2022年考博英语-湖北省联考考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）第24期

2022年考博英语-湖北省联考考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 翻译题众所周知，爱是幸福生活的关键所在。爱帮助我们在时事艰难的时候保持沉着、平静的心态，它能帮我们度过苦难的时光。爱是享受生命中的诸多惊喜，是完全满足于生活的给予。爱是幸福生活的钥匙，爱是对他人真挚的祝福。心中有爱的人让世界充满仁慈和儒雅之风，让周围的人感到安全。他们求同存异，不把分歧当作歧视或争端的理由。【答案】【参考译文】As we all know, love is the crux of a happy life. Love helps us stay calm and serene even when things are tough. It can carry us through the hard times. Love is enjoying the surprises of life, and being totally delighted with what life gives you. Love is the key to happiness and it is a real blessing to others. People who love make the world a kind and gentle place and other people feel safe around them. They appreciate differences instead of making them a cause for prejudice or fighting.2. 单选题When the engine did not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at （ ）.问题1选项A.wrongB.troubleC.faultD.difficulty【答案】C【解析】at fault为固定搭配，意为“出毛病, 有故障”。句意：当发动机不启动时，机修工检查了所有的部件以找出故障所在。选项C符合句意。3. 单选题She has but a faint （ ）of dialectical materialism.问题1选项A.sacrificeB.reactionC.notionD.clue【答案】C【解析】sacrifice牺牲；reaction反应；notion概念；clue线索。句意:她对辩证唯物主义只有一个模糊的概念。选项C符合语境。4. 单选题The public is very （ ）about the governors plans for a tax cut.问题1选项A.susceptibleB.dubiousC.vulnerableD.deliberate【答案】B【解析】susceptible易受影响的；dubious可疑的, 半信半疑的；vulnerable易受攻击的；deliberate深思熟虑的。句意:公众对州长的减税计划十分怀疑。选项B符合句意。5. 单选题They（ ） their hunting skills for the life of settled farmers.问题1选项A.forsookB.forgedC.sacrificedD.reserved【答案】A【解析】句意:为了过着稳定的农民生活, 他们放弃了狩猎技能。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题The bandits demanded that one of the travelers should stay with them as a （ ）.问题1选项A.humanitarianB.hornC.hostD.hostage【答案】D【解析】humanitarian人道主义者, 慈善家；horn触角, 号角；host主持人；hostage人质, 抵押品。句意:歹徒要求其中一名旅客作为人质待在他们身边。选项D符合句意。7. 单选题The plan to allow the reading public to rent e-books, much as they rent movies,has proved so much more contentious than its pioneer,the former Waterstones managing director Tim Coates, had hoped.That publishers are very cautious of the idea of his new Bilbary e-rental venture, which launched this week, is perhaps not entirely surprising: although the e-rentals automatically delete themselves when the borrowing time expires,they fear the scheme might harm sales.Less controversial, however, is Mr Coates generous pledge to donate a good chunk of Bilbarys profits to campaigns to keep open libraries threatened by government budget cuts. Hundreds of the nations 4, 000 public libraries are at risk; and campaigners attempts to persuade courts and councils to keep them open are largely failing.Closing libraries is inevitable,the argument goes, in an era when two out of three British homes have a computer. But that is far from the whole story. While 200 million books are sold every year, more than 310 million are borrowed. The one-in-three homes without a computer are those of the nations poorer children, many of whom live without even a table at which they can do their homework. It is with only the mildest exaggeration that Alan Bennett, the playwright and campaigner, describes the closure of libraries as an act of “child abuse”.To some, the word “library” conjures only negative associations, an irrelevant anachronism in an increasingly digital world. But a good library is far more than just a place to store books. It is a gateway to knowledge, a place well able to adapt to the computer age and in doing so support the curiosity, study and research of new generations.There are,of course,some libraries that are unfit for purpose. But those that use digital technologies as an aide,rather than treat them as a threat, more than hold true to their core purpose. And those that have made the leap are seeing visitor numbers rise,not fall. Britains libraries do not need closing but they may need changing. We can only hope that Mr. Coates support can help many of them to do so.1.The argument about the closing of libraries stems from（ ）.2.The word “anachronism” in Para. 5 might mean（ ）.3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?4.The authors attitude toward closing libraries can be described as（ ）.问题1选项A.the fall of sale of booksB.the advent of digital technologiesC.the government budget cutD.the world economic recession问题2选项A.chronological errorB.phonological errorC.etymological errorD.historical error问题3选项A.Some people believe that libraries are out of date in digital age.B.In the UK,one out of three homes dont have computers.C.It is inevitable that digital libraries will replace the existing libraries.D.Some libraries need introducing digital technologies as an aid.问题4选项A.positiveB.negativeC.indifferentD.neutral【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D【解析】1.根据第三段第一句“Mr Coates generous pledge to donate a good chunk of Bilbarys profits to campaigns to keep open libraries threatened by government budget cuts.”科茨先生慷慨承诺将Bilbary的大部分利润捐赠给那些开放受到政府预算削减威胁的图书馆。由此可知, 关于关闭图书馆的争论源于政府的预算削减, 选项C符合原文。2.根据原文句意:对一些人来说, “图书馆”这个词只会让人联想到负面的联想, 在这个日益数字化的世界里, 这是一个无关紧要的时代错误。根据“an increasingly digital world”可以推测, 时代在变化, 所以这里指的是时代错误, 选项A正确。3.原文最后一段倒数第二句“Britains libraries do not need closing but they may need changing.”英国的图书馆不需要关闭, 但是可能需要改变。所以, 选项C说法错误。4.作者在最后一段提到, 英国的图书馆不需要关闭, 但是可能需要改变。这体现了作者的中立态度。所以选项D正确。8. 单选题A common myth about eating disorders is that they influence primarily economically advantaged white teenage girls. However, in（21）, as summarized in the Nine Truths, “Eating disorders （22） people of all genders, ages, races, ethnicities, body shapes and weights, sexual orientations, and socioeconomic statuses.”One of the （23） with the myth is that it can prevent those who do not match the stereotype from （24） they have an eating disorder. It also discourages professionals （25） noticing other cases of eating disorders. A study in 2006 found that doctors or nurses were less likely to （26） an eating disorder diagnosis to a person （27） his/her case history if his/her race was （28） as African American than if it was portrayed as Caucasian or Hispanic Whites.Indeed, many eating disorder （29） from diverse backgrounds have now （30） and said that their failure to fit the stereotype caused delays in diagnosis and （31）. As we know, early intervention significantly （32） treatment outcome, so such delays may lead to serious （33）.When I work with people of diverse backgrounds, they （34） tell me they are frustrated that mainstream eating disorder narratives do not portray people who （35） them. Not only the popular media, but even the marketing materials of many eating disorder treatment centers （36） to describe eating disorder sufferers mostly as the common stereotype: female, white, and thin.People of （37） backgrounds find it helpful to see themselves （38） in stories and images about eating disorders. They may be more likely to （39） their own problem and seek help when they feel included. （40）, I thought it would be useful to share some of my favorite eating disorder resources by bout, and for people of diverse backgrounds.问题1选项A.realityB.partC.particularD.turn问题2选项A.effectB.affectC.defectD.perfect问题3选项A.projectsB.problemsC.proposalsD.programs问题4选项A.emphasizingB.confirmingC.recognizingD.persuading问题5选项A.ofB.forC.intoD.from问题6选项A.assignB.attributeC.adjustD.attach问题7选项A.to be based onB.basing onC.based onD.base on问题8选项A.initiatedB.illustratedC.appointedD.portrayed问题9选项A.designersB.researchersC.operatorsD.sufferers问题10选项A.come outB.come onC.come acrossD.come over问题11选项A.performanceB.treatmentC.maturityD.protection问题12选项A.deniesB.challengesC.improvesD.interrupts问题13选项A.consequencesB.resolutionsC.bargainsD.puzzle问题14选项A.crazilyB.consistentlyC.confidentiallyD.cruelly问题15选项A.assembleB.innovateC.resembleD.trigger问题16选项A.continueB.refuseC.ceaseD.pretend问题17选项A.historicalB.conventionalC.normalD.diverse问题18选项A.excludedB.reflectedC.conveyedD.realized问题19选项A.underestimateB.surveyC.overlookD.recognize问题20选项A.HoweverB.FurthermoreC.OtherwiseD.Therefore【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:D第6题:A第7题:B第8题:D第9题:D第10题:A第11题:B第12题:C第13题:A第14题:B第15题:C第16题:A第17题:D第18题:B第19题:D第20题:D【解析】21.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查固定搭配。A选项in reality“事实上”；B选项in part“某种程度上，局部地”；C选项in particular“特殊的”；D选项in turn“轮流，依次”。根据缺空处前一句A common myth about eating disorders is that they influence primarily economically advantaged white teenage girls.（曾经一个普遍的说法是饮食失调主要影响那些有得天独厚优势的白人青少年女性。），然后本句开头使用了however，可见前后句子存在转折关系，因此A选项符合题意。22.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项effect“产生，达到目的”；B选项affect“影响，感染”；C选项defect“变节，叛变”；D选项perfect“使完美，使熟练”。根据第一句话句意和关系词however可知，前后句子存在转折的关系。此句意思是，事实上，饮食失调对所有人都有影响。因此，空格处填入的动词为影响，本题的正确答案为B选项。23.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项project“项目，工程”；B选项problem“问题，难题”；C选项proposal“建议，求婚”；D选项program“程序，规划”。本句句意：One of the _ with the myth is that it can prevent those who do not match the stereotype from _ they have an eating disorder.（这个错误的看法的_之一就是它使那些症状不典型的人没有_到自己得了饮食失调症。）根据下文提到的这一错误的看法使那些症状不典型的人没有意识到自己得了饮食失调症，也使专家不再关注其他饮食失调案例，这都是这种错误的看法所带来的问题，因此本题选B选项符合题意。24.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项emphasize“强调”；B选项confirm“（尤指提供证据来）证实，证明”；C选项recognize“认识，察觉”；D选项persuade“劝说”。根据后一句“It also.”这一错误的看法也使专家不再关注其他饮食失调案例，可知本句在描述这种错误的看法使得症状不典型的人没有意识到自己得了饮食失调症，只有C选项符合句意；B选项尤其指有证据从而确认，证实，不符合题意。综上所述，本题正确答案为C选项。25.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查固定搭配。discourage意为“阻止”，牛津词典上对于该词的用法是discourage sth /discourage sb from doing sth，例如：His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.（他的父母试图阻止他去当演员。），因此本题选D选项“from”符合用法。句意：它也使专家不再关注其他饮食失调案例。综上所述，本题正确答案为D选项。26.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查介词搭配和动词辨析。A选项assign.to.“分派，指派，赋值”；B选项attribute.to.“归因于”；C选项adjust.to.“调整以适应”；D选项attach.to.“依附于，使依恋”。定位到本句A study in 2006 found that doctors or nurses were less likely to _ an eating disorder diagnosis to a person_ his/her case history.（2006年的一份研究表明医生或护士不太可能基于一个人的病理就_这个人饮食失调的诊断。），此处只有A选项带入空格处可以使句意通顺，故本题正确答案为A选项。27.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查非谓语动词。第26空填入的动词为句子的谓语，因此本句不缺谓语动词，第27题空格处应填入非谓语动词。这个时候要考虑选项中的动词base和主语的关系应该是主动，因此本题的正确答案为B选项。28.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项initiate“开始，发起”；B选项illustrate“（用示例，图画等）阐明，举例说明”；C选项appoint“任命，指定”；D选项portray“（抓住显著特点）描绘，扮演”。定位到本句A study in 2006 found that doctors or nurses were less likely to assign an eating disorder diagnosis to a person basing on his/her case history if his/her race was_ as African American than if it was portrayed as Caucasian or Hispanic Whites.（如果他的种族被_为非裔美国人，会比被描述为白种人或者西班牙裔白人更加不可能被医生或者护士基于一个人的病理就给予这个人饮食失调的诊断。），根据后面的“portray”，结合选项意思可知，本题选择D选项符合题意。29.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项designer“设计者，设计师”；B选项researcher“研究人员”；C选项operator“经营者，操作者”；D选项sufferer“患者”。空格前的名词为eating disorder（饮食失调），定位到本句Indeed, many eating disorder _ from diverse backgrounds have now_ and said that their failure to fit the stereotype caused delays in diagnosis and _.（事实上，许多来自不同背景的饮食失调症_现在都有这种症状，他们_，由于无法符合这种刻板印象，导致了诊断和_的延误。），只有患者才会有一定的症状并且需要治疗，因此，本题的正确答案为D选项。30.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查词组辨析。A选项come out“出现，表明态度，公开表态”；B选项come on“开始，快点，加油，突然产生”；C选项come across“偶遇，无意中发现，给人以印象”；D选项come over“过来，顺便来访，抓住”。定位到本句Indeed, many eating disorder sufferers from diverse backgrounds have now_ and said that their failure to fit the stereotype caused delays in diagnosis and _.（事实上，许多来自不同背景的饮食失调症的患者现在都有这种症状，他们_，由于无法符合这种刻板印象，导致了诊断和_的延误。）第30空填入的词组应该为患者表明态度和观点，只有A选项符合题意，其他选项意思带入句子均不通顺。综上所述，本题正确答案为A选项。31.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项performance“表演，表现”；B选项treatment“治疗”；C选项maturity“成熟，完备”；D选项protection“保护”。此处填入的名词应该和diagnosis “诊断”并列，因此此处填入B选项符合题意。32.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项denies“否认，拒绝”；B选项challenges“挑战”；C选项improves“促进”；D选项interrupts“中断”。定位到本句As we know, early intervention significantly_ treatment outcome.（众所周知，早期的干预能显著治疗效果。），由常识和文章上下文可判断，早期干预对于疾病的治疗是有益的，此处填写正向单词，故C选项符合题意。33.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项consequence“后果，影响”；B选项resolution“决议，解决办法，决心”；C选项bargain“交易”；D选项puzzle“难题，困惑 ”。定位到本句As we know, early intervention significantly improves treatment outcome, so such delays may lead to serious_.（众所周知，早期的干预能显著提升治疗效果，所以这样的延迟也许会导致严重的_。）由上文可知“这样的延迟”指的是“诊断和治疗的延迟”，这种延迟会产生一定的后果，故本题A选项符合题意。34.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查副词辨析。A选项crazily“疯狂地，发狂地”；B选项consistently“一贯地，一致，坚定地”；C选项confidentially“秘密地”；D选项cruelly“残酷地”。定位到本句When I work with people of diverse backgrounds, they_ tell me they are frustrated that mainstream eating disorder narratives do not portray people who _them.（当我和有不同背景的人共事时，他们_告诉我他们觉得沮丧是由于），此处填入的副词修饰动词“tell”，句意为他们对于这种主流说法都感到沮丧，有“一致”的看法，此处只有B选项符合句意。35.【试题答案】C【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项assemble“集合，聚集”；B选项innovate“改革，创新”；C选项resemble“类似，像”；D选项trigger“引发，触发”。定位到本句they are frustrated that mainstream eating disorder narratives do not portray people who _ them（他们感到沮丧是由于关于饮食失调的主流说法将他们描述得不_他们。），有上文可知主流说法是一种刻板印象，即患有饮食失调的患者多为白人青少年女性，而这种描述是和他们本身不符合的，因此C选项为最佳答案。句意：他们感到沮丧是由于关于饮食失调的主流说法将他们描绘得不像他们了。综上所述，本题正确答案为C选项。36.【试题答案】A【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项continue“继续”；B选项refuse“拒绝”；C选项cease “停止”；D选项pretend “假装”。定位到本句Not only the popular media, but even the marketing materials of many eating disorder treatment centers _ to describe eating disorder sufferers mostly as the common stereotype: female, white, and thin.（不仅是大众媒体，甚至那些很多饮食失调治疗中心的市场营销都_将饮食失调患者描述为刻板印象：女士，白人，瘦。），根据上文意思，可知此处A项符合句意。37.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项historical“历史的，基于史学的”；B选项conventional “传统的，常见的”；C选项normal“正常的，常规的”；D选项diverse“不同的，多种多样的”。文章前三段数次提及diverse background，由此可知D选项正确。38.【试题答案】B【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项exclude“排除”；B选项reflect“反射，体现”；C选项convey“传达”；D选项realize“实现”。定位到本句People of diverse backgrounds find it helpful to see themselves_ in stories and images about eating disorders（有不同背景的人们认为当看到自己在关于饮食失调的故事或者影像当中的_出来是有帮助的。）此处只有B选项符合句意。39.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项underestimate“低估，看轻”；B选项survey“调查，测量”；C选项overlook“俯视，远眺”；D选项recognize“认识，承认”。定位到本句They may be more likely to_ their own problem and seek help when they feel included.（当他们感觉被包含在内时，他们也许更可能他们自己的问题并且寻求帮助。），根据上文可知，如果主流说法不是说患有饮食失调的患者多为女性，白人，瘦弱的话，他们会更可能发现自己的症状符合饮食失调这一疾病，并且寻求帮助，因此本题D选项“认识自己的问题”，符合题意。40.【试题答案】D【试题解析】考查副词，连词辨析。A选项However“然而；不论如何”；B选项Furthermore“此外，而且”；C选项Otherwise“否则”；D选项Therefore“因此，所以”。定位到本句 _, I thought it would be useful to share some of my favorite eating disorder resources by bout, and for people of diverse backgrounds.（我认为对于不同背景的人来说，分享一些我最爱的关于饮食失调的资源是有好处的。）根据第39题句意推测，空格处表承接关系，除了要摆脱刻板印象，分享资源也是有好处的，因此本题选B选项符合题意。9. 单选题However important we may regard school life to be, there is no gainsaying the fact that children spend more time at home than in the classroom. Therefore the great influence of parents cannot be ignored or discounted by the teacher. They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously hinder and thwart curricular objectives.Administrators have been aware of the need to keep parents informed of the newer methods used in schools. Many principals have conducted workshops explaining such matters as the reading readiness program, manuscript writing, and developmental mathematics.Moreover, the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents. The many interviews carried on during the years as well as new ways of reporting pupils progress, can significantly aid in achieving a harmonious interplay between school and home.To illustrate, suppose that a father has been drilling Junior in arithmetic processes night after night. In a friendly interview, the teacher can help the parent sublimate his natural paternal interest into productive channels. He might be persuaded to let Junior participate in discussing the family budget, buying the food, using a yardstick or measuring cup at home, setting the clock, calculating mileage on a trip, and engaging in scores of other activities that have a mathematical basis.If the father follows the advice, it is reasonable to assume that he will soon realize his son is making satisfactory progress in mathematics and, at the same time, enjoying the work.Too often, however, teachers conferences with parents are devoted to petty accounts of childrens misdemeanors, complaints about laziness and poor work habits, and suggestions for penalties and rewards at home.What is needed is more creative approach in which the teacher, as a professional adviser, plants ideas in parents minds for the best utilization of the many hours that the child spends out of the classroom.In this way, the school and the home join forces in fostering the fullest development of youngsters capacities.1.The central idea conveyed in the passage is that （ ）.2.The author directly discusses the fact that（ ）.3.It can reasonably be inferred that the author（ ）.4.The author implies that（ ）.5.The authors primary purpose in writing this passage is to（ ） .问题1选项A.home training is more important than school training because a child spends so many hours with his parentsB.teachers can and should help parents to understand and further the objectives of the schoolC.parents unwittingly have hindered and thwarted curricular objectivesD.there are many ways in which the mathematics program can be implemented at home问题2选项A.parents drill their children too much in arithmeticB.principals have explained the new art programs to parentsC.a father can have his son help him construct articles at homeD.a parents misguided efforts can be redirected to proper channels问题3选项A.believes that schools are lacking in guidance personnelB.believes present relationships between home and school are satisfyingC.feels that the traditional program in mathematics is slightly superior to the developmental programD.feels that parent teacher interviews can be made much more constructive than they are at present .问题4选项A.participation in interesting activities relating to a school subject improves ones achievement in that areaB.school principals do more than their share in interpreting the curriculum to the parentsC.only a small part of the school day should be set apart for drilling in arithmeticD.too many children are lazy and have poor work habits问题5选项A.tell parents to pay more attention to the guidance of teachers in the matter of educational activities in the homeB.help ensure that every childs capacities can fully develop when he leaves schoolC.urge teachers and school administrators to make use of a much underused resource of the parentsD.improve the teaching approach in mathematics in and outside the classroom【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】第1题:1.结合全文内容可知，第一段提出父母对孩子的影响是不容忽视的，接下来的内容主要是讨论如何帮助家长理解并且推进学校目标的关键教师。所以选项B更能概括全文。2.根据第三段第一句“the classroom teacher, with the permission of the supervisors, can also play an important role in enlightening parents.”课堂老师在得到上级允许的情况下，也可以起到启发家长的重要作用。第三段列举了具体的例子，所以选项D符合原文。3.根据倒数第二段的内容，作为一名专业顾问，教师最需要的是一种创造性的方法和家长沟通，以便他们知道如何有效的利用孩子们的课外时间。由此可知，作者认为教师和家长之间的沟通可以更进一步，更具有建设性意义。选项D符合原文。4.根据第四五段的内容可知，作者暗示 参加与学校课程有关的有趣活动可以提高一个人在该领域的成就。选项A符合原文。5.根据原文内容可知，本文强调父母的巨大影响不能被老师忽视或轻视，学校要和家庭联合起来，合力促进青少年能力的全面发展。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是为了敦促教师和学校管理者利用家长这个未得到充分利用的资源。选项C正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:10. 单选题The woods at this season are（ ）with delicate scents.问题1选项A.fragrantB.smallC.barrenD.bright【答案】A【解析】句意：这个季节的树林散发着清香。fragrant芳香的，选项A符合语境。11. 单选题The new secretary has written a remarkably