental regulation of archaeological sitesD.a new system for cataloguing duplicate artifacts问题2选项A.a market for such artifacts already existsB.such artifacts seldom have scientific valueC.museums are well supplied with examples of such artifactsD.such artifacts frequently exceed in quality those already catalogued in museum collection问题3选项A.Space that could be better used for display is taken up for storage.B.Artifacts discovered in one excavation often become separated from each other.C.Such artifacts often remain uncatalogued and thus cannot be located once they are put in storage.D.Such artifacts are often damaged by variations in temperature and humidity.问题4选项A.a large quantityB.a formidable qualityC.a weird appearanceD.a valuable rarity问题5选项A.An oversupply of salable artifacts will result and the demand for them will fail.B.Artifacts that would have been displayed in public places will be sold to private collectors.C.Illegal excavators will have an even larger supply of artifacts for resale.D.Counterfeiting of artifacts will become more commonplace.【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A第5题:B【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了考古学缺乏资金支持以及非法盗掘猖獗的现象，随后提出了针对性的解决方案。因此B项“一种遏制非法盗掘同时能让考古职业受益的方法”正确。第2题:判断推理题。A:史前文物市场已经存在。第一段最后一句指出: Second, there is the problem of illegal excavation, resulting in museum-quality pieces being sold to the highest bidder (其次，存在非法挖掘的问题，导致博物馆有收藏价值的文物被卖给出价最高的人)。因此A项符合文章所述。B:这种史前文物很少有科研价值。第三段指出:Theoretically, you may be correct in claiming that every artifact has potential scientific value. Practically, you are wrong (从理论上讲，你声称每件文物都有潜在的科学价值或许是对的。但实际上，你错了)。因此B项正确。C:博物馆里有很多这些史前文物。第五段指出:The basements of museums are simply not large enough to store the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future (博物馆的地下室只是没有足够大到存放将来可能被发现的文物)。因此C项正确。D:这些史前文物在质量上常常优于那些编录到博物馆里的文物，此选项文章并未提及。因此答案为D。第3题:细节事实题。最后一段指出: There is not enough money even to catalogue the finds; as a result, they cannot be found again and become as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered (甚至没有足够的钱对这些发现进行分类；结果，它们就再也找不到了，并且变得难以接近，像从未被发现过一样)。因此C项 “这些史前文物通常保持未分类状态，因此一旦收藏起来就可能找不到了”正确。第4题:词义题。根据题干定位至第四段:Even precious royal seal impressions known as melekh handles have been found in abundance - more than 4.000 examples so far. 破折号后面的 more than 4.000 examples so far (到目前为止有多于四千件复制品) 是用来解释说明abundance的，由此可知abundance表示“数量很多”。第5题:判断推理题。第三段指出: Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, not sold to the highest bidder (此外，古代文物是我们全球文化遗产的一部分，所有人都可以欣赏，而不是卖给出价最高的人)。因此B项“本应该在公共场合被展出的文物将要卖给个人”正确。9.单选题The computer revolution may well change society as （ ） as did the Industrial Revolution.问题1选项A.certainlyB.insignificantlyC.fundamentallyD.comparatively【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项certainly“当然；必定”；B选项insignificantly“无关紧要地”；C选项fundamentally“ 根本地，从根本上；基础地”；D选项comparatively“比较地；相当地”。句意：计算机革命可能会像工业革命一样从根本上改变我们的社会。因此C符合句意。10.翻译题Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.虽然我们几乎没有注意到人工智能设备的存在，但是它们的普遍出现已经使人们摆脱了许多的劳动。2.没有情感的因素，我们的智慧很难开创新道路；没有智慧，情感也无法达到完美的状态。3.我们必须意识到：寻求赞许与其说是生活之必需，不如说是一种欲望。我们都愿意博得 掌声，听到赞扬。4.考试能证明学习者在一种语言中是否熟练。通过语言考试远不只是激励了自己在语言方 面的自尊。5.在决定什么风险水平对社会和经济方面的影响是可以接受的之前，他们需要了解人们日常所面对的整个风险的水平和通过努力所能达到的安全水平。【答案】1. Although we hardly notice the existence of artificial intelligence equipment, their prevalence in life has already enabled people to break away from a lot of labor.2. Without emotions, our wisdom can hardly exploit new route; without wisdom, emotions can hardly reach a perfect state.3. We must realize that seeking approval is more a desire than a necessity of life. We are all willing to win applause and praise.4. The examination can prove the proficiency of the learner in using one language. Passing a language test is more than just motivating your self-esteem in language.5. Before deciding what kind of risk level will produce acceptable influence on society and economy, they need to understand the level of the whole risk faced by people in daily life as well as the safe level achieved by them through endeavor.