2014高三英语阅读专题指导II推理判断题2SS.doc

2014高三英语阅读专题指导II 推理判断题2 如何推断作者观点和态度1.问题特点：题干中通常含有attitude, view ,opinion, think of, think about, in the authors opinion/mind等标志性词语.2.技巧点拨：注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出 作者的弦外之音。如overestimate高估, luckily, unexpectedly, pity, certain等说明作者态度的词: 1.objective客观的 2. subjective主观的 3. positive积极的 4. negative消极的 5. neutral中立的6. approval赞成的 7. disapproval不赞成的 8. ironic讽刺的 9. indifferent漠不关心的 10. critical批评的11.cautious谨慎的12. optimistic乐观的13. pessimistic悲观的14. sensitive敏感的 15. doubtful怀疑的E.G: Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿)，and death. Frankly，Im sick of all the bad news. This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _. A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform【2012陕西卷】 B Three Boys and a DadBrad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. Expecting a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be like a walk in the park,” hed told his wife. “Ill look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well, but just after eight oclock, his three little “good kids”Mike, Randy, and Alexcame down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alexs head as if it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat（节拍）. Mike chanted “Wheres my toast, wheres my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randys underwear on his head. Randy locked himself in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, although they were before their very eyes. Someone named “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten oclock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared to be reading quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realised that the talk show was over and reading would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre (日托所）.“I suddenly have to go into work and my wifes away. Can I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.49. When his wife left home. Brad expected to .A. go out for a walk in the park B. watch TV talk show with his childrenC. enjoy his first day off work D. read the newspaper to his children51.Why did Brad ask the daycare centre for help?A. Because he wanted to clean up his house. B. Because he suddenly had to go to his officeC. Because he found it hard to manage his boys home.D. Because he had to take his wife back【2012四川卷】 A On a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house. Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. Each look reminds us where we are. There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees. Our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. As they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple（枫树）makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees. The air is clean and fresh. The water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. Though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that. The seasons change just outside the door. We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars（杨树）putting out the first green leaves of spring. The rainbow smelt fills the local steam as the ice gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter. A family of birds rules our skies and flies over the lake.43. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. The change of seasons is easily felt. B. The seasons make the scenes change.C. The weather often changes in the forest. D. The door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.44. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?A. To describe the beauty of the scene around the house. B. To introduce her childrens happy life in the forest.C. To show that living in the forest is healthful. D. To share the joy of living in the nature.【2012重庆卷】 DTo take the apple as a forbidden fruit is the most unlikely story the Christians（基督教徒）ever cooked up. For them, the forbidden fruit from Eden is evil（邪恶的）.So when Colu brought the tomato back from South America, a land mistakenly considered to be eden, ever jumped to be the obvious conclusion. Wrongly taken as the apple of Eden, the tomato was shut out of the door of Europeans.What made it particularly terrifying was its similarity to the mandrake, a plant that was the to have come from Hell （地狱）.What earned the plant its awful reputation was its roots w looked like a dried-up human body occupied by evil spirits. Tough the tomato and the man were quite different except that both had bright red or yellow fruit, the general population consio them one and the same, to terrible to touch.Cautious Europeans long ignored the tomato, and until the early 1700s most of the We people continued to drag their feet. In the 1880s, the daughter of a well-known plant expert that the most interesting part of an afternoon tea at her fathers house had been the “introduction this wonderful new fruit-or is it a vegetable?” As late as the twentieth century some writers classed tomatoes with mandrakes as an” evil fruit”.But in the end tomatoes carried the day. The hero of the tomato was an American named R Johnson, and when he was publicly going to eat the tomato in 1820,people journeyed for hun of miles to watch him drop dead.” What are you afraid of?” he shouted. ”Ill show you fools these things are good to eat!” Then he bit into the tomato. Some people fainted. But he sur and, according to a local story, set up a tomato-canning factory.68. The tomato was shut out of the door of early Europeans mainly because _.A it made Christive evil B it was the apple of Eden C it came from a forbidden land D it was religiously unacceptable 69. What can we infer the underlined part in Paragraph 3 ?A The process of ignoring the tomato slowed down B There was little progress in the study of the tomato C The tomato was still refused in most western countries D Most western people continued to get rid of the tomato 高三英语阅读专题指导II 推理判断题 3如何推断文章出处1. Question forms:The passage is most likely to be taken from_.Where would this passage most probably appear?The passage is most likely a part of _.（Application textbook news report an ad. a website/ a blog a booklet 小册子 a guide book）2. 解题技巧 这类问题应从文章的内容或结构或典型的句子来判断其出处：e.g.(1)报纸 ：前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称 (2)广告 ：因其格式特殊，容易辨认 (3)产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等(4)网络：wwwcom, blog , e-books, click here，Internet，website, updateDont wander aimlessly through life. Get confused on your goals, start helping others in need, and live life to the fullest! Life is too short to be anything but happy. Visit my blog and find what youve been missing. Sigh up for my newsletter and get seven free e-books, too! Read hundreds of articles while youre there in the article section, which is updated daily.This text must be taken from _A a radio program B. a website C. a newspaper D. a TV program【2012四川卷】 CI left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didnt think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull. I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words. It takes confidence to make a new start theres a dark period in-between where youre neither one thing nor the other. Youre out for dinner and people ask what you do, and youre too ashamed to say, “Well, Im writing a novel, but Im not quite sure if Im going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside. Then I met an agent（代理商）who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel. The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for. It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, theres no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract（合同）of the publisher to be a published writer is unbelievably rewarding（有回报的）.49. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?A. I was waiting for good fortune. B. I was trying to find an admirable job.C. I was being aimless about a suitable job. D. I was doing several jobs for more pay at a time.51. How did the writer feel halfway with the novel?A. Disturbed. B. Ashamed. C. Confident. D. Uncertain.52. What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?A. It pays to stick to ones goal. B. Hard work can lead to success.C. She feels like being unexpectedly lucky. D. There is no end in sight when starting to do something.【2012辽宁卷】 DInside the pleasingly fragrant cafe, So All May Eat(SAME) in downtown Denver ,the spirit of generosity(慷慨)is instantly noticeable :A donation box stands in place of a cash register. Customers here pay only what they can afford, no questions asked. A risky business plan, perhaps, but SAME Caf has done one unchangeable thing in the Mile High City for six years: Open only at midday, the restaurant provides poor local can instead volunteer as waiters and waitresses, and dishwashers, or took after the buildings and equipment for the cafe.“Its based on trust, and its working all right” , says co-owner Brad Birky , who started the caf in 2006. With his wife Libby. Previously volunteering at soup kitchens, the Birkys were dissatisfied with the often unhealthy meals they served there. “We wanted to offer quality food in a restaurant where everyone felt comfortable ,regardless of their circumstances,” Birky says. SAMEs special lunch menu changes daily and most food materials are natural and grown by local farmers. The caf now averages 65 to 70 customers (and eight volunteers) a day. And the spirit of generosity behind the project appears to be spreading. In early 2007,one volunteer who had cleared snow for his meals during the long winter said goodbye to the Birkys,” He said he was going to New Orleans to help with the hurricane clear up,” says Birky. 68.What can we learn about the soup kitchens the Birkys previously worked for? 69. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. . The customers who cannot pay can word as volunteers in stead. B. More volunteers will go to new Orleans for the hurricane cleanup. C. Many new cafes will be opened to offer free lunches in the town. D. The lunch menu has remained the same since the caf was started. 70. The authors attitude towards running such a caf is_A. unfavorable B. approving C. doubtful D. cautious【2012全国II】(C)Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A womans smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians dont smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.【2012全国II】49. What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?A. Love. B. Politeness. C. Joy. D. Thankfulness.50. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can _ .A. show friendliness to strangers B. be used to hide true feelingsC. be used in the wrong places D. show personal habits51. What should we do before attempting to “read” people?A. Learn about their relations with others. B. Understand their cultural backgrounds.C. Find out about their past experience. D. Figure out what they will do next.52. What would be the best title for the test?A. Cultural Differences B. Smiles and Relationship C. Facial Expressiveness D. Habits and Emotions高三英语阅读专题指导II 推理判断题 4推断上下文内容1. Question forms:The next paragraph would most probably deal with _The paragraph preceding this one (上一段)would most likely discuss _.2. 解题技巧推测下文的内容：关注文段中的最后几句话，根据作者的思路进行推理。推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。Nowadays a lot of buildings can be heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of asphalt roads(柏油路). In winter, water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up.The next paragraph would probably discuss_.A. We shall do if the system goes wrong. B. What we shall do if there are no asphalt roads. C. How the system cools the building in summer. D. How the system collect heat in spring.DO remember:1.依据文章 （according to） 2.关注细节 （key information）3.言外之意 (whats implied)4.思路吻合 （be consistent with ） 5.合乎逻辑 (be logical) 6.最佳答案（the best answer）According to these rules, what statement shouldnt we choose?1. 备选项的中心词背离文章的主题思想2. 文中叙述的是事实3. 文中无依据4. 太绝对或太片面5. 偷换概念6. 与细节信息相反7. 直接选取文中的原句Practice makes perfect.One day a man walked a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozenroaches（蟑螂） and two spiders（蜘蛛）.”“What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surpr“Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment, it was _. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fallinto self-pity. “Everybody on earth can ask，why me？about something or other，”she insists. “It doesntdo any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache pain，and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. Ive come to realize the importance of that as Ive grown up this second time. Iwant to speak out and be as helpful as I can be5. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Mary feels pity for herself. B. Mary has recovered from her disease. C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible. DMary determines to go back to the dance floor.CTwo friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence. Given that this is the case, why arent students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isnt in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fir On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategyfor conflict resolution; listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speakers position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesnt mean trying to figure out whats wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to ac