考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考前自测提分卷66(含答案详解）

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！ 住在富人区的她考研考博-考博英语-宁夏大学考前自测提分卷（含答案详解）一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题They achieved more than they had ever dreamed, lending a magic to their family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival.问题1选项A.confirmB.achieveC.matchD.exaggerate【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“确认，确定”；B选项“完成，达到”；C选项“匹配，适合，匹敌”；D选项“夸张，夸大”；题干中rival“竞争对手，同行者，匹敌”，句意：他们的成就超出了他们的梦想，为他们的家庭故事增添了任何故事或普通生活都无法匹敌的魔力。因此C选项符合题意。2.单选题Dont let his criticism（ ） you; he belongs to the kind of people who always take great delight in finding fault with others behavior.问题1选项A.persuadeB.concernC.dismissD.discourage【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项persuade“说服”；B选项concern“影响，牵扯”；C选项dismiss“解散，解雇”；D选项discourage“阻止，使气馁”。句意：不要因为他的批评而（ ）；他是那种喜欢对别人的行为吹毛求疵的人。本句表达的意思“不要因为他的批评而气馁”，因此D选项符合题意。3.单选题Recently, one of my best friends Jennie, with whom I have shared just about everything since the first day of kindergarten, spent the weekend with me. Since I moved to a new town several years ago, we have both always looked forward to the few times a year when we see each other.Over the weekend, we spent hours and hours, staying up late into the night, talking about the people she was hanging around with. She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he experimented with drugs and was into other self-destructive behavior. I was blown away! She told me how she had been lying to her parents about where she was going and even stealing out to see this guy because they didnt want her around him. No matter how hard I tried to tell her that she deserved better, she didnt believe me. Her self-respect seemed to have disappeared.I tried to convince her that she was running her future and heading for big trouble I felt like I was getting nowhere. I just couldnt believe that she really thought it was acceptable to hang with a bunch of losers, especially her boyfriend.By the time she left, I was really worried about her and exhausted by the experience. It had been so frustrating that I had come close to telling her several times during the weekend that maybe we had just grown too far apart to continue our friendship, but I didnt. I put the power of friendship to the ultimate test. Weve been friends for far too long. I had to hope that she valued me enough to know that I was trying to save her from hurting herself. I wanted to believe that our friendship could conquer anything.A few days later, she called to say that she had thought long and hard about our conversation, and then she told me that she had broken up with her boyfriend. I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joy running down my face. It was one of the truly rewarding moments in my life. Never had I been so proud of a friend.1.What word best sums up Jennies boyfriend?2.What was the attitude of Jennies parents towards her relationship with her boyfriend?3.How did the author react to Jennies relationship with her boyfriend?4.How did the author feel when Jennie told her she had broken up with her boyfriend?5.What message does the author try to convey in this passage?问题1选项A.A loser.B.A drug userC.A trouble makerD.criminal问题2选项A.They were rater tolerant.B.They did not allow her to continue it.C.They were indifferent to it.D.They thought their daughter deserved a better friend.问题3选项A.She was very angry with Jennie for choosing such a friend.B.She threatened to break up with Jennie if her advice was ignored.C.She was overcome with pride that Jennie told her about her boyfriend.D.She tried her best to dissuade Jennie from continuing.问题4选项A.She felt relieved.B.She felt exhausted.C.She felt frustrated and angry.D.She felt happy and proud.问题5选项A.Drugs can destroy innocent young people.B.Young people should be careful in choosing their friends.C.Parents should take good care of their children.D.The power of true friendship can conquer anything.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:D第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.事实细节题。题干问：哪个单词完美总结了Jennie的男朋友？A选项“一个失败者”，定位到第二段She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he experimented with drugs and was into other self-destructive behavior（她的男友不仅吸毒而且有其他自残的行为）。第三段作者还说I just couldnt believe that she really thought it was acceptable to hang with a bunch of losers, especially her boyfriend.（我只是不敢相信她真的认为和一群废柴在一起是可以接受的，尤其是她的男朋友。）也就是说珍妮的男友是位失败者，A选项最佳总结了她的男朋友。B选项“一个吸毒者”，C选项“一个惹是生非的人”，D选项“一个罪犯”。2.判断推理题。题干问：Jennie的父母是如何看待她和男友这段感情的？B选项“他们不允许她继续和他在一起”，定位到第二段She told me how she had been lying to her parents about where she was going and even stealing out to see this guy because they didnt want her around him.（她一直在向父母撒谎她要去哪里，甚至偷偷溜出去见那个男人，因为他们不希望她在他身边）因此我们可以得出她的父母是不同意她和他在一起的，答案为B。A选项“他们非常宽容”，C选项“他们对这个并不关心”，D选项“他们认为他们的女儿值得更好的”。3.事实细节题。题干问：作者对于Jennie和她男朋友的这段感情是怎么看的？D选项“她尽自己的最大努力去劝Jennie分手”，作者在第二段抱怨说No matter how hard I tried to tell her that she deserved better, she didnt believe me.（不管我怎么努力告诉她她值得更好的，她都不相信我）。在第三段又说I tried to convince her that she was ruining her future and heading for big trouble（我试图让她相信，她正在毁掉自己的未来，惹上大麻烦），也就是说作者一直想办法劝阻珍妮不要继续和她的男友来往了，答案为D。A选项“她对于Jennie选择了一个这样的男朋友感到很生气”，B选项“她威胁说，如果珍妮不听她的劝告，她就要同珍妮绝交”，C选项“她对于Jennie告诉她自己有男朋友而感到很骄傲”。4.事实细节题。题干问：作者对于Jennie和她男朋友分手是怎么看待的？D选项“她感到高兴并骄傲”；定位到最后一段I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joy running down my face.（我只是在电话的另一端听着，喜极而泣。）证明作者得知这个消息之后又开心又激动，答案为D。A选项“她感到松了一口气”，B选项“她感到精疲力竭”，C选项“她感到沮丧并且生气”。5.归纳概括题。题干问：作者写这篇文章是为了传递什么信息呢？D选项“真挚的友谊可以战胜一切”；从全文来看，珍妮和作者有着十分深厚的友谊，她们彼此都十分信任。而珍妮最近交上一位男友，这位男友不仅吸毒而且还有其他的自残行为这让作者十分不安，希望珍妮立刻断绝她和这位男友的来往。但一开始珍妮并没有接受她的规劝，所以作者感到十分沮丧。作者只能以她们的深厚友谊为赌注，希望珍妮能相信作者是在尽力拯救她，希望她们的友谊能帮助她们克服一切困难。最终珍妮经过长时间的痛苦的思考，终于醒悟过来，和那位男友断绝了关系，摆脱了困境，因此答案为D。A选项“毒品可以摧毁无辜的年轻人”，B选项“年轻人在挑选伴侣时应该小心”，C选项“家长应该照顾关心他们的孩子”都不能完全概括整篇文章的意义。4.单选题Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea,（1）into a hobby and lately has（2）into a full-time passion. The two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, PhD candidates（3）Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started their guide in April 1994 as a way to keep（4）of their personal interest on the Internet. Before long they（5）that their home brewed lists were becoming too long and（6）. Gradually they began to spend more and more time on Yahoo.During 1994, they（7）yahoo into a customized database designed to（8）the needs of the thousands of users（9）began to use the service through the closely（10）Internet community. They developed customized software to help them（11）locate identify and edit material（12）on the Internet. The name Yahoo is（13）to stand for “Yet another Hierarchical Officious Orale”, but Filo and Yang insist they selected the（14）because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo itself first（15）on Yangs workstation, “akebono”, while the search engine was（16）on Filos computer “Konishiki.”In early 1995 Marc Andersen, co-founder of Netscape Communication in Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files（17）to larger computers（18）at Netscape. As a result Stanfords computer network returned to（19）, and both parties benefited. Today, Yahoo （20）organized information on tens of thousands of computers linked to the web.问题1选项A.becameB.grewC.turnD.intend问题2选项A.madeB.sawC.lookedD.turned问题3选项A.inB.onC.aboutD.for问题4选项A.touchB.contactC.trackD.record问题5选项A.foundedB.foundC.arguedD.reported问题6选项A.unwieldyB.toughC.tamableD.invaluable问题7选项A.exchangedB.shankC.soldD.converted问题8选项A.explainB.serveC.discoverD.evaluate问题9选项A.whichB.thatC.actuallyD.eagerly问题10选项A.relativeB.interactiveC.boundD.contacted问题11选项A.fluentlyB.efficientlyC.exactlyD.actually问题12选项A.transmittedB.purchasedC.soldD.stored问题13选项A.aboutB.boundC.goingD.supposed问题14选项A.fableB.modeC.nameD.brand问题15选项A.supportedB.residedC.livedD.linked问题16选项A.connectedB.lodgedC.introducedD.linked问题17选项A.overB.awayC.insideD.beneath问题18选项A.housedB.caughtC.hosedD.hidden问题19选项A.averageB.normalC.ordinaryD.equal问题20选项A.attainsB.detainsC.maintainsD.contains【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B第6题:A第7题:D第8题:B第9题:B第10题:C第11题:B第12题:D第13题:D第14题:C第15题:B第16题:B第17题:A第18题:A第19题:B第20题:A【解析】1.考查动词词组辨析。A选项“变成，成为”；B选项“发展为”；C选项“转变成”，D选项“想要，意指”，句意：就像计算机时代的许多其他方面一样，雅虎一开始只是一个想法，后来_了一种爱好。A选项是一个中性词，用于意义好、坏两方面的变化都可以；B选项更侧重强调结果；C选项时态不对；D选项词组含义不适合语境，因此B选项符合题意。2.考查动词词组辨析。A选项“把制成”；B选项“调查，观察的性质”；C选项“调查，观察”；D选项“变成，转变成”，句意：与计算机时代的许多其他方面一样，雅虎一开始只是一个想法，后来变成了一种爱好，最近又（ ）一种全职的热情。本句表示的是“变成了一种全职的热情”，因此D选项符合题意。3.考查固定搭配。A选项“在内”；B选项“在之上”；C选项“关于”；D选项“为了”，句意：雅虎的两名开发人员大卫费罗和杨致远是（ ）斯坦福大学电子工程专业的博士生。而表示某个修某个具体专业的人，要用in Electrical Engineering表示，因此A选项符合题意。4.考查固定搭配。A选项“保持联系”；B选项“保持联系”；C选项“记录，与保持联系”；D选项“保持的记录”，句意：1994年4月开始他们的指南，作为一种在互联网上（ ）个人兴趣的方式。本句表示“记录个人的兴趣爱好”，因此C选项符合题意。5.考查动词辨析。A选项“建立”；B选项“发现”；C选项“争论，争辩”，D选项“报道”，句意：不久之后，他们（ ）自己自制的清单变得太长，太不实用了。本句表示“发现自己的清单太长”，因此B选项符合题意。6.考查形容词辨析。A选项“笨拙的，笨重的”；B选项“艰难的，粗糙的”；C选项“可驯服的”；D选项“无价的，非常贵重的”，句意：不久之后，他们发现自己自制的清单变得太长，太（ ）了。本句想要表达的是“清单太长太笨重”，因此A选项符合题意。7.考查动词辨析。A选项“交换”；B选项“（花等）从病梗上枯萎脱落”；C选项“卖”；D选项“转变，改变”，句意：在1994年，他们把雅虎（ ）一个定制的数据库。本句表示“把雅虎变成一个”，因此D选项符合题意。8.考查动词辨析。A选项“解释”；B选项“为服务，招待”；C选项“发现，发觉”；D选项“评价，估价”，句意：在1994年，他们把yahoo转换成一个定制的数据库，以（ ）成千上万用户的需求。而serve the need是固定搭配，表示“满足某人的需求”，因此B选项符合题意。9.考查定语从句。A选项“哪个是（引导非限制性定语从句）”；B选项“那个”；C选项“实际上”；D选项“热情地”，句意为：用户（ ）开始通过紧密联系的互联网社区使用这项服务。这里考查的是定语从句，A选项不能用于主语为人的定语从句，排除；C和D不是定语从句的关联词，排除；当先行词为人时，可以用that作关系代词，因此B选项符合题意。10.考查名词辨析。A选项“亲戚，相关物”；B选项“交互，交互式的”；C选项“跳跃，限制”；D选项“交往，接触”，句意：通过紧密（ ）的互联网社区开始使用这项服务的用户。closely bound意为“紧密相连”，因此C选项符合题意。11.考查副词辨析。A选项“流利地”；B选项“有效地，效率高地”；C选项“恰好地，正好”；D选项“实际上，事实上”，句意：他们开发了定制软件，帮助他们（ ）定位、识别和编辑存储在互联网上的材料。本句想表达的含义应该是“高效的定位”，因此B选项符合题意。12.考查动词辨析。A选项“传输，传送”；B选项“购买”；C选项“卖”；D选项“储存，储藏”，句意：他们开发了定制软件，帮助他们有效地定位、识别和编辑（ ）在互联网上的材料。根据句意应该是“储存在互联网上的资料”，因此D选项符合题意。13.考查固定搭配。A选项“关于”；B选项“界限，边界”；C选项“离开，离去”；D选项“认定，据说”，句意：Yahoo这个名字（ ）来代表“又一个层级官话”。be supposed to“应该”，根据句意可知，要表达的含义是“这个名字应该是代表”，因此D选项符合题意。14.考查名词辨析。A选项“寓言，无稽之谈”；B选项“模式，方式”；C选项“名字，姓名”；D选项“品牌”，句意：但是Filo和Yang坚持说他们挑选了这个（ ）因为他们认为自己就是Yahoo。根据上文可知Yahoo是他们网站的名字，因此C选项符合题意。15.考查动词辨析。A选项“支持”；B选项“居住，存在”；C选项“活着，居住”；D选项“相关联”，句意：雅虎首先（ ）的是杨的工作站。reside on“驻留于”，是原文要表达的含义，因此B选项符合题意。16.考查动词辨析。A选项“链接”；B选项“存放，保管”；C选项“介绍”；D选项“相关联”，句意：而搜索引擎（ ）在Filo的电脑里。这里是用了拟人的手法，表示搜索引擎暂时是在Filo的电脑里借住（运行），因此B选项符合题意。17.考查动词词组辨析。A选项“搬到”，此处over表示经过一段距离”；B选项“搬离”；C选项“搬进”，后面不用再加介词to；D选项“搬到下面”，句意：邀请Filo和Yang讲他们的文件（ ）更大的空间去。这里的“搬”是有距离的，并且是搬到某个地方，因此A选项符合题意。18.考查动词辨析。A选项“给房子住”；B选项“抓”；C选项“用水管淋浇”；D选项“藏”，句意：邀请Filo和Yang将他们的文件转移（ ）到网景公司更大的电脑上。这里也是用了拟人的手法，给这些文件住的地方（储存它们），因此A选项符合题意。19.考查形容词辨析。A选项“平均的”；B选项“正常的，正规的”；C选项“普通的”；D选项“平等的”，句意：之后，斯坦福的电脑（ ）。return to normal“恢复正常”，因此B选项符合题意。20.考查动词辨析。A选项“获得”；B选项“留住，扣押”；C选项“留住，阻止”；D选项“包含”，句意：Yahoo从互联网上的上万台计算机中（ ）信息。根据原文的信息，我们知道Yahoo是获取信息，而不是储存或是留住，因此A选项符合题意。5.单选题The government has devoted a larger slice of its national（ ）to agriculture than most other countries.问题1选项A.resourcesB.potentialC.budgetD.economy【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项resources“资源”；B选项potential“潜力”；C选项budget“预算”；D选项economy“经济”。句意：该国政府投入农业的财政（ ）比其他大多数国家都多。此处表达的意思是“财政预算比其他国家多”，因此C选项符合题意。6.单选题There is a general（ ）that pouring old wine into the same bottles is the wrong way to go.问题1选项A.consensusB.censusC.neglectedD.negligible【答案】A【解析】考查。A选项consensus“一致，舆论，合意”；B选项census“人口普查，人口调查”；C选项neglected“被忽视的，无人照管的”；D选项negligible“微不足道的，可以忽略的”。句意：人们_认为，把陈年的酒倒进同一个瓶子里是错误的做法。这里表达的意思是“人们都普遍（一致）认为”，因此A选项符合题意。7.写作题Directions: In this part, you are expected to write a composition entitled “Has Technology Made the World a Better Place to Live? “ in no less than 300 words Please write your composition readable and neatly on the Answer Sheet.【答案】略8.单选题Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is somewhere valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In todays youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.1.An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is（ ）.2.According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that（ ）.3.Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes（ ）.4.According to the passage parents and coaches should（ ）.5.The authors purpose in writing the passage is（ ）.问题1选项A.to reduce their mental stressB.to increase their sense of successC.to make sports less competitiveD.to make sports more challenging问题2选项A.it can help them learn more about societyB.it enables them to find flaws in themselvesC.it can provide them with valuable experiencesD.it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves问题3选项A.believing that criticism is beneficial for their early developmentB.without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidenceC.so as to make them remember lifes lessonsD.so as to put more pressure on them问题4选项A.pay more attention to letting children enjoy sportsB.help children to win every gameC.train children to cope with stressD.enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports问题5选项A.to teach young athletes how to avoid burnoutB.to persuade young children not to worry about criticismC.to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to childrenD.to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干信息定位到第一段的第三句话Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.（压力可以是身体上的、情感上的，也可以是心理上的。研究表明，压力会导致倦怠。）可以看出stress导致burnout，那么防止burnout的有效方法应该是减少stress，因此A选项“减轻他们的精神压力”正确。sports本身具有竞争性、挑战性，不在于多或少，问题是怎样看胜负，所以C选项“降低体育运动的竞争性”和D选项“使运动更具挑战性”两项应排除。B项“提高他们获得成功的意识”正是作者不赞成的。2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段第二句话The sport setting is somewhere valuable experiences can take place（体育活动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生都有用的人生经历。）因此C选项“它可以为他们提供宝贵的经历”正确。A选项“它可以帮助他们更多地了解社会”定位到第二段and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives（并获得将终生使用的其他社交技能），可以看出文章只说了可以学到社交技能，而不是更多的了解社会；B选项“它能让他们发现自己的缺点”定位到第二段Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.（年轻人可能会把父母和教练的批评放在心上，发现自己的缺点。）但是这个并不是题干所问的“运动的积极影响”；D选项“它教会他们如何为自己设定现实的目标”，这是文章中没有提及的。3.事实细节题。根据题干信息定位到第二段Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.（教练和父母应该时刻意识到，他们对青少年的反馈会极大地影响他们的孩子。年轻人可能会把父母和教练的批评放在心上，发现自己的缺点。）因此换句话说就是B选项“没有意识到批评可能会摧毁他们的自信”正确。A选项“相信批评对他们的早期发展是有益的”；C选项“让他们记住生活的教训”；D选项“为了给他们更多的压力”这三个都不是作者认为教练和家长平常所认为的。4.推理判断题。根据题干信息定位到第三段开头Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children.（教练和家长也应该小心，不要让青少年参与体育运动成为孩子们的工作。）意思是体育运动不是孩子的工作或任务，重在参与，比赛结果并不重要，更重要的是通过参与增加人生阅历。因此A选项“更加注重让孩子们享受运动”正确。B选项“帮助孩子赢得每一场比赛”；C选项“训练孩子学会处理压力”以及D选项“使孩子们了解运动的积极方面”这都是文章中没有提及的。5.主旨大意题。通过第一段Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout.（压力可以是身体上的、情感上的，也可以是心理上的。研究表明，压力会导致倦怠。）第二段的Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves.（教练和父母应该时刻意识到，他们对青少年的反馈会极大地影响他们的孩子。年轻人可能会把父母和教练的批评放在心上，发现自己的缺点。）以及第三段的Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.（研究表明，积极的强化比批评更能激励学习，对学习有更大的影响。再次强调，批评会造成高度的压力，从而导致倦怠。）可以看出来，作者写该文目的是告诉人们批评会给孩子造成各方面负担和压力，积极鼓励才会对孩子的成长有益，因此C选项“强调积极鼓励对孩子成长的重要性”正确。A选项“教导年轻运动员如何避免精疲力竭”不是文章重点；B选项“说服孩子不要担心批评”不符合作者的想法；以及D选项“讨论批评与鼓励相结合的技巧”这也不是作者所倡导的。9.写作题Directions: In this part, you are expected to write a composition entitled Studying Abroad or Home in no less than 200 words. Your composition should be based on the following outlines:1. 现在有越来越多的人想出国留学；2. 出国留学与在国内学习的对比；3. 你的观点。【答案】略10.单选题In the summer of 1978 an English farmer named Ian Stevens was driving his tractor through a field of wheat when he discovered something strange. Some of his wheat was lying flat on the ground. The flattened wheat formed a circle about six meters across. Around this circle were four smaller circles of flattened wheat. In the following years more and more similar circles were found in a field of wheat or corn. So people cannot help but ask the question: What causes the circles?At first, people suspected that the circles were a trick. To prove that the circles were a trick people tried to copy them: they tried to make circles exactly like the ones the farmers had found. They couldnt do it. They couldnt enter a field of grain without leaving tracks, and they couldnt flatten the grain without breaking it. The circles are apparently not a trick. Many people believe that beings from outer space are making the circles. Some think that the beings are trying to communicate with us from far away and that the circles are messages from them. Others believe that the beings have actually landed on earth and that the circles are mark left by their spaceships. Several times people reported seeing strange flying objects near field, where circles later appeared.Scientists say theyre not sure what causes them. They have suggested several theories. For example, some scientists say that “microbursts” of wind created the circles. A microburst is a downward rush of cool air the same downward rush of air that sometimes causes an airplane to crash. Others scientists say that forces within the earth cause the circles to appear. But circles often appear in forms. It is hard to believe that any natural force could create those forms. And recently farmers have disc