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八年级下Unit7 Topic1语法-宾语从句（由that引导）一1. I will buy a bike. 2. He likes meat. 3. She can speak English and French. 4. The shop sells different kinds of food. 5. We planted hundreds of trees in the school.6 I can see （that）the boys are playing football. 7. Mr Smith knew（that） his son made some mistakes. 8. I think （that）Mr Zhang is a very good teacher. 【观察1】以上八句话中的动词有 跟在这些动词之后的成分我们把它叫做 这些成分 例 是词，例 是短语，例 是句子。我们把含有词或短语的句子叫 句，把含有句子的句子叫 从句【观察2】 观察例句6 7 8 叫做 从句。 这三句话每句话都包含 句话，我们分别把这叫做主句和从句，括号中的词叫 词，而且从句的位置都位于 词之后，做 语。那么例句6 7 8 的主句分别是 从句分别是 连接词分别是 没有词义,可省略【结论1】宾语从句的定义是 【结论2】宾语从句中从句是一个 句【结论3】 主句用现在时态， 从句可用任何时态。 主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。主句是任何时态，从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，用一般现在现在时。 Eg: 1 I know that he is a teacher. 主句（一般现在时态）从句（一般现在时态） 2 He thinks that Michael did a good job . 3 I heard you had a bad cold. 4 The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.【结论4】当主句的动词是think，believe,guess,imagine,suppose expect时候,并且主句的主语是第一人称时候，如果宾语从句是否定句时候 常将从句的not转移到主句动词前Eg: 1 ( ) I think he will not go to a party ( ) I dont think he will go to a party 我认为他不会来参加晚会了。 2 ( ) I believe he didnt kill this man. ( ) I dont believe he killed this man. 我相信【扩展1】我们还可以在动词和宾语从句中间插入“人” Eg 1 He told me that he was wrong 2 The teacher asks me that we should finish homework.【扩展2】1 I am sure(that) he will pass the exam. 2 I am sorry that I have no time to your party. 3 I am glad that you win the race. 4 She is afraid (that )she didnt finish the work.以上四句话也叫形容词的宾语从句，这类形容词有be sure,be sorry, be glad, be afraid, , , , 【练习】1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _（地球围着阳转）4 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled 5.My teacher told me the earth around the sun.A. travel B. travels C. traveled D. traveling. 6 “The sun is much bigger than the earth,” said the teacher.(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) The teacher said the sun much bigger than the earth. 7 I think she is right (判断正误) 8 You may notice, I believe, the book is not in this room. (判断正误) 9 John says that he will try his best and everything will get better. (判断正误) 10 I guess Kate (study) English now11 The teacher says there (be) a test next week.12 李明告诉我们他昨晚9点正在洗澡 Li Ming tells us that he at nine yesterday evening.13.The lady told me. There were no seats left on that plane. （合并为一句话） 14.The radio says. It will be even worse tomorrow. The radio says _ _ _ _ even worse tomorrow. 15.“Do you believe?Zhao Benshan will come to Xuchang next week.” you believe Zhao Benshan _ _ _ Xuchang next week.？ 16 .The teacher said:“light travels faster than sound.” The teacher _ _ light travels faster than sound. 17 Tom said “ I can play the piano” Tom said _ _ play the piano18 I believe that he will not come back.(判断正误)19 I know it. He is a Canadian athele.(合并为一句宾语从句)20 Doyou think it? The children need to write a song. (合并为一句宾语从句)21 Mary says it. She doesnt like school clothes. (合并为一句宾语从句) Ive heard that you play in your school orcherstra. I know that foreigners find China very different from their own countries. I dont know who will come. Can you tell me where you are from? Do you know if Sally Maxwell has arrived? Can you tell me if you miss the UK?I asked your secretary whether she could come or not.Which of the following sentences are the Object Clauses? 宾语从句在教材中的地位和作用 （1）宾语从句是中学英语复合句学习 的起点，掌握好宾语从句的概念和应用为以后学习状语从句和定语从句以 至于高中的名词性从句打好基础。 一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即句子作宾语， 宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语 作宾语。 作宾语。 I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball. (动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）I know him .（代词作宾语）I know Mr. Li teaches English. (句子作宾语）She asked if the answer was right. (句子作宾语） 二、宾语从句三要素 一、连接词 二、语序 三、时态 （一）连接词1.that引导 2.whether/if引 3.连接代词who whom whose what which 4.连接副词when why where how1注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分， 在口语当中往往省略e.g 1. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）3. The teacher told us (that) _.（地球围着太阳转） 注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么 注意：当从句是客观真理的时候， 时态， 时态，从句一律用一般现在时2由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 由从属连词if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。 1. I want to know _ the park with us _. 2. Ask him _. 3. I wonder _. 4. Could you tell me_? 只能用whether不能用 的情况 不能用if的情况1.在介词后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. 2.在动词不定式前：They asked me whether to go skating.3.当与 not连用，或提出两种选择时: I dont know whether hes free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room. 4.宾语从句提前时：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.3由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和 连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从 代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。1. He asked _. 2. Do you know_? 3. He asked_. 4. Do you know _? 5. Please tell me _. 6. Can you tell me _? 7. Could you tell me _?（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）Do you remember _(他多大岁数)? 当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened? eg:I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?（三）时态(时态一致性） 时态 时态一致性主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态。 主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。I know he is a teacher. I know he was a teacher three years ago. I know he has been a teacher for 3 years.I know he will be a teacher after graduation. I knew he was a teacher.I knew he would be a teacher after graduation. He told me the earth moves around the sun. I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。Do you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will do3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada.A. what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _?A. what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was Lily5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled 7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A. if B. weather C. what D. which8. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 真题再现（2008.40. ）You are growing so fast. Can you tell me now? (连接词、时态） A. how fast are you B. how fast you are C. how tall are you D. how tall you are（2009.45.） The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _ （时态、语序） A. how much it cost B. how much did it cost C. how much it costs D. how much does it cost(2010.45.) Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _C_?（时态、语序） A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it(2011.45) Jenny is on holiday now., I wonder _A_. （时态、语序）A when she will come bake B when she came back C when will she come back D when did she came back另外，还在完型填空连词成句，写作等题型中都会涉及到对宾语从句的考察，总体来看，宾语从句的相关知识点在河北省中考试卷中约占5分左右。 参考答案1注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分， 在口语当中往往省略1he will be back in an hour 2he missed us very much 3the earth moves around the sun （地球围着太阳转） 2由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 1if (whether) he will go to2whether (if) he can come 3whether it is going to rain or not 4whether(if) Mr Li lives here3由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和 连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从1who could answer the question 2whom they are waiting for 3whose bike was the best in the class 4when well have a meeting 5where he is6how I can get to the station 7why the train is lateI 从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。C B C C A C A C真题再现D C C A
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