Book4unit6学案学生版g.doc

Book 4 Unit 6 Various Workplaces学案(学生版)第一课时 词汇预习学习目标学习掌握本单元词汇学法指导 借助词典磁带等相关工具掌握词汇的发音，大声朗读记忆一 根据英语写出词性及汉语含义stressparking parking lotdocumentpaperworkcoworkerlifestyleprovestaffinterruptadditionimprovewagetelecommutingtime-savingflexibilityproductivityproductiveinstead ofspend forpay fora pile ofin addition occupationtiresomesignificantlymaterialtechniquesatellitechallengingexploreprocedurewisdompollutepracticalnuclearapplicantwell-beingthreateningexpectingtransportationcrisisefficient二 根据词性及汉语含义写出英语新闻主播中断，打断改进，进步简历牙科医生挑战探究，探险烟雾污染，弄脏，污染物放射性的申请人，求职人紧迫的首先，最开始把加到立即，马上飞越，飞过为付出代价专心第二课时(Getting Ready & Pre-reading)学习目标：1 检查Unit6的单词（单词接力赛）。2 通过Getting Ready的学习，积累与工作有关的词汇。3 练习说理性科普文的阅读技巧，进行Reading的整体阅读训练。4 完成P79 Comprehending 第1,2,3,4题Step 1 Pleasure in the job puts perfection in the work.乐在工作才有完美表现Step 2 Finish getting-ready on P77.Step 3Language points1. In cities all over the United States, workers spend several hours a day in cars crawling along in traffic to get to offices many miles from home. 在美国所有的城市，为感到离家数英里之外的办公室，上班族每天都要在路上花费几个小时艰难的行驶。 crawl v. & n. many miles from home 为名词短语作后置定语修饰 offices。 2. They experience stress, waste time, and pay a lot for gas, car repair, and parking.他们的承受压力、浪费时间，同时还得为油耗、维修和停车花上一大笔钱。 experience vt. 经历，体验 世界在最近二十年中经历了巨大变化。 The world great changes in the last two decades. n. a)经历；阅历 他写了一部关于自己战时经历的书 He wrote a book about in the war. b)经验；体验；感受 她可能欠缺经验，但学得很快。 She may , but learns quickly.3. She stays at home in her pajamas with a pile of documents, talking with mangers over the phone and faxing in paperwork. 她可以披着睡衣呆在自己家里，闲散着拿着一摞文件，通过电话和经理们沟通，并用传真机接收书面文件。(1) pajamas n. (2) with a pile of documents 为介词短语作方式壮语他醒着躺在床上，眼睛睁得大大的。He lay awake on the bed, (3) talking with mangers over the phone and faxing in paperwork 现在分词短语作状语，也是表伴随状态她静静的坐在那儿听老师讲课。She sat there quietly, (4) over the phone “通过电话”。也可以是 on the phone。有人打电话找你。 with复合结构练习练习1：请选择最佳答案1）With nothing_to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.A.leaving B.left C.leave D.to leave2）The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_on the wall.A.fixing B.fixed C.to be fixing D.to be fixed3）I live in the house with its door_to the south.（这里with结构作定语）A.facing B.faces C.faced D.being faced4）They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights_.A.burn B.burnt C.burning D.to burn练习2：用with复合结构完成下列句子1）_（有很多工作要做），I couldnt go to see the doctor.2）She sat_（低着头）。3）The day was bright_.（微风吹拂）4）_，（心存梦想）he went to Hollywood.练习3：把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。1）Because our lessons were over，we went to play football._.2）The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands._.3）My mother is ill，so I wont be able to go on holiday._.4）An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldnt go to the cinema tonight._.答案及分析答案（练习1）：B.B. A.C.（练习2）：1）With a lot of work to do 2）with her head bent3）with a fresh breeze blowing4）With a dream in heart答案（练习3）：1）With our lessons over ，we went to play football.2）The children came running towards us with the flowers in their hands.3）With my mother being will，I wont be able to go on holiday.4）With the exam to be held tomorrow，I couldnt go to the cinema tonight第三课时reading II学习目标 文章经典句研读, 掌握重要词汇及语法点知识点1. Nancy is a telecommuter, someone who works some or all of the time at home. 南茜其实就是一位不折不扣的电讯家庭办公人士，也就是说，他的家和办公室合二为一，她可以在家里处理一部分或者所有的公务。tele- 表“远程”的前缀telephone n.电话 v. television n. telecom (=telecommunication) telescope n. telecommunication n. telegram n. commute n.& v. 通勤,乘车上下班 commuter student telecommuter = tele + commuter telecommuting n. 2.What makes it possible is technology. 使得这一切成为可能的是科技（1）it 这里指前面一句话所提到的情况，possible 作 it 的宾语补足语。（2）what makes it possible 是主语从句。主语从句在句中充当主语。可以引导主语从句的关联词有：连接词 that，whether； 连接代词 what，which，whose；连接副词when, where, why, how; 复合代词 whatever，whoever 等。 他肯定会成功。 is certain. 还不知道她是否去那里。 is not known. 他说的话不真实。 is not true. 谁打破了窗户还没有查出来。 has not been found out.【练习】1_makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThat BWhat CWho DWhich2Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell_close you may be to victory.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhere3_ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.AWhoever BWhatever CWhichever DWherever4Its good to know_the dogs will be well cared for while were away.Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat5It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhether6_I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.AThat BWhich CWhether DWhat7Police have found_appears to be the lost ancient statue.Awhich Bwhere Chow Dwhat8The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhether9From space, the earth looks blue.This is _about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.Awhy Bhow Cbecause Dwhether10_you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.AWhen BHow CWhat DThat答案:BACDDDDBCC3. Personal computers, networking, videoconferencing, fax machines, email, and all kinds of phone lines provide the fast and timesaving communication required for telecommuting.台式电脑、互联网、视频会议系统、传真机、电子邮件以及多路电话线，这些科技的进步都为电讯家庭办公人士提供了快捷、高效的沟通渠道。(1) videoconferencing = video + conferencing( 会议 ) timesaving = time + saving (节省) adj. (2) required for telecommuting 过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句 that are required for telecommuting，修饰 the fast and timesaving communication ，required for telecommuting 与被修饰的the fast and timesaving communication 之间是动宾关系，故用的是过去分词，表被动。4. The experiences of many companies prove that telecommuting can increase workplace flexibility and add to productivity. 许多公司的经验表明，电讯家庭办公可以让工作地点更加灵活，从而提高办公效率。(1) prove 可作为及物代词或不及物动词，表示“ ”。 (2) add to 增加，起增添作用他的话进一步证明她是无辜的。 His remarks the proof that she is innocent.5. At Georgia Power Company, for example, a pilot telecommuting project was so successful that the company decided to increase the number of telecommuters by 300%. 以乔治亚电力公司为例，该公司的电讯家庭办公试点项目就非常成功，所以公司决定把利用电讯设备在家上班人员的数量扩大三倍。(1) pilot n. adj. (2) by表“（数量、程度等）以之差”。 他高出我一头。 He is taller than me (3) increase to表示增长到 人口已从120万增长到了180万。The population has increased 1.2 million 1.8 million. increase by表示增长了通货膨胀率增长了2%. The rate of inflation 第四课时reading III学习目标 文章经典句研读, 掌握重要词汇及语法点知识点1. By mixing work with family, telecommuting often leads to more work hours and more interruptions with family life. 电讯家庭办公模糊了办公与家庭的界限，从而滞延了工作时间并侵扰了家庭生活。(1) by 表“（方法、手段、方式等）凭借、靠、通过”。他以教书为生。 He earns his living 你这样讲是什么意思？ What do you mean ?2. After three months the workers reported that being away from the office was not at all productive to their work. 3个月后员工们反映，离开办公室对他们的工作反而起了消极负面的作用。（1）that being away from the office was not at all productive to their work 是宾语从句，作 reported 的宾语。 being away from the office 是动名词短语作主语。（2）at all 在这里用于否定句中，构成“notat all” 这一结构，意思是“丝毫不，一点都不，根本不”。 我一点都不喜欢它。 at all 用于疑问句、条件从句及肯定句中，意思是“究竟；从任何方面考虑；在任何情况下”。 你究竟看见他没有？ 3. Telecommuting also makes many workers feel lonely and out of touch, leading to less productivity. 除此以外，独自在家办公也使许多员工感到寂寞，觉得与世隔绝，因而导致办 事效率下滑。（1）leading to less productivity 是现在分词短语作结果状语。 他父亲去世了，什么也没给他留下 。 His father died, （2）lead to 在这里是“引起，导致，造成”的意思，相当于 cause。 Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness. 那可能会引发一场内战。 （3）make 作使役动词，表示“使做某事，使成为”，常有如下用法： make + sb. do sth. 表示“使做某事”,但被动语态中要用 be made to do sth.。他让我们工作了整整一夜。主动语态 被动语态 make sb./sth. + 名词/名词词组, 表示“使成为/当”。 我们让他当我们的班长 。 make sb./sth. + 形容词, 表示“使怎样”。 这消息是她高兴。 make sb./sth. + 过去分词, 表示“使被知道、懂得、听清等”。 你最好让你的计划为人所知。 make it + 形容词 + that 从句, it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that 从句。 我已经说得很明白，我们将把失去的时间补回来。 I have that well make up for the lost time. make it + 形容词 + 不定式, it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式。 好天气使我们外出成为可能。The fine weather . 4. In addition, technological improvements, such as high speed modems, are both important and necessary. 此外，技术的改进，如高速的调制解调器也至关重要。(1) such as high speed modems 这里做插入语。(2) in addition 意思是“此外（还）” 玛丽阿姨给我们的野餐准备了三明治，还有一包饼干。Aunt Mary gave us sandwiches for picnic and a bag of cookies 第五课时Verb-ing Form1动名词由动词 + ing构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。1）作主语。如：Seeing is believing. Laying eggs is the ant queens full-time job. It is no use arguing with him. 注意：动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。如：Playing with fire is dangerous. （泛指玩火）To play with fire will be dangerous. （指一具体动作）但在It is no use/good, not any use/good, useless等后常用动名词间或用不定式。2）作表语。如：Her job is teaching. 3）作宾语。如：He is fond of playing football. I like swimming. admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feel，like，finish，forgive，give up，imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist，risk，suggest，cant help（情不自禁），cant stand（无法忍受）等动词成词组后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式。forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。Lets go on studying Lesson 6. （让我们继续学第六课。说明前面已学了一部分。）Lets go on to study Lesson 6. （让我们接着学第六课。说明前面已学了第五课。）I remember doing the exercise. （我记得做过练习。）I must remember to do it. （我必须记着做这事。）I tried not to go there. （我设法不去那里。）I tried doing it again. （我试着又做了一次。）Stop speaking. （不要讲话。）He stopped to talk. （他停下来讲话。）I mean to come early today. （我打算今天早些来。）Missing the train means waiting for another hour. （误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。）在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：We dont allow smoking here. We dont allow students to smoke. 动词need，require，want作“需要”解，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要做，这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义。be worth后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义。如：The window needs/requires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned. Her method is worth trying. 在短语devote to，look forward to，stick to，to be used to，object to，thank you for，excuse me for，be(kept) busy，have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)，theres no use/good/need，feel/seem like/get down to等后的动词也必须用动名词形式，例如：I look forward to hearing from you soon. 在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。有时用动名词作宾语时，指一般情况，而跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为。start，begin，continue在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。但start和begin在下列情况下一般跟不定式作宾语：当主语是物而不是人时；当start或begin以-ing形式出现时，当后面作宾语的动词表示感情、思想或意念时。如：It started to snow. He is beginning to cook dinner. I began to understand what he meant. 在should(would) like/love等后须用不定式。4）作定语，例如：He has a reading room. 2动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动名词构成。在句子开头必须用名词所有格或物主代词。如果动名词的复合结构作宾语，其逻辑主语是无生命的名词时，用普通格。如：His coming made me very happy. Marys crying annoyed him. She didnt mind his crying. Is there any hope of Xiao Wangs winning.?He insists on the plan being carried out. 3动名词的时态和语态动名词的时态分一般式和完成式两种，如果动名词的动作没有明确地表示出时间是与谓语词所表示的动作同时发生或在谓语动词所表示的动作以前发生，用动名词的一般式。如：We are interested in playing chess. His coming will be of great help to us. 如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常用动名词的完成时态。如：Im sorry for not having kept my promise. 在某些动词或词组后，常用动名词的一般形式，尽管其动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的。如：Excuse me for coming late. 主语是动名词所表示的动作的对象时，动名词用被动语态。被动语态由“being + 过去分词”或“having been + 过去分词”构成。后一种一般很少使用，以免使句子显得累赘。如：He likes being helped. He was afraid of being left at home. I dont remember having ever been given a chance to do it. 第六课时 语法练习一、说出下列动名词短语在句中的作用1 Would you mind carrying this suitcases for us?2 It has been so nice meeting you.3 The main difficulty was finding enough raw material.4 The real problem is knowing what to write.5 It was annoying not being able to remember the new words.6 Working in the open air has given you a good color.7 The girls are all fond of dancing.8 It made him ill drinking so much whisky.9 Your job will be looking after the cows.二. 选择题12013重庆卷 The engine just wont start.Something seems _ wrong with it.Ato go Bto have gone Cgoing Dhaving gone22013湖南卷 You cannot accept an opinion _ to you unless it is based on facts. A. offering a Bto offer Chaving offered Doffered32013陕西卷 Let those in need _ that we will go all out to help them.Ato understand Bunderstand Cunderstanding Dunderstood42013北京卷 Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own.A. change Bchanging Cchanged Dto change52013北京卷 When we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. block Bto block Cblocking Dblocked62013福建卷 Anyone, once _ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to be tested Bbeing tested Ctested Dto test72013湖南卷 The sun began to rise in the sky, _ the mountain in golden light. A. bathed Bbathing Cto have bathed Dhaving bathed82013湖南卷 _ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it. A. Staying BStayed CTo stay DStay92013江苏卷 Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins, the city took on a new look.Areducing Breduced Cbeing reduced Dhaving reduced102013新课标全国卷 I got to the office earlier that day, _ the 7：30 train from Paddington.Acaught Bto have caught Cto catch Dhaving caught11. The guide asked us again if we had ever been to the temple_ the Ming Dynasty.A. dated back to Bthat date back to Cdate back to Ddating back to12. Early this year cruel snowstorms hit southern China, _ great transportation problems in some areas.Acaused Bcausing Cto cause Dhaving caused13. Measures must be taken to prevent pollution_ happily.Afrom we live Bfor us to live Cus living Dfrom our living14Apple has given in to intense pressure from Chinese state media about its customer service practices，_ to consumers in its secondlargest market.Aapologizing Bapologize Chaving apologized Dto apologize15_to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.AHaving been asked BTo ask CHaving asked DTo be asked16. The horse_the distance in six days_the trains 28 hours.Aran; comparing with Bcovered; compared withCoccupied; compared with Dcovered; comparing with17. Jenny was bending over a desk, her tongue sticking out slightly，_ in the pain of composition.Ahaving absorbed Babsorbed Cbeing absorbed Dabsorbing18I will be surprised if you can get Calvin, who is very busy，_these tickets for you.Abuy Bbuying Cbuys Dto buy19. Life is a journey_with hardships, joys and special moments.Afilled Bto fill Cfilling Dhaving filled20. A hearty laugh relieves physical tension，_your muscles relaxed for over half an hour.Ato leave Bleft Cleaving Dleave21. _ wealthy people with the business tax instead of the individual income tax weakens government efforts _ the wealth gap. A. Taxing； closing B. Taxing； to close C. Tax； to close D. Having taxed； closing22. Little Tom went to the stadium in a hurry， only _ the game had been put off. A. being informed B. informed C. to be informed D. to inform23. English teachers are supposed _their students a test in class， even after class， _better teaching results. A. to give； ensuring B. giving； to ensure C. to give； to ensure D. giving； ensuring24. The traffic administration indicates that airline passengers are only allowed to carry their luggage _ less than 5 kilograms with them. A. weighed B. being weighed C. weighing D. to weigh25. He is a foreigner and he is not accustomed _like that while he is in China. A. treating B. to be treated C. to being treated D. to treat26. _copies of Mo Yans works will be on sale after his talk at the Press Conference. A. Signing B. Sign C. Signed D. To sign27. _ all his courage， he invited the lady to get off the train with him. A. Being gathered B. Gathered C. To gather D. Gathering28. The instant Nate woke up the next morning， he saw a note on the bedside table _ by his wife_ “Breakfast is ready. Have a nice day.” A. left； said B. leaving； saying C. left； saying D. leaving； say第七课时Further reading学习目标 文章经典句研读, 掌握重要词汇及语法点Further reading1. In the field of medicine, cures for life-threatening diseases have added years to life expectancy.(1) in the field of 在领域/范围 in the field of politics/art/science in ones own field 不属于某人的专业/工作范围 (2) add vt. 1) 添加,附加;掺和她尝了口咖啡,接着又加了点糖.She tasted her coffee, and then 2) 进一步说, 附带说明她又补充说:”我希望你早点回来.”“I hope youll come early, ” 3) 把加起来, 计算的总和 If you add 5 to/and 5, you can get 10. 【扩展】add to : increase 增加 这增加了我们的困难. add up 把加起来 把这些数字加起来. add up to 合计达; 总而言之,含义是 这些数字加起来是365. 2. Modern drugs and advanced surgical techniques have also prolonged life. 现代的药物和先进的外科技术也使得寿命延长.(1) advance v. 前进;提出;提升(职位);预付 The troops advanced to the square. He has advanced a new suggestion.