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专题二 完形填空考试大纲要求考纲解读在一篇约250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。既考查考生的英语基础知识，又考查考生综合运用语言的能力。主要测验学生的语言综合运用能力，包括词语辨析能力、语法结构分析能力、语篇理解能力、逻辑推理能力、文化背景透析能力、作者意图剖析能力和生活常识综合运用能力。该题型分值高、区分度强，是考生最容易“拉开距离”的一项测试。江苏高考完形填空近五年考查分布明细统计年份体裁选项设置词汇复现语境词义逻辑关系固定搭配2018记叙文315202017记叙文314212016夹叙夹议文414022015记叙文117202014记叙文21413从上表可以看出，江苏高考完形填空题设空以语境题和词汇题为主，注重在语境中考查词义及搭配。四个选项基本上属同一词类，相同语义范畴，选择时要求上下文通篇考虑。Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been _36_ to pay lawyers fees.To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a _37_ disease.There was no _38_，only pain relief.Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a _39_ journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers (徒步旅行者) guide.This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and _40_ recovery.When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just 320 in the bank.They planned to keep the _41_ low by living on boiled noodles，with the _42_ hamburger shop treat.Wild camping is _43_ in England.To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up _44_ and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot _45_ than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor _46_ all over and desired a bath.Moth, meanwhile, after an initial _47_ , found his symptoms were strangely _48_ by their daily tiring journey._49_， the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had _50_ forever.“Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes _51_ to a thread, but we were alive.”During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes, “_52_ had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) _53_ written book.It had also given me a _54_， either to leave that page _55_ or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Raynor Winn和她丈夫Moth因为投资失误变得无家可归。祸不单行，她丈夫被诊断出患有严重疾病，无法医治。他们决定靠着仅有的一些钱外出旅行。36.A.drawn up B.used upC.backed up D.kept up答案B根据首句中的homeless与下文第三段中的“had just 320 in the bank”可知他们的积蓄都用于支付律师费了，因此选择used up(用光)。draw up“拟订，起草”；back up“支持，支援”；keep up“跟上，保持”。37.A.mild B.commonC.preventable D.serious答案D根据下一句中的“only pain relief”可知，Moth被诊断出患了一种严重的疾病，因此选择serious。38.A.cure B.luckC.care D.promise答案A没有治疗方法(cure)，只能缓解疼痛。 39.A.business B.walkingC.bus D.rail答案B根据本句中的“an old hikers(徒步旅行者)guide”与下文的内容可知，他们决定进行一场徒步旅行，因此选择walking。40.A.expected B.frighteningC.disappointing D.surprising答案D从下文内容可知，这不但是一个艰苦的旅行，也是一个给他们带来惊喜的旅行，因此选择surprising。41.A.budget B.revenueC.compensation D.allowance答案A根据本段中的“had just 320 in the bank”和“by living on boiled noodles”可知，他们想方设法减少预算，因此选择budget。42.A.frequent B.occasionalC.abundant D.constant答案B以吃煮面条为主，偶尔也会去汉堡店里买点汉堡犒劳自己。occasional“偶尔的”，符合语境。43.A.unpopular B.lawfulC.attractive D.illegal答案D根据后一句中的“To avoid being caught”可知，在英国野营是不合法的，因此选择illegal。44.A.soon B.earlyC.late D.slowly答案C为了不被抓到，他们不得不晚睡早起，因此选择late。45.A.harder B.easierC.cheaper D.funnier答案A他们很快发现在50多岁进行徒步旅行比在20多岁进行徒步旅行困难多了。因此选择harder。46.A.rolled B.bledC.ached D.trembled答案C根据上文并结合常识可知，Raynor浑身疼痛并且想洗个澡。因此选择ached。47.A.struggle B.progressC.excitement D.research答案A经过最初与疾病的斗争(struggle)，Moth发现他的症状奇怪地减轻(reduced)了。48.A.developed B.controlledC.reduced D.increased答案C参见上题解析。49.A.Initially B.EventuallyC.Temporarily D.Consequently答案B最后，这对夫妇发现他们的身体好转。eventually“最后，终于”，符合语境。50.A.gained B.keptC.wounded D.lost答案D他们重新找回了原本认为已经永远失去的强有力的肌肉。根据re-found可知应选择lost。51.A.sewn B.washedC.worn D.ironed答案C根据语境和空前的“Our hair was fried and falling out，nails broken”可知，此处在描述他们旅途的艰辛。故选择worn表示衣服破了。52.A.Doctors B.HikingC.Lawyers D.Homelessness答案D根据上文可知，无家可归的境况(Homelessness)使他们失去了一切物质上的东西。53.A.well B.partlyC.neatly D.originally答案B根据上文中的“nature writer”和下文中的“leave that page _55_ or to keep writing the story”可知，此处表示这本书还未完成，即部分未完成的书。因此选择partly。54.A.choice B.rewardC.promise D.break答案A根据本句中的“either.or.”可知，选choice。55.A.loose B.full C.blank D.missing答案C根据本句中的“or to keep writing the story with hope”可知，选择blank。表示一种选择是留着空白页，意思是停止旅行，还有一种选择是继续满怀希望地写作，即继续旅行。For a long time Gabriel didnt want to be involved in music at all.In his first years of high school，Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students，_36_across the campus with their heavy instrument cases，_37_at school for practice hours_38_ anyone else had to be there.He swore to himself to_39_music，as he hated getting to school extra early._40_，one day，in the music class that was _41_ of his schools standard curriculum，he was playing idly (随意地)on the piano and found it _42_ to pick out tunes.With a sinking feeling，he realized that he actually _43_ doing it.He tried to hide his _44_ pleasure from the music teacher，who had _45_ over to listen.He might not have done this particularly well，_46_ the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good _47_ and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there _48_ him.There he decided to give the cello(大提琴)a _49_.When he began practicing，he took it very _50_.But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument，and was _51_ to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.This _52_，of course，that he arrived at school early in the morning，_53_ his heavy instrument case across the campus to the _54_ looks of the non-musicians he had left _55_.36.A.travelling B.marchingC.pacing D.struggling答案D根据“with their heavy instrument cases”可知，每天上学的时候，Gabriel总是同情地看着背着沉重乐器的同学们艰难地穿梭于校园中，struggle“努力，艰难地行进，斗争”，符合语境。37.A.rising up B.coming upC.driving up D.turning up答案D根据“_37_ at school for practice hours _38_ anyone else”可知，学习音乐的同学需要比不学音乐的早到学校几个小时，为了练习弹奏乐器。turn up“出现”，符合语境。38.A.before B.after C.until D.since答案A“anyone else”指不学音乐的学生，学习音乐的要比规定的到校时间早到几个小时，before anyone else had to be there比规定的到校时间早几个小时。这也是Gabriel不想学习音乐的原因之一。39.A.betray B.acceptC.avoid D.appreciate答案C根据“as he hated getting to school extra early”可知，Gabriel讨厌过早到校，因此他对自己发誓“不学”音乐，A背叛；B接受；C避免，避开；D欣赏。故选C。40.A.Therefore B.HoweverC.Thus D.Moreover答案B此处是说，Gabriel在一次音乐课上意外发现自己很喜欢音乐，此处所表达的含义与上一段是转折关系，故选B。41.A.part B.nature C.basis D.spirit答案Athat was _41_ of his schools standard curriculum是定语从句，音乐课是学校标准课程的一部分，言外之意就是说，每个学生都得上这个音乐课。42.A.complicated B.safeC.confusing D.easy答案D根据下句“actually.tried to hide.pleasure”等词或词组可以看出，Gabriel在音乐中找到了乐趣，并试图隐藏这份愉悦，由此可知，此处是说，他发现演奏音乐很容易。故选D。43.A.missed B.disliked C.enjoyed D.denied答案C根据actually可知，Gabriel对音乐的看法有了变化，他实际上是喜欢音乐的，故选C。44.A.transparent B.obviousC.false D.similar答案BGabriel不想让音乐老师看到自己表露出来的很明显的喜悦之情，transparent指(谎言、借口)易看穿的；obvious明显的，显然的；false假的；similar相似的。故选B。45.A.run B.joggedC.jumped D.wandered答案D音乐老师在教室里来回走动，听到Gabriel弹奏乐器的声音，就走过来聆听。run跑；jog慢跑；jump跳；wander徘徊，游荡。wander over漫步。46.A.because B.but C.though D.so答案B前句是说他弹得不是特别好，后句是说，老师告诉他他有良好的辨音能力，并且建议他去音乐商店选适合自己的乐器。前后句间为转折关系。47.A.ear B.taste C.heart D.voice答案A老师认为Gabriel有着很好辨音能力，并建议他去挑一件称心的乐器。ear辨音力，灵敏的听力；taste鉴赏力，欣赏力，指对作品的欣赏能力。由于Gabriel没有经过专业的训练，不能说他有很好的音乐鉴赏能力，taste不符合语境。48.A.occurred to B.took toC.appealed to D.held to答案Coccur to sb某人突然想起；take to开始喜欢；appeal to有吸引力，引起兴趣；hold to抓住。老师让Gabriel找一件自己喜欢的乐器。49.A.change B.chance C.mission D.function答案BGabriel准备试一下大提琴，给大提琴一次机会，即尝试演奏一下大提琴。change改变；chance机会；mission任务；function功能。故选B。50.A.seriously B.proudly C.casually D.naturally答案C根据But可知，前后是转折关系，下句说Gabriel发现自己很喜欢大提琴，说明前一句是说他只是随便拉一下。seriously认真地；proudly骄傲地；casually随便地；naturally自然地。故选C。51.A.committed B.usedC.limited D.admitted答案A根据“so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well”可知，花了几个月的时间练习之后，Gabriel的大提琴已经拉得非常好了。be committed to sth/doing sth致力于。be used to doing sth“习惯于做某事”；be limited to“被局限于”；be admitted to“被录取”。故选A。52.A.proved B.showed C.stressed D.meant答案D本段与第一段呼应。学习音乐意味着早到学校，要把沉重的乐器背来背去，meant在此意为“意味着”。53.A.pushing B.dragging C.lifting D.rushing答案B此处是说，Gabriel也得早到学校练习拉琴，也要拖着沉重的乐器。drag指吃力地拖、拉某物，符合语境。push推；lift举起；rush冲。54.A.admiring B.pitying C.annoying D.teasing答案B根据“non-musicians”可知，这里指不学音乐的学生那种同情的表情，根据第一段可得出答案，应该是pitying。55.A.over B.aside C.behind D.out答案Cleave aside搁置一边；leave sb/sth behind把抛在后面，超过；leave out遗漏，不提及。这里指Gabriel走过去之后，身后的学生对他投来同情的目光。Years ago，a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast.While we were _36_，Kurt asked me，“John，what is your _37_ for personal growth？”Never at a loss for words，I tried to find things in my life that might _38_for growth.I told him about the many activities in which I was _39_.And I went into a _40_ about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.I must have talked for ten minutes.Kurt _41_ patiently，but then he _42_ smiled and said，“You dont have a personal plan for growth，do you？”“No”，I _43_.“You know，” Kurt said simply，“growth is not a(n) _44_ process.”And thats when it _45_ me.I wasnt doing anything _46_ to make myself better.And at that moment，I made the _47_：I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my _48_.That night，I talked to my wife about my _49_ with Kurt and what I had learned.I _50_ her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling.We _51_ that Kurt wasnt just trying to make a sale.He was offering a _52_ for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.Several important things happened that day.First，we decided to _53_ the resources.But more importantly，we made a commitment to _54_ together as a couple.From that day on，we learned together，traveled together，and sacrificed together.It was a _55_ decision.While too many couples grow apart，we were growing together.36.A.working B.preparing C.thinking D.eating答案D根据“for breakfast”，可知我在吃早饭的时候遇见了Kurt。故D项符合语境。37.A.suggestion B.demandC.plan D.request答案C根据42空后“You dont have a personal plan for growth，do you？”(对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？)可知Kurt在问我个人成长计划是什么。故C项正确。38.A.appeal B.look C.call D.qualify答案Dappeal呼吁，吸引(通常与to连用)；look for寻找；call for需要；qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。故D项正确。39.A.involved B.trapped C.lost D.bathed答案A本句是定语从句，介词in提前到关系代词which之前。be involved in参与；卷入；be trapped in被困在中；be lost in沉浸于；be bathed in被笼罩；我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A项正确。40.A.lecture B.speech C.discussion D.debate答案B我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大成就的演讲。lecture讲座；speech演讲；discussion讨论；debate辩论。故B项正确。41.A.calculated B.listenedC.drank D.explained答案B我讲了十分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt一直耐心地听我讲。故B项正确。42.A.eagerly B.gradually C.gratefully D.finally答案DKurt耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：“对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”eagerly热切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后。故D项正确。43.A.admitted B.interruptedC.apologized D.complained答案A“You dont have a personal plan for growth，do you？”是一个否定的反意疑问句，在回答的时候“No”翻译为“是的”。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。44.A.automatic B.slowC.independent D.changing答案Aautomatic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的；Kurt告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。故选A项。45.A.confused B.informed C.pleased D.hit答案DKurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。hit sb“某人突然想起”。故D项正确。46.A.on loan B.on purposeC.on sale D.on balance答案Bon loan暂借；on purpose故意地；on sale降价出售；on balance总的来说。他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意识地做一些让自己变得更好的事情。故B项正确。47.A.comment B.announcementC.decision D.arrangement答案Ccomment评论；announcement通告；decision决定；arrangement安排。此处是说，我做出了一个决定：要为我的生活做一个个人的成长计划。故C项正确。48.A.life B.progressC.performance D.investment答案Alife生活；progress进步；performance表演；investment投资。由上下文可知A项正确。49.A.contract B.conversationC.negotiation D.argument答案Bcontract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论。此处是说，我把我和Kurt的谈话告诉了妻子。故B项正确。50.A.lent B.sold C.showed D.offered答案C我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的书和磁带。故C项正确。51.A.recalled B.defined C.recognized D.declared答案C我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。52.A.tool B.method C.way D.rule答案CKurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故C项正确。53.A.provide B.buy C.give D.deliver答案B此处是说，我们决定购买他的书和磁带等资源。故B项正确。54.A.grow B.survive C.move D.gather答案A根据上文可知Kurt和我谈论的是个人成长的话题。我和妻子在他的影响下承诺共同成长，一起进步。故A项正确。55.A.difficult B.random C.firm D.wise答案D由While too many couples grow apart，we were growing together.可知我和妻子一起成长。说明他的资源对我们有很大的帮助，我们做出的是一个明智的决定。故D项正确。解题技巧完形填空答题时必须遵循“整体部分整体”的步骤，要先完其意后完其形。注重整合、注重上下文信息关联，做到瞻前顾后。1.跳读首尾句，判断文体，预测主题一般说来，完形填空题的首尾句是不设空的，先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。如果一开始就讲明了when，where，who，what，即四个w，那么就是记叙文。若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。2.通读全文，掌握主旨大意边读边填独立题(包括词类搭配、近义词辨析、语法类)和前提试题，了解全文，把握大意。积极思维，根据初步结论、按照不同文体的写作特点，找准信息词，存储上文信息，以帮助解决下文空格。要注意词与词、句与句之间的各种连接和修饰关系，留心词汇的习惯搭配，尤其是所选择的词在具体语境中的确切含义。3.寻求搭配，通顺逻辑固定搭配是完形填空的常考题，如动词与介词的搭配，动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，因此选择必须根据具体的上下文作出合理的判断。4.根据词汇意义及用法辨析词义、确定答案完形填空题虽然淡化对语法的考查，但对语言点的考查依然存在，主要体现在词汇搭配和意义辨析两个方面。弄清它们之间的细微差异有助于提高答题的正确率。如separate/divide，cheap/cheaply，wide/widely，still/quiet/calm/silent等。要做好这种题目，必须尽量将词语辨析与情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。 5.结合生活常识及文化背景知识进行逻辑推理完形填空往往为自身的内容提供完整的语言信息，其间交织渗透各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识，考查学生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。解决这类题目，考生不仅要有广博的知识，还要能驾驭全文，弄清文章的深层意义。当对语言的把握不是很准确时，可充分利用社会文化知识和生活常识来帮助判断。6.查漏补缺，反复推敲，调整答案复读时，要根据文章的中心去判断所选答案是否符合逻辑，是否服务于文章的主题，有无语法或搭配错误。审读过程中，如果遇到不畅之处，必有一点，应从词义和逻辑两方面权衡优劣，从而纠正错误，弥补疏漏。对于仍拿不准的个别选项，应坚持自己的第一感觉。13
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