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初二英语Unit 16复习通用版【本讲主要内容】Unit 16复习【知识掌握】词汇用法1. sometime, sometimes, sometime与sometimes记忆：sometimes（有时）some times（好几次）sometime（某一次）some time（一段）口诀：分开是一段，相连为某时。分开s是倍次，相连s为有时（1） sometime是时间副词，指不确定的将来或过去某一点时间（某时候或任何时候），不指一段时间。如：Well go to Beijing sometime next month.我们下个月某一时候会去北京。（2） sometimes是频度副词，指“有时”、“不时”的意思（=at times）。如：Sometimes I get up very late on Sunday morning.有时候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。（3） some time是名词词组，指一段时间（一些时间或若干时间）。如：It took him some time to finish the book.他花了一些时间去完成作业。（4） some times指“几次”。如：He met the woman some times last month.上个月他见过那妇女几次。2. every day 与 everyday（1） every day作状语，译为“每一天”。如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天7:10去上学。I decide to read English every day.我决定每天读英语。（2） everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。Whats your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么？3. leave 的用法（1）“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的？（2）“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。（3） “leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？4. Itsforsb.和Itsofsb.（1） for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。（2）of sb的句型一般用来表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如：good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。（3）for 与of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：You are nice.（通顺，所以应用of）。He is hard.（人是困难的，不通，因此应用for）5. 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词初中阶段常见的有以下这些：（1）let letting让hit hitting打、撞cut cutting切、割get getting取、得到sit sitting坐forget forgetting忘记put putting放set setting设置babysit babysitting临时受雇照顾婴儿（2）shop shopping购物trip tripping绊stop stopping停止drop dropping放弃（3）travel travel（l）ing旅游swim swimming游泳run running跑步dig digging挖、掘begin beginning开始prefer preferring宁愿plan planning计划6. tell,speak,say与talk（1） tell 意为“告诉、讲述”，指某人把某一件事、一条信息传送给别人或讲述一件事。如： He tells me that he wants to be a teacher.他告诉我说他想成为一位教师。 Father always tells interesting stories to us. 爸爸总是给我们讲有趣的故事。 tell sb sth 意为“告知某人某事”。如： He told me something about his past. 他告诉我一些他的往事。 tell sb to do sth 意为“告诉某人去做某事”。如： David told his son to do the homework. 大卫要他的儿子去做作业。 （2） speak 意为“说话、讲话”，后面主要接语言。如： He can speak English and a little Chinese. 他能讲英语和一点汉语。 speak to 意为“和讲话、谈话”。如： Can I speak to Mr Zhang? 我能和张先生讲话吗？ speak of 意为“提到、说起”。如： The book speaks of my hometown. 那本书提到我的家乡。 （3） talk 意为“谈话、讲话”，如果只有一方对另一方说话时，一般用 talk to；如果双方或多方交谈，多用 with。如： Please talk to him right now.请立即同他谈话。 He is talking with his friend.他在和朋友交谈。 talk about 意为“谈论”。如： They are talking about the movie.他们在谈论那部电影。 have a talk with 意为“与交谈”。如： Can I have a talk with you?我可以和你交谈吗？ （4） say 意为“说”。如： Can you say it in English once more?你能用英语再说一遍吗？ say to 意为“对说”。如： He said to his students that they would have a test. 他对他的学生说他们将有一个测试。 It is said that. 意为“据说”。如： It is said that he could stay under the water for a long time. 据说他能呆在水里很长时间。7. 表示时间的in、on与atin, on 与 at 都可以和表示时间的词（组）连用。 （1） in 表示时间的一段或较长的时间。如： in the morning在上午 in May, 2004在2004年五月 in a week在一周之内（后） Its Sunday, I can finish it in two days. 现在是星期天，我能在两天后完成。（星期二） Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是在一天内建起来的。 （2） on 主要指在具体的一天。如： on Sunday在星期天 on May Day在“五一”节 on a hot afternoon在一个炎热的下午 He arrived in Beijing on April 26,2004. 他于2004年4月26日到达北京。 （3） at 表示时间的一点或比较短的时间。如： at 8:00在八点 at noon在中午 I always get up at 6:00 every morning. 我总是每天早晨六点起床。 Its always warm at this time of year. 每年的这个时候总是暖和的。8. decide 的几种句式（1）decide to do sth 决定去做某事They decide to fly kite on weekend.他们决定在周末去放风筝。（2）decide on doing sth决定做某事They decide on flying kites. 他们决定放风筝。（3）decide on sth 就某事决定Betty decided on the red skirt. 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。decide的名词形式为decision，结构：make a decision，意为“做决定”。如：He has made a decision.他已经做一个决定了。 9. too, also与either（1） too用于肯定句和疑问句，一般放在句尾，其前常加逗号。如：We are in the same school, too. 我们也在相同的学校。Do you play soccer every day, too?你也每天踢足球吗？（2）also用于肯定句和疑问句，一般位于实义动词前、be动词后。如：Sandra is also a Korean student.Sandra 也是一个韩国学生。（3）either用于否定句，一般放在句末。如：They dont know the answer, either.他们也不知道答案。（4）as well as也有“也”的意思。如：We have great mushroom pizza as well as soda.He is a happy boy as well.10. hard 与hardly（1）hard既可作形容词，也可作副词。如：Its a hard （adj.） question. （=difficult）这是一个难的问题。The boy studies very hard （adv.） 那男孩学习非常努力。句子结构：Its hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。如：Its hard for him to finish the work. 完成那项工作对他来说很难。注意区分：hard work 困难的工作work hard 努力工作hardly是频度副词，表示否定的意思。（=almost not）通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。如：I can hardly see it.我几乎看不到它。11. exercise 的一些用法（1）作不及物动词，译为“运动，锻炼”。如：David exercises every morning.大卫每天早晨进行锻炼。（2）作及物动词，译为“训练”。如：Swimming exercises the whole body.游泳能使身体得到全面的锻炼。（3）作名词，译为“体育锻炼、运动、体操、练习题”等。如：Its good to do eye exercises every day.每天做眼保健操对眼睛有好处。Please do more exercise from now on.从今以后请多做运动吧。I have lots of homework to do tonight.今晚我有很多的作业要做。（4）注意：exercise指具体运动或体操时是可数名词，复数形式为exercises；泛指运动时是不可数名词。12. maybe 与may be（1）maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：Maybe he can answer the question.也许他能回答那个问题。He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。（2）may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是”。如：He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。She may be our English teacher.她可能是我们的英语老师。13. same 与different（1）same指“相同的”，前面通常要有一个定冠词the，但是如果same前面已经有this，those等词，就不能再与the连用了。如：We are in the same class. 我们在同一个班级。结构：the same as与一样如：His mark is the same as mine.他的分数和我的分数一样。（2）different译为“不同的”，其后的可数名词应为复数形式。如：We are in different classes. 我们在不同的班级。结构：be different from与不同如：This sweater is different from that one.这件毛衣与那一件不同。different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。14. well 的用法well可以作副词，也可以作形容词。（1）well作副词，意为“（某事干得）好”。如：The boy draws very well.男孩画得很好。（2）well作形容词，意为“健康、安好”。如：Im not feeling well.我觉得不舒服。语法重点难点1. 情态动词 should “应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。我们在使用时要注意以下几点：（1）用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 （2） 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：You should go to the doctor ifyou feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。（3） 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 2. begood（bad）for、begoodat的相关用法（1）be good for 对有益Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操对你们的健康有益。（2）be good at 擅长于Li Ping is good at basketball.李平擅长于篮球。= Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅长于打篮球。be good at = do well in 如：Im good at math. = I do well in math.我擅长于数学。（3）be good to 对好Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。功能用语及拓展1. How often do you exercise?2. “What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.” 3. I have a stomachache.4. Whats the matter? I have a bad cold.5. Maybe you should see a dentist. 6. I hope you feel better soon. 7. What are you doing for vacation? Im babysitting my sister.8. Who are you going with? Im going with my parents. 9. How do you get to school? I walk to school. 10. How long does it take you to get to school? 11. It takes about 10 minutes to walk and 15 minutes by bus.12. Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? Sure, Id love to. 13. Thank you for inviting me.14. Tom is more athletic than Sam.【考点突破】【考点指要】1. 一般现在时表示频率的副词和疑问词。2. 形容词的比较级。3. 表示交通方式的介词词组。4. 交际用语考察邀请和接受以及拒绝邀请。【典型例题分析】1. Though he has studied at Russian for ten months, he can still speak the language.（06潍坊中考题）A. hard, hardB. hardly, hardlyC. hard, hardlyD. hardly, hard答案：C思路点拨 hard 既可以做形容词，也可以做副词，意思是“努力地”。如study hard。hardly 只能做副词，意思是“几乎不”，所以选C2. What a fine day today!Yes, but its a bit _ than yesterday.（ 06仙桃市中考题）A. hotB. hotterC. so hotD. hottest答案：B思路点拨 因为句中有than表示两者作比较，所以前面的形容词用比较级。3. How are you going to meet your aunt at the airport _ Thursday morning? Im going there _ my car. （06孝感中考题）A. on, in B. on, by C. in, by D. in, in答案：A思路点拨 在某天的上午用on, by car是固定搭配，in my car在我的车里，my car前面应该用in.4. When can you finish your home-work?It will_me about half an hour.（ 06宜昌中考题）A. spend B. take C. pay D. bring答案：B思路点拨 It takes sb sometime to do sth是固定句式。这个句子用将来时。5. My aunt enjoys _ in this city （06重庆中考题）A. live B. lives C. to live D. living答案：D思路点拨 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事。6.I think Jack does his homework than his sister. （06连云港中考题）A. carefulB. more carefully C. carefully D. more careful答案：B思路点拨 does后面用副词修饰，多音节词的比较级前面加more，所以用more carefully。【综合测试】A卷I. 词汇。根据句意补全单词，单词首字母已给出。1. Im t , I think I should have something to drink.2. It t_ me ten minutes to get to my home by bus.3. He talked too much yesterday, so he had a sore t .4. I am sorry I cant go to my friends party, because I am b my little brother tomorrow. 5. People who have something wrong with their teeth should see a d .6. Doing morning exercises is a good way to keep h .7. It is i to eat a balanced diet.8. Tom likes watching TV and he u watches TV after supper at home.9. Thanks for i me to the meeting.10. The subway takes him forty m to go to the bank.II. 单项选择。（ ）11.How often does your sister surf the internet?About .A. three timeB. three times C. three time every day D. three times a day （ ）12. When is your father going to Hong Kong?He is going there July 28th.A. on B. atC. inD. to（ ）13. Thank you for me find my little cat yesterday.A. helpB. helpsC. helpedD. helping（ ）14.Are you good at ?A. swimB. swimmingC. to swimD. swam（ ）15. Could I please use your computer? .A. Yes, I canB. Yes, you cant C. Sorry, you cant D. No, I cant（ ）16. Most students watch TV three _four times a week.A. and B. but C. or D. however（ ）17. I am very because I dont like exercise.A. healthB. healthyC. healthilyD. unhealthy（ ）18. Judy a stomachache, so she eat anything for twenty-four hours. A. has; shouldB. have; should C. has; shouldntD. have; shouldnt（ ）19. My friend likes singing and talking with others. But I often stay at home to watch TV. So my friend is than me.A. seriouser B. more serious C. calmerD. more outgoing（ ）20. How does he get to work? He a bike.How long does it him to get from home to the office?It him 20 minutes.A. rides; takes; takesB. rides; take; takes C. ride; takes; takesD. ride; take; takes（ ）21. Does Babara go to work bus or foot?A. to; byB. with; onC. by; onD. on; on（ ） 22. This is not my English book. Its _.A. your B. you C. her D. hers（ ）23. are you staying in Ottawa? For two weeks.A. How longB. How manyC. How oftenD. How much（ ）24. Im short, so I want to be .A. heavierB. largerC. tallerD. bigger（ ）25. When it rains, I a taxi.A. takeB. ride C. byD. sitIII. 补全对话。从提供的选项中补全对话（J=John L=Li Lei） J: Hello, Li Lei! L: Hi, Jim. Can you come and play football with us on Sunday? J: Sorry, I cant. _26_. L: Do you like going out in the car? J: Yes, I do. We sometimes go out in the car on Saturday. L: Oh, we usually go and see my uncle on Saturday. _27_.J: I like fishing. What about you? L: I like fishing, too. _28_He always catches a lot of fish. We often take the fish home for supper._29 _. J: _30_. L: My dad. I help him. We like cooking fish! J: And eating it, too. A. What do you like to do in your free time? B. My uncle is very good at fishing. C. I like eating fish. D. We sometimes go fishing. E. Dad is taking us out in the car. F. Who cooks the fish? G. I will go out with my father. IV. 用方框里所给词的适当形式填空。popular, with, sore, sound, mile, hardly ever, by, stay, quiet, take31. I have a throat. You should see a doctor.32. My father often goes to school subway.33. We are going camping tomorrow. That cool.34. The boy is sleeping. Please keep .35.It is about 5 from here to the hospital.36. I help my father the sheep on the farm on weekends.37. I really enjoy at the beach because it is so cool and relaxing!38. Tomorrow we an important lesson so we cant go with you.39. Many people like him. And he is than you.40. My sister is lazy and unhealthy because she exercises.B卷V. 根据中文完成句子。41. 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。 Doing eye exercises_ _ _your eyes. 42. 散步有助于保持身体健康。 Walking helps to keep you _ 43. 从学校到汽车站不是很远。 It isnt _ _ the school to the bus stop. 坐火车去北京需用多长时间？ How long _ it _ by train to Beijing? 45.你每天怎样去学校？ _ _ you get to school every day? 46. 我确信他会来的。 _ _that he will come. 星期五你可以和我们一起去看电影吗？ Can you come to the movies_ _ _Friday? 我叔叔后天要来这里。 My uncle is coming here the day_ _. 请过来见见我的家人。 Please_ _ _meet my family. 为什么不请吴老师帮助我们呢？ Why not _Mr Wu _ help us? VI. 完形填空。Someone says, “Time is money.” But I think time is _51_important than money. Why? Because when money is spent, we can earn more. However, when time is _52_, itll never _53_ . That is _54_ we mustnt waste time. It goes without saying that _55_ is usually limited. Even a second is very important. We should make full use of our time to do _ 56_ useful. But it is a pity that there are a lot of people who _57_ know the importance of time. They spend their limited time smoking, drinking and playing. They do not know that wasting time means wasting part of their own _58_. In a word, we should save time. We shouldnt _59_ todays work for tomorrow. Remember we have no time to _60_ . （ ）51. A. muchB. lessC. much lessD. even more （ ）52. A. costB. boughtC. goneD. finished （ ）53. A. returnB. carryC. takeD. bring （ ）54. A. whatB. thatC. becauseD. why （ ）55. A. moneyB. timeC. dayD. food （ ）56. A. nothingB. somethingC. anythingD. every things （ ）57. A. do notB. does notC. did notD. do （ ）58. A. timeB. foodC. moneyD. life （ ）59. A. stopB. leaveC. letD. give （ ）60. A. loseB. saveC. spendD. take VII. 阅读理解：A、B篇要求阅读短文选择正确答案（A）Bruno was a boy of eight. His father worked in a cinema and his mother worked in a shop. He lived not far from his school. He always walked there and walked home. On his way to school, he had to pass a playground. It was very wet after it rained. One day, when he got home, his clothes were all wet. His mother became angry（生气的）and said, “Dont play in the water on your way home from school!”On the next day Bruno came home with wet and dirty（脏的）clothes. His mother became even angrier. “Ill tell your father if you come back wet again,” said his mother. “Hell punish（惩罚）You, you know.” The third day the little boy was dry when he came home.“Youre a good boy today”, his mother said happily. “You didnt play in the water.”“No,” the boy said unhappily. “There were too many older boys in the water when I got there this afternoon. There wasnt any room（空地方）for me at all!”根据文章内容选择正确答案（ ）61.Bruno went to school every day.A. by bikeB. by busC. by carD. on foot（ ）62.The playground was between .A. two classroomsB. the cinema and shopC. Brunos house and school D. the shop and Brunos school（ ）63. The little boy liked to play on the playground .A. when it snowedB. when there was some water there C. when the children played football there D. when his father was busy with his work（ ）64.Bruno was afraid of the most.A. his father B. his motherC. his teacher D. the older boys（ ）65. That afternoon, the boys clothes were dry because .A. nobody made room（地方）for him in the waterB. there was no water on the playgroundC. he took off his clothes before he played thereD. he played in the water carefully（B）Please look at the Flight Timetable and choose the right answers.Flight No. Departure Arrival From To StopCA907 07:45 12:10 Beijing Moscow ChengduCA981 01:58 18:35 Beijing New York ShanghaiCA158 10:20 23:10 Beijing London ChengduCA149 11:35 22:10 Beijing Sydney Hong KongCA923 12:35 17:10 Beijing Moscow /CA167 13:15 02:40 Beijing Paris MoscowCA147 15:55 10:15 Beijing Sydney GuangzhouCA949 17:25 07:35 Beijing Paris ShanghaiCA173 19:20 01:50 Beijing Moscow UrumqiCA937 21:25 s08:10 Beijing London Hong Kong（departure=leaving）（ ）66.Youll go to Australia. You can only take when you reach Beijing Airport at eleven forty.A.CA923B.CA149C. CA147D. CA167（ ）67. If you spend fourteen hours and ten minutes going to France, you must stay in _on the way.A. Hong KongB. ShanghaiC. MoscowD. Chengdu（ ）68. It will take you to reach England if you stop in Hong Kong.A. nine hours and twentyB. ten hours and thirty-fiveC. twelve hours and fiftyD. ten hours and forty-five（ ）69.You may in Beijing if you want to go to America.A. take one planeB. take two planesC. take three planes D. not take any planes（ ）70. How many planes may you take in Beijing if you want to go to Australia?A. One. B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.（C ）阅读短文后回答问题Sandy, Billy and Sue are in the zoo. They are now standing near the monkeys cage. “ Thats a nice monkey,” Sandy says. “ Hes like Billy.” “No, hes not! ” Billy answers. “Hes like you. Hes good at running and jumping. ” “You see he wants some nuts. ” Sue says, “Give him some nuts, Sandy. ” Sandy is throwing some nuts into the cage. “Give him some sweets, Billy. ” “ He likes nuts, but he doesnt like sweets, ” Sue says. “ Look! ” Sandy says. “ The monkey is pointing （指）at Bills bag. He can see the bananas in it. Give him a banana, Billy. He wants it. ” “ No! ” Billy says. “ I cant give my bananas to him. I want to eat them. ” “ Please give it to him, ” Sue says “ No! ” Billy shouts, “ He can eat nuts, but he cant eat my bananas! ” 71. What are the children doing? _72. Is Sandy good at sports? _73. What is Sandy throwing to the monkeys? _74. What does Billy like eating? _75. Does Billy want to give the monkeys bananas? _VIII. 书面表达：根据下面所给的提示写一篇60词左右的短文，要求内容完整，语言规范。 1. 杰克上周五过生日。2. 他邀请了我和一些同学参加他的生日聚会。3. 我买了一本书作为生日礼物，坐地铁下午5:30到他家。4. 杰克很高兴，并很喜欢这个礼物。5 我们一起唱歌、跳舞，玩得很开心。 综合测试答案. 词汇15 thirsty, takes, throat, babysitting, dentist610 healthy, important, usually, inviting, minutes. 单项选择1
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