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Unit OnePeople Around UsEnhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action Working with Words and Expressions1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:1) crease2) hint3) assured4) awaiting5) hovering6) scrawled7) glistening8) frail 9) sole 10) visible 11) engaged 12) biased13) dreading14) grinning2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) for fear of 2) pulled up 3) except for 4) get by 5) make a living 6) every so often7) in the background8) Shut off 9) each and every 10) as it is 11) wraps around her little finger12) caught us unawares Increasing Your Word Power 1. Choose the definition from Column B that best matches each phrasal verb in Column A, paying attention to the V+ Prep./Ad. collocation. Answers: 1) f 2) c 3) d 4) e 5) b 6) g 7) h 8) aFill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper phrasal verb. Change the verb form where necessary. Answers:1) let out2) clean up3) come through 4) waiting on 5) picked up 6) ended up 7) headed for8) ran through2. The prefixes ex-, fore-, pre- mean “former, before, or in advance” while the prefix post- means “after or later than”. Study the following examples and form words by adding ex-, fore-, pre-, post- to the words given in the table and then complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you have just formed. Change the verb form where necessary. Answers:1) foretell 2) preview3) forerunner4) postscript5) postgraduate6) precondition7) ex-husbandGrammar in Context Task 1: Combine the given sentences into one by using attributive clauses. Answers for reference: 1) I encountered many people whose lives amazed me. (See Para. 3, Text B) 2) We drove in silence to the address (that/which) she had given me. (See Para. 21, Text B)3) He pushed through the doors and headed for the back room where his apron and busing cart were waiting. (See Para. 16, Text A)4) I had seen too many people trapped in a life of poverty who depended on the cab as their only means of transportation. (See Para. 6, Text B)5) Their social worker, who stopped to check on Stevie every so often, admitted Stevie and his mother had fallen between the cracks. (See Para. 6, Text A) Task 2: Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English. Be sure to use present particles or past particles to modify nouns. Answers for reference:well-considered decision, folded paper, written notice, laptop storing my annual report, a postman delivering express mailCloze Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:1) reliable2) syndrome3) adopted 4) got done with 5) gloomy6) or something7) chance 8) come through 9) barely10) in good shape11) booth 12) mess 13) scrawled14) peeking15) inTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:1) What I didnt count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker.2) Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “Oh, My dear /My goodness/My gracious, were going to miss the train!”3) At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances?4) In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping.5) When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation.6) Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside.2. Translate the following paragraph into English using the words and expressions in the box below. Answer for reference:That was a time when life was difficult for everyone. My family could barely get by on my small income from driving a cab. One late night I responded to a call for a cab ride. To my surprise, when I arrived at the address, I found it was a frail old lay who was awaiting me. After she got into the cab, I engaged her in conversation. I learnt that she was going to the hospice. Her doctor said she didnt have very long. The old lady told me to drive through the downtown area. She pointed at some old buildings, telling me those were the places where she used to work or live. When the cab finally pulled up in front of the hospice, I didnt accept her fare. In the rest of the day, I was lost in thought. Though I had to make a living, I lived not for the sole purpose of surviving. When circumstances looked gloomy, the small favour I had done could be a candle light. However faint the light was, it managed to warm up a soul and ennobled me as well. I did take pride in that small favour.Theme-Related Writing Do one of the following writing tasks after class.1) Suppose you were Frannie, the head waitress, in Text A. Write a short story about Stevie from your perspective.2) Read the following newspaper clipping and write a short essay on the question:Should We Offer Seats to Elderly People on the Bus during Rush Hours?Sample Essay for Task 1:We all knew Stevie was mentally handicapped, so everyone, especially our boss himself, doubted whether he would be a capable busboy in the truck-stop restaurant where I worked as the head waitress. However, our worries were gradually removed one week later. Smiling and hard-working, Stevie won over all our trucker regulars as well as us employees.Later we learnt that Stevie badly needed the job because the money he earned made it possible for his mother and him to live together; otherwise he would be sent to a group home. So you can imagine how worried Stevie was when he had to take sick leave for heart surgery. He was afraid that he would lose his job. After the operation, in the week before he returned, he called 10 times to make sure that he could still have the job back. At that time, what concerned me most was how Stevie could handle the huge medical bills.But something happened which completely caught me unawares. Our regular customers, those warm-hearted truckers, were so generous that they, together with their companies, contributed over $10,000 for Stevie. That Thanksgiving Day was a big day when Stevie was back to work and when the money was presented to Stevie as a surprise gift. I cried a bit while people were cheering for the occasion. Now, Stevie is still working here. Our boss thinks that Stevie is the best worker he has ever hired. (240 words)Sample Essay for Task 2:Should We Offer Seats to Elderly People on the Bus During Rush Hours?I am amazed to read what a blogger says about offering bus seats to the elderly. He claims that “its the young who need it more” because they go to work early in the morning and feel exhausted after a days work. The blogger also argues that it is unfair to offer seats to the elderly since they already enjoy free rides, and further suggests that during rush hours senior citizens be denied such treatment.I could never bring myself to agree with the blogger. Taking good care of the elderly is a universally accepted standard of conduct. In my opinion, offering seats to our elders is not just an indication of good manners; it is a moral issue. I always consider it my moral obligation to help others. Yes, you may feel comfortable for a while by remaining in your seat, but you will lose your character and moral values in the long run. Respecting the elderly is also our social convention. It is precisely out of our love and respect for the elderly that such special benefits as free rides are offered to them. No one can deprive senior citizens of their right to go out by bus at any time they like, and whats more, we should make sure that they get special care when the bus is fully packed with passengers. Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a mutually satisfying experience for everyone involved. It is through performing such small acts as offering seats to the needy that we learn to contribute to the building of a harmonious society. (268 words)Unit TwoLoveEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action Working with Words and Expressions3. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) curled2) minimum3) clip4) yielded5) Given6) preserve7) fascinated8) affection9) interact10) haste11) grief12) defies13) presence14) acquire15) manipulate16) restraints4. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) let, loose on2) fit into3) hold on4) state of affairs5) in the course of6) in vain7) build, on8) In short9) reached for10) give and take Increasing Your Word Power1. The prefix over- can be added to nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, meaning “above”, “outside”, “across”, or “too much”. Study the words given in the box and choose the proper word to fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) overcoat2) overhead3) overjoyed4) overslept5) overweight6) overdue7) overtime8) overworking2. Many words in English can be used both as nouns and as verbs. Listed in the following table are some of these words that you have learned in Unit One and Unit Two. Study them carefully and then complete each of the following sentences with one of them as you see fit. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 1) crush2) attributes3) fancy4) bubbled5) grasp6) drizzling7) labeling8) yield3. Listed in the box below are some idiomatic expressions formed with the word “hand”. Study them carefully and try to make out their meanings. You may consult a dictionary if necessary. Then translate the given sentences into English, using one of them. Answers:1) We are short of hands.2) I still have some money in hand.3) Give me a hand with this box, please.4) I often keep a dictionary at hand.5) The football fans were out of hand.6) Hand out the pencils to everyone in the class.7) This ring was handed down to me by my grandmother.8) Times up. Please hand in your test papers.9) Please hand on the magazine to your roommates.10) Im afraid I cant help you. Im a green hand.Grammar in Context1. Now complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English. Make sure that the sentences are in the inverted order. Answers for reference: 1) Sitting on the stairs was / On the stairs was sitting2) Over the wall came / flew3) Round the corner was4) Then finally came5) Under the table was lying6) At / On the top of (On top of) the hill stood2. Now correct the mistakes in the following sentences, if any. Write NONE under the correct sentence(s). Answers for reference: 1) The beaver chews down trees to get food and material to build its home with.2) Do your parents think Tom is a nice boy to go out with? (Cross out him)3) The goals for which he has fought all his life seem unimportant to him now.4) NONE.5) The essay starts by asking a question, to which the author then gives a positive answer.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given. Answers:1) haste2) state of affairs3) distinguished4) meeting of minds5) blossom6) inner charm7) intimacy8) emotion9) acquiring10) ideals11) admiration12) lasting13) affection14) forge15) honor16) overwhelmingTranslation 1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. Answers for reference:1) In either friendship or love / In both friendship and love, you should never expect to take / receive the maximum while you give the minimum.2) I built all my hopes on his promise(s), only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all.3) We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease.4) Valentines Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect day to express love to the object of your / ones affection.5) In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost / virtually simultaneous.6) Love needs to be nurtured, and the “eternal / everlasting love” that we all dream to have is not forged until we learn to appreciate and tolerate the other.2. Translate the following paragraph into English, using the words and expressions in the box below. Answers for reference:After dinner, we all sat around the hearth. Aunt Susan was still in the grief of losing Uncle Robert. In her soft voice she told us about their past years. Uncle Robert joined the army shortly after they were engaged. Given the critical situation at the time when lots of army men didnt return alive, you can imagine how much horrified Aunt Susan was every day, and how much overjoyed she was to see Uncle Robert back safe and sound from the European battlefield. Then they got married and brought up five children. For all those years, their affection for each other grew stronger in the course of overcoming difficulties and hardships in life. I was fascinated by Aunt Susans story, which was totally different from my ideal of love. They practiced, in their daily life, giving and sharing instead of pursuing passion and romance, or making complaints. Amazingly, such love lasted through their whole life. Theme-Related WritingDo either one of the following two tasks after class. 1. Based on Text A, write a passage about the different ways different generations handle male-female relationships. The following hints may be of some help. 1) “our” parents generation (details mainly found in Para. 8);2) “my” generation (details mainly found in Paras. 37);3) the younger generation (details mainly found in Paras. 911).2. Study the following data on love and marriage based on a survey with girl students. Write a passage on the topic “What do girl students look for in love and life?” Sample Essay One:Male-female relations are indispensable to adults all through their lives. But different generations handle them differently. Our parents generation lived in an era of constraints, restraints, respect, admiration, and plenty of romance. They kept a distance from people of the opposite gender in order to preserve the holiness of love and relationships.My generation, on the other hand, began with countless crushes for the opposite sex just because of their superficial charm. Harmless as they were, the love was as brief as soap bubbles. As we grew up, we came to the stage of developing real relationships, believing that love demanded a lot of give and not so much of take.By comparison, the younger generation is more open-minded and less restricted in handling the matter of love and relationships. They jump on the bandwagon of love with so much haste that it is difficult for them to distinguish between physical attraction and mental compatibilities.In short, the younger generation focuses more on physical beauty, closeness and passion, and they tend to seek what they want from the relationships. The other two generations give priority to inner charm, intimacy, emotion and sharing in dealing with relationships. (196 words) Sample Essay Two:What Do Girl Students Look for in Love and Life?In order to know about girl students opinion about love and life, a survey with girl students was conducted in 2005 in two universities Chongqing University of Technology and Business and East China Normal University. The survey sought answers to two questions: What do you look for first in a boyfriend? Whats the most important thing for a happy life?About one third of the students chose personality as the top factor in choosing a boyfriend, followed by 27 percent focusing on abilities. Next came common interests and goals, favoured by 17 percent, with only 14 percent of students claiming appearance to be uppermost in their minds. Fewer still, 11 percent, rated economic status as the first consideration.As to their views about a happy life, nearly seventy percent of the girls attached the greatest importance to marriage and family. “Career” was given top priority by just under 20 percent, while even fewer, around 9 percent, believed that money was the key to a happy life.Based on the survey, we may conclude that nowadays, girl students generally hold a rational attitude towards love and life. Admittedly, the improved material conditions of life explain why girls take economic status and money rather lightly. But contrary to the popular view that girls are more concerned about self-development in the workplace and social status, they still regard marriage and family life as central to a happy life. (235 words)Unit ThreeFriendshipEnhance Your Language Awareness Words in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions5. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. Answers:a) boundb) unfoldedc) possessingd) has surpassede) appointedf) virtuesg) had correspondedh) gazedi) keenj) graspedk) groundedl) sensiblem) commitmentsn) regulating6. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. Answers: 17) distinguish between 18) checked up on19) torn down20) make a fortune21) all of a sudden22) lost track of23) Casting an eye over24) broke up25) take pleasure in26) described as27) turned up28) in so far as29) is under arrest30) pass on31) as to Increasing Your Word PowerThe preposition “as” is often used together with some verbs to describe the fact that sb./sth. has a particular function, role or job. Translate the following into Chinese, paying attention to the “verb as”1. collocation. Answers: 1) acceptas 接受为2) respect as尊重为3) defineas把定义为4) describe as把描述成5) picture as把想象成6) regard as把看作7) seeas把看作8) view as把看作Now complete the following sentences by using the “verb + as” collocation. 1) him both as a father and as a writer2) myself as a swan dancing on the lake3) the challenge as an opportunity to test his courage4) me as one of their family members5) it as a joke6) Mark as being in his late teens, tall and friendly to everyone7) as the greatest painter of his time8) love as a way of life, it as a way to feel2. Did you notice the suffix “-al” or “-ial” in the words “trial” and “arrival” in this unit? The suffix “al” or “-ial” can be added to verbs to form n
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