2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第190期

2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题Vacations are more necessary now than before because today the average life is less well-rounded and has become increasingly compartmentalized. I suppose the idea of vacations, as we conceive it, must be incomprehensible to primitive peoples. Rest of some kind has of course always been a part of the rhythm of human life, but earlier ages did not find it necessary to organize it in the way that modern man has done. Holidays and feast days were sufficient.With modern mans increasing tensions, with the stultifying quality of so much of his work, this break in the years routine became steadily more necessary. Vacations became mandatory for the purpose of renewal and repair. And so it came about that in the United States, the most self-indulgent of nations, the most tense and compartmentalized, vacations have come to take a predominant place in domestic conversation.【答案】现在度假比以前更有必要，因为现在一般人的生活不再像以前那样丰富多彩，而且变得越来越单调。我想原始人肯定不理解我们现在所想的休假。当然，某种方式的休息一直是人类生活节奏的一部分，但社会早期并不认为有必要像现代人那样安排休假。节日足以满足人们的需要。随着现代人的情绪日益紧张，加之工作要求高，强度大，所以在一年的日常工作中进行休假变得越来越有必要。休假成为调节和修整心态的必要手段。因此，在美国这个最紧张单调的国家里，度假已经成为家庭闲谈的主要话题。2. 单选题Behind the A aluminums versatility B lies properties so diverse that C they almost seem to belong to several different D metals.问题1选项A.aluminumsB.liesC.theyD.metals【答案】B【解析】【答案】B【考查点】主谓一致。【解题思路】该句是介词短语做状语置于句首引起句子倒装。主语为properties，谓语动词要用复数，因此，应将B选项改为lie。【句意】在铝的多功能性背后，是各种各样的特性，它们几乎像是属于几种不同的金属。3. 单选题Minerva was the goddess of wisdom, but on one occasion she did a very foolish thing; she entered into competition with Juno and Venus for the prize of beauty. It happened thus: At the nuptials of Peleus and Thetis all the gods were invited with the exception of Eris, or Discord. Enraged at her exclusion, the goddess threw a golden apple among the guests, with the inscription, For the fairest” Thereupon Juno, Venus, and Minerva each claimed the apple. Jupiter, not willing to decide in so delicate a matter, sent the goddesses to Mount Ida, where the beautiful shepherd Paris was tending his flocks, and to him was committed the decision. The goddesses accordingly appeared before him. Juno promised him power and riches Minerva glory and renown in war, and Venus the fairest of women for his wife, each attempting to bias his decision in her own favor. Paris decided in favor of Venus and gave her the golden apple, thus making the two other goddesses his enemies. Under the protection of Venus, Paris sailed to Greece, and was hospitably received by Menelaus, king of Sparta. Now Helen, the wife of Menelaus, was the very woman whom Venus had destined for Paris, the fairest of her sex. She had been sought as a bride by numerous suitors, and before her decision was made known, they all, at the suggestion of Ulysses, one of their number, took an oath that they would defend her from all injury and avenge her cause if necessary. She chose Menelaus, and was living with him happily when Paris became their guest. Paris, aided by Venus, persuaded her to elope with him, and carried her to Troy, whence arose the famous Trojan War, the theme of the greatest poems of antiquity, those of Homer and Virgil.Menelaus called upon his brother chieftains of Greece to fulfill their pledge, and join him in his efforts to recover his wife. They generally came forward, but Ulysses, who had married Penelope, and was very happy in his wife and child, had no disposition to embark in such a troublesome affair. He therefore hung back and Palamedes was sent to urge him. When Palamedes arrived at Ithaca, Ulysses pretended to be mad. He yoked an ass and an ox together to the plough and began to sow salt. Palamedes, to try him, placed the infant Telemachus before the plough, whereupon the father turned the plough aside, showing plainly that he was no madman, and after that could no longer refuse to fulfill his promise. Being now himself gained from the undertaking, he lent his aid to bring in other reluctant chief, especially Achilles. This hero was the son of that Thetis at whose marriage the apple of Discord had been thrown among the goddesses. Thetis was herself one of the immortals, a sea-nymph, and knowing that her son was fated to perish before Troy if he went on the expedition, she endeavored to prevent his going. She sent him away to the court of King Lycomedes, and induced him to conceal himself in the disguise of a maiden among the daughters of the king. Ulysses, hearing he was there, went disguised as a merchant to the palace and offered for sale female ornaments, among which he had placed some arms. While the kings daughters were engrossed with the other contents of the merchants pack, Achilles handled the weapons and thereby betrayed himself to the keen eye of Ulysses, who found no great difficulty in persuading him to disregard his mothers prudent counsels and join his countrymen in the war.1. Bulfinch describes Jupiter as unwilling to “decide in so delicate a matter” implying that _.2. The underlined word “disposition” in the second paragraph is used to mean _.3. The sowing of salt is used by Bulfinch to show _.4. Why does Ulysses display arms among the ornaments?5. A reasonable title for this narrative might be _.问题1选项A.Jupiter is usually heavy-handedB.any decision is bound to offend someoneC.Jupiter is overly sensitiveD.the problems are so obscure that no one can judge them问题2选项A.inclinationB.natureC.integrityD.habitation问题3选项A.Ulyssess attempt to be found insaneB.the difficulty of cultivating in rocky soilC.how the tears of the gods created the seaD.the gods punishment of those who disobey them问题4选项A.As a declaration of war.B.To mislead the daughters of the king.C.To test Achilles into revealing himself.D.Because he wants to start an alteration.问题5选项A.“Disputes and Deceit”B.“The Apple of Discord Leads to War”C.“Achilles and Ulysses”D.“The Pettiness of the Gods”【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.【选项释义】1. Bulfinch describes Jupiter as unwilling to “decide in so delicate a matter” implying that _. 1. 布尔芬奇形容丘比特不愿意“在如此微妙的事情上做出决定”，暗示_。A. Jupiter is usually heavy-handed A. 丘比特通常很笨拙B. any decision is bound to offend someone B. 任何决定都必然会冒犯某人C. Jupiter is overly sensitive C. 丘比特过于敏感D. the problems are so obscure that no one can judge them D. 这些问题如此晦涩，没人能判断【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段第四句“丘比特不愿对这样微妙的问题做出决定，便派众女神到艾达山上，正在那里放羊的美丽的牧羊人帕里斯被委以重任”可知，丘比特让帕里斯决定哪一位女神能够得到金苹果，也就是说丘比特认为这个问题不好判断，任何决定都会冒犯其中两个。所以提到“在如此微妙的事情上做出决定”是暗示B项“任何决定都必然会冒犯某人”。【干扰项排除】A项“丘比特通常很笨拙”，从丘比特把这个问题抛给帕里斯来看，丘比特并不愚笨，该项属于反向干扰；C项“丘比特过于敏感”没有体现，属于无中生有；D项“这些问题如此晦涩，没人能判断”由解题思路可知，该项属于曲解原文。2.【选项释义】2. The underlined word “disposition” in the second paragraph is used to mean _. 2. 第二段中下划线的“disposition”指的是_。A. inclination A. 倾向，意愿B. nature B. 自然C. integrity C. 诚实正直D. habitation D. 居住【答案】A【考查点】词义推测题。【解题思路】根据关键词disposition定位至第二段第二句“他们通常会主动站出来，但是尤里西斯，他已经娶了佩妮洛普，有了妻子和孩子，他很幸福，没有disposition从事这样一件麻烦的事情”，从中可知，尤里西斯已经有了一个幸福的家庭，所以推断，当墨涅拉俄斯让他们履行诺言去参战找回海伦时，尤里西斯是不愿意的。所以disposition指的是“意愿”，故该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B项“自然”、C项“诚实正直”和D项“居住”根据解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。3.【选项释义】3. The sowing of salt is used by Bulfinch to show _. 3. 布尔芬奇用撒盐来表示_。A. Ulyssess attempt to be found insane A. 尤里西斯想要被认为是疯子B. the difficulty of cultivating in rocky soil B. 在岩石土壤中栽培的困难C. how the tears of the gods created the sea C. 众神的眼泪是如何创造海洋的D. the gods punishment of those who disobey them D. 上帝对违抗命令的人的惩罚【答案】A【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段第三四句“当帕拉默德斯到达伊萨卡岛时，尤利西斯假装疯了。他把驴和牛套在一起犁地，开始撒盐。”可知，尤里西斯在地里面撒盐是为了装疯，这样他就不用离开幸福的家庭去参战。该题选择A项“尤里西斯想要被认为是疯子”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B项“在岩石土壤中栽培的困难”、C项“众神的眼泪是如何创造海洋的”和D项“上帝对违抗命令的人的惩罚”在原文并没有提到，属于无中生有。4.【选项释义】4. Why does Ulysses display arms among the ornaments? 4. 为什么尤里西斯会在饰品中展示他的武器？A. As a declaration of war. A. 作为战争的宣告。B. To mislead the daughters of the king. B. 误导国王的女儿们。C. To test Achilles into revealing himself. C. 试探阿喀琉斯，让他暴露自己。D. Because he wants to start an alteration. D. 因为他想要改变。【答案】C【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段最后两句“尤里西斯听说他在那里，就化装成出售女性饰品的商人去了宫殿，其中还放了一些武器。当国王的女儿们都在全神贯注地看商人包里的其他东西时，阿喀琉斯拿起了武器，从而在尤里西斯敏锐的目光下暴露了自己，尤里西斯毫不费力地说服阿喀琉斯不顾母亲审慎的建议，和同胞们一起参战。”可以看出，尤里西斯在饰品中展示他的武器是让试探阿喀琉斯，让他暴露自己。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项“作为战争的宣告”、B项“误导国王的女儿们”和D项“因为他想要改变”在原文都没有体现，属于无中生有。5.【选项释义】5. A reasonable title for this narrative might be _. 5. 一个合理的标题应该是_。A. “Disputes and Deceit” A. “争端和欺骗”B. “The Apple of Discord Leads to War” B. “不和的金苹果导致战争”C. “Achilles and Ulysses” C. “阿喀琉斯和尤里西斯”D. “The Pettiness of the Gods” D. “众神的渺小”【答案】B【考查点】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据文章内容可知，本文讲述的是为了抢夺金苹果带来的一系列后果。第一段先介绍了这个故事的来源：纷争女神厄里斯因为没有收到忒提斯婚礼的邀请而扔下一个刻有“献给最美丽的女神”字样的金苹果，引发了朱诺、维纳斯和雅典娜三位女神的争夺，最终牧羊人帕里斯接受了维纳斯的礼物，把金苹果给了她，随后便被带去希腊，说服斯巴达国王墨涅拉俄斯的妻子海伦私奔，从而引起了特洛伊战争；第二段是墨涅拉俄斯为了找回妻子而号召曾经追求过海伦的追求者一起参战。综上所述，我们可以推断，这篇文章主要讲述的是一个不和的金苹果引发的战争，所以B项“不和的金苹果导致战争”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“争端和欺骗”和C项“阿喀琉斯和尤里西斯”表述不全，属于以偏概全；D项“众神的渺小”在原文没有体现，属于无中生有。4. 单选题Though they came from _ social backgrounds, the newly married couple shared numerous interests and feelings.问题1选项A.desultoryB.obsoleteC.malleableD.disparate【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. desultory漫无目的的；无条理的 B. obsolete淘汰的；废弃的C. malleable可锻造的；易受影响（或改变）的 D. disparate由不同的人（或事物）组成的；迥然不同的【答案】D【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据though可知，此处为让步语气，根据主句的句意“但这对新婚夫妇有许多共同的兴趣和感情”可推知，_ social backgrounds表示“不同的社会背景”。因此，该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句意。【句意】虽然他们来自不同的社会背景，但这对新婚夫妇有许多共同的兴趣和感情。5. 单选题After years of _ war, the Great Wall was constructed to _ the Chinese people.问题1选项A.internecine.instigateB.destructive.resurrectC.unceasing.protectD.amicable.unite【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. internecine.instigate（团体、国家、组织）内部发生的使（正式）开始 B. destructive.resurrect引起破坏（或毁灭）的重新应用C. unceasing.protect持续不断的保护 D. amicable.unite心平气和的联合【答案】C【考查点】形容词和动词辨析。【解题思路】根据the Great Wall（长城）和Chinese people（中国人）可知，建造长城是用来保护人民的，所以第二个空格要填入protect；而根据历史常识可知，那个时候中国经历了不断的战争，所以第一个空格填入unceasing恰当。故该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合句意。【句意】经过多年不断的战争，长城被建造来保护中国人民。6. 单选题The millions of calculations involved,（ ）by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.问题1选项A.had they been doneB.they had been doneC.having been doneD.they were done【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. had they been done如果被完成 B. they had been done它们被完成C. having been done被完成 D. they were done它们被完成【答案】A【考查点】虚拟语气。【解题思路】根据would have lost（将失去）可知，此处考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句要用if + had done，如果省略if，要把助动词提前，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、D项不符合句子语法结构；C项为非谓语动词，不是虚拟语气。【句意】数百万次计算如果用手工完成，那么，到计算结束的时候，就将失去其全部实际价值。7. 单选题She was the victim of her neighbors malicious gossiping.问题1选项A.malevolentB.violentC.lenientD.benevolent【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. malevolent恶毒的，有恶意的；坏心肠的 B. violent暴力的，猛烈的C. lenient宽大的，仁慈的 D. benevolent慈善的，乐善好施的【答案】A【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】从gossiping（流言蜚语）可知，划线单词malicious是一个贬义词，表示“恶意的”，只有A选项含义最为接近。故本题正确答案为A选项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项与划线单词意思不符合。【句意】她是邻居恶意诽谤的受害者。8. 单选题A person who is _ is slow to adapt to a new way of life.问题1选项A.nonchalantB.intractableC.rabidD.insolent【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. nonchalant若无其事的；冷静的 B. intractable很难对付（或处理）的C. rabid极端的；疯狂的 D. insolent粗野的；无礼的【答案】B【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】根据关键信息slow to adapt to a new way of life（很难适应新的生活方式）可知，这个人是一个比较固执的人，只有B项词义与之符合。因此，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。【句意】一个顽固的人很难适应新的生活方式。9. 单选题Sit down, straighten your legs and _ your feet.问题1选项A.suffocateB.flexC.inflateD.affront【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. suffocate压制，阻碍 B. flex屈伸，活动（四肢或肌肉，尤指为准备体力活动）C. inflate膨胀，充气 D. affront冒犯，侮辱【答案】B【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】由句子意思“坐下，伸直你的双腿，_你的双脚”可知，端正地坐下来，自然是伸直双腿收缩双脚，因此B项符合句意。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项都不符合句意。【句意】坐下来，伸直双腿，收缩双脚。10. 单选题On a single weekend last month, there were three serious highway accidents in this country that (1) teenaged drivers. One of the result of this (2) weekend was a (3) public demand that high school students should be required to (4) a course of driving-training before receiving their drivers licenses. (5), most of the high schools in this area have offered driver-training courses for many years. But these courses have always been (6), (7) required; and sometimes only a small fraction of the student body has actually been (8) in the courses. It would be an excellent idea, as I see it, to make driver training a required course.The opponents of this idea have (9) that providing driver training for every student would be very (10) and that the (11) would not be worth the price. It is true that the course would be costly. Our town school board has estimated that in order to provide driver training for every high school student, they would need at least two more full-time instructors and two additional training cars, as well as (12) lab space and equipment. (13) the course of this program would be large, it must be (14) against the much greater costboth in money and in human sufferingof continuing to allow inexperienced and poorly trained people to join the ranks of licensed drivers. An effective drive-training program would certainly be worth the (15).问题1选项A.relatedB.includedC.involvedD.concerned问题2选项A.unluckyB.tragicC.horribleD.miserable问题3选项A.restoredB.recoveredC.revivedD.renewed问题4选项A.giveB.makeC.takeD.hold问题5选项A.TrueB.RealC.SureD.Certain问题6选项A.randomB.objectiveC.auxiliaryD.elective问题7选项A.far fromB.rather thanC.as well asD.other than问题8选项A.adoptedB.receivedC.enrolledD.permitted问题9选项A.arguedB.agreedC.claimedD.assured问题10选项A.worthlessB.demandingC.impossibleD.expensive问题11选项A.resultsB.effectsC.coursesD.demands问题12选项A.extraB.specificC.hugeD.grand问题13选项A.WhenB.BecauseC.WhileD.Unless问题14选项A.showedB.comparedC.weighedD.measured问题15选项A.attentionB.expenseC.promotionD.success【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:C第6题:D第7题:B第8题:C第9题:A第10题:D第11题:A第12题:A第13题:C第14题:C第15题:B【解析】1.【选项释义】A. related与相关，有联系 B. included包括，包含C. involved牵涉 D. concerned涉及，影响【答案】C【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】that引导的定语从句修饰前面的先行词highway accidents（高速交通事故），空缺部分在从句中充当谓语动词，由后面的宾语teenaged drivers（青少年司机）可以推测，空缺部分表示“涉及”；involve可以表示“某人参与了一种情况、一件事或一项活动或从中受到影响”，符合该处语义。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A项一般常与to搭配使用；B项表示整体与部分的关系，不符合句子语义；D项表示“牵涉某人”常用被动语态。【句意】就在上个月的一个周末，美国就发生了三起严重的公路交通事故，都是由青少年司机造成的。2.【选项释义】A. unlucky不幸的，倒霉的 B. tragic悲剧的，悲痛的C. horrible可怕的，极讨厌的 D. miserable非常难受的，可怜的【答案】B【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】空缺处缺少一个定语修饰后面的weekend（周末），而上一句提到这个周末发生了三起严重的交通事故，所以可以推测这个周末是“悲剧的”。因此，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A项一般指运气不好或缺少机遇，不符合上下文语义衔接；C项一般用来形容令人恐惧的事物，上文描述的是严重的交通事故，用“悲剧的”会更合适，因此该项不符合上下文语义衔接；D项形容人不开心或者不舒服，不符合上下文语义衔接。【句意】这个悲惨周末的结果之一是。3.【选项释义】A. restored精力充沛的，精力恢复的 B. recovered重新找到的C. revived复活的，再生的 D. renewed再次发生的，再次兴起的【答案】D【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】that引导的同位语是对前面的public demand（公共需求）的解释，即“高中生在拿到驾驶证之前都应该学习驾驶训练课程”，下一句提到“大多数高中都开设了多年的驾驶培训课程”，说明以前已经有驾驶课程了，所以这次事件造成这种公共需求被再次提出，因此本题正确答案为D选项。【干扰项排除】A项是指恢复某种情况或感受；B项是指找回丢失的物品；C项是指经济、商业、趋势或感觉等事物的复苏。【句意】这个悲剧性周末的结果之一是，公众的需求再次被提出。4.【选项释义】A. give给予 B. make使得，制造C. take拿走，参加 D. hold持有，拥有【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据下文“大多数高中都开设了多年的驾驶培训课程”可知，此句表示“高中生在拿到驾驶证之前都应该学习驾驶训练课程”，由course可知，take a course固定搭配，表示“参加一门课程”。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项都没有这个搭配。【句意】这个悲剧性的周末的结果之一是，公众再次要求高中学生在获得驾照之前应该参加驾驶培训课程。5.【选项释义】A. True真实地，准确地 B. Real真正地，确实地C. Sure当然，的确 D. Certain必然的，确信【答案】C【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】根据句子可知，句子结构完整，所以空缺处只能填一个副词做状语，四个选项中只有C项可以做句子状语，表示同意。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B项只能用在句中；D项为形容词，不能做状语。【句意】当然，这个地区的大多数高中都开设了多年的驾驶培训课程。6.【选项释义】A. random随机的，任意的 B. objective客观的C. auxiliary辅助的，附加的 D. elective选修的【答案】D【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】这一句用到了but，说明上下文含义有转折，上文说“高中生应该被要求（required）学习驾驶课程”，这一句却说“但是这些课程经常是_”，所以空缺处内容应该与required含义相反，那就是“非必修的”，即选修课程。因此，该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句间逻辑。【句意】但这些课程都是选修课。7.【选项释义】A. far from远离，远非，完全不 B. rather than不是，而不是C. as well as也；和一样 D. other than除了，不同于【答案】B【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】由空格后的required（必修的）和前面的elective（选修的）可知，前后为对比关系，所以用rather than符合前后逻辑。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句子前后逻辑。【句意】但这些课程一直是选修课，而不是必修课。8.【选项释义】A. adopted采取，收养 B. received收到，接受C. enrolled登记，入学 D. permitted允许，批准【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据句子意思“只有一小部分学生真正_这些课程”，以及该段第二句提到take a course（参加课程），所以该空格处同样要填入表示“参加”的词语，而be enrolled in为固定搭配，表示“参加，入学”。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合此搭配。【句意】有时，只有一小部分学生真正参加了这些课程。9.【选项释义】A. argued争论，辩论 B. agreed同意，赞成C. claimed声称，宣称 D. assured确信，确保【答案】A【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】根据关键信息The opponents of this idea（这一观点的反对者）可知，发言人为这种观点的反对者，因此他们会对这种观点进行争论，故本题正确答案为A选项。【干扰项排除】B、D项不符合句子逻辑；C项一般指某人断言某件事情是真实的，也不符合句子逻辑。【句意】这一观点的反对者认为。10.【选项释义】A. worthless无价值的，不值钱的 B. demanding要求高的，费力的C. impossible不可能的，难以忍受的 D. expensive昂贵的，价格高的【答案】D【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】根据下一句“诚然，这一课程将耗资巨大”可知，这种驾驶培训价格是比较昂贵的，因此空格处填入expensive符合上下文语义衔接。所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合上下文语义。【句意】这一想法的反对者认为，为每个学生提供驾驶员培训将是非常昂贵的。11.【选项释义】A. results结果，后果 B. effects影响，效果C. courses课程 D. demands需求【答案】A【考查点】语义逻辑。【解题思路】根据句子意思“反对者认为驾驶培训昂贵，_不值得这个价钱”，结合逻辑可知空缺处是表示“驾驶培训的结果”不值这个价钱，“结果”是驾驶培训直接得出的，result指由于某一行动、计划或事件等带来的直接后果，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】C、D项不符合句子语义逻辑；B项指由于某一行动、计划或事件等带来的间接后果或某一事物产生的效应，不符合此处逻辑。【句意】这一想法的反对者认为，为每个学生提供驾驶员培训将是非常昂贵的，其结果也不值得这样的代价。12.【选项释义】A. extra额外的，另外的 B. specific特殊的，特定C. huge巨大的，庞大的 D. grand宏伟的，豪华的【答案】A【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】as well as（和）表示并列，说明空格处的成分和前面的additional（额外的，附加的）为相等成分，所以空缺处同样填入一个表示“额外的”词语，所以该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合语义逻辑。【句意】市教育委员会估计，为了给每个高中生提供驾驶员培训，他们至少需要两名全职教师，另外附加两辆训练车，以及额外的实验室空间和设备。13.【选项释义】A. When当时 B. Because因为C. While然而，尽管；当时 D. Unless除非【答案】C【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】根据后半句的意思“继续允许没有经验和没有受过良好训练的人加入执照司机行列，将付出更大的代价”可知，驾驶培训课程代价确实比较大，但要比允许青少年直接上路所带来的代价小得多。两句之间存在让步关系，故本题正确答案为C选项。【干扰项排除】A项表示时间；B项表示因果关系；D项表示条件。【句意】虽然驾驶培训课程花费巨大。14.【选项释义】A. showed展示 B. compared比较C. weighed权衡 D. measured测量，估量【答案】C【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据句子的意思“它与继续允许没有经验和没有受过良好训练的人加入持照司机的行列_，金钱和人员伤害的代价要更大”，其中“它”指的是“驾驶培训课程的代价”，理解可知，空格处表示这两者的比较，而be weighed against为固定搭配，表示“和相比较，权衡”。因此，该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、D项不符合句子意思；B项一般与to或者with搭配。【句意】虽然驾驶培训课程花费巨大，但它与继续允许没有经验和没有受过良好训练的人加入持照司机的行列相比，金钱和人员伤害的代价要更大。15.【选项释义】A. attention注意，关注 B. expense开支，花费C. promotion提升，促销 D. success成功【答案】B【考查点】联系上下文。【解题思路】上文在说“开设驾驶课程花费巨大，但是与允许青少年直接上路所带来的代价相比小得多”，然后这一句接着说到“一个有效的驾驶培训项目肯定值得_”，可知空格处表示“花费”。所以，该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合上下文语义。【句意】一个有效的驾驶训练项目肯定是值得这个价钱的。11. 翻译题正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于琐事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希冀。【答案】It is because of the continuous pursuit of progress that we feel happy in our life. One thing always leads to another in an endless series. For those who look ahead, there is always a new world in front. Though we dwell on a small planet, engaged in chores and a short life, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. While there is life, there is hope. True happiness lies in how we begin, not how we end, in what we want and not what we have.12. 单选题No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such virtue.The Problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the betteror worsepart of my life. Being rich wouldnt be bad either, b