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Unit 4 Growing upGrammarI. Teaching aims and learning objectivesBy the end of the lesson, students should be able to:1. learn the structure of time clauses;2. use the conjunctions before, after, when, while, since, till, until, whenever, as soon as correctly;II. Teaching contents1. New words and phrases: against, career, feel tired out, become serious about basketball, take part in the Olympics 2. New structure: Until his drem came true, Spud never gave up.III. Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficultyUse the conjunctions to make sentences or conversations.IV. Teaching proceduresA Using before, after, when and whileStep 1 Warming-upT: Spud Webb is an excellent basketball player from the US. In China, there is also a great basketball star. Who is he? S: T: Yes. Davids favourite basketball player! How much do you know about him?S: Step 2 Presentation1. before, afterT: His parents are both basketball players. One is 2.08 m tall and the other is 1.88 m tall. Before Yao Ming was born, many people believed that he would be a basketball star. Did he become a basketball star later?S: T: After he took some basketball training, he showed his talent in the game.2. When, whileT: When did he begin to take training?S: When he was 9, he began to take basketball training.T: Yes, he started training at 9. While/When he was attending junior high, he joined the Shanghai Youth Team.【设计意图：以讨论David最喜欢的篮球明星姚明为线，导入新知识的学习。学生对谈论对象的熟悉感能适当降低所学新知识带来的紧张度。】3. AnalysisT: Now, boys and girls, please look at the four sentences. What are the words “before”, “after”, “when” and “while” used as, conjunctions or preparations?S: T: Yes. They join two sentences together. We call these sentences time clauses. T: What are the meanings of these conjunctions? When do we use them? Can you work out the rule?S: T: Good. “Before” means earlier than a certain time. “After” means later than a certain time. “When” means at or during a certain time. “While” means during a certain time.【设计意图：通过free talk 呈现相关语句，并通过对语句的表层分析让学生感知连词before、after、when和while的用法。】Step 3 Practice1. Combine sentences using before, after, when or whileT: David likes basketball very much. He is writing in his diary about one of his days. Now please help him combine the sentences using before, after, when or while on page 54. S: T: Now check your answers. Read the sentences please. We use “before”, “after”, “when” and “while” here as conjunctions to introduce time clauses.2. TipsT: Sometimes they can be used in another way. Can you finish this sentence? Good! What about this one? Great! So “before, after” here are used as ?S: T: Preparations! Well done! What about the following sentences? What if we leave out “I was”? Do they have the same meaning? S: T: They are the same! Remember the rule please!【设计意图：借助课本习题检测学生对新知的掌握，并举一反三，找出相关知识点进行辨析比对，让学生灵活运用所学知识。】3. Talk about one of your daysT: David talked about one of his days. What about yours? Please work in groups and share one of you days with others. Be sure to use “before, after, when and while”. Not less than four sentences.S: T: Show time please!S: T: You really have a funny/successful/hard-working day! I am sure you will be as excellent as Yao Ming if you keep going on.【设计意图： 鼓励学生将所学语言运用到日常会话中，检测学生的实际应用能力，同时抓住学生反馈中的亮点，适时进行激励教育。】B Using since, till and untilStep 1 Presentation1. since T: Yao Ming joined the Shanghai Youth Team while he was attending junior high. But when did he become a member of the national basketball team?S: (When Yao Ming was 18 years old, he joined the national basketball team.)T: A very early age! Did he do well in the team?S: (Yes. Since he joined it, he has won many competitions.)T: He is really great! “Since” here is also used as a conjunction. What does it mean?S: T: Yes. (From a certain time) What about the use of verbs? Can you work out the rule? S: T: Great! You are good learners!2. until/tillT: Mr. Yao is also a good learner. He is not only famous in China, but also famous in the world. When did he become famous in the world?S: (After he joined the NBA.)T: Yes. He did not get the chance to be world-famous until he joined the NBA. Is he still in the NBA now?S: T: When did he leave the NBA?S: T: He practised playing basketball very hard until/till 2011. Then he ended his basketball career. What does the word “until”, “till” mean in the sentence?S: T: Yes. (Up to a certain time) But do you know why do we use “ not until” in the first sentence while “ till/until” in the second one? Can you find out the rule?S: T: We use “not until” when the verb is a short action. We use “ till/until” when the verb is a long action.Step 2 ExercisesT: You know David is a great basketball fan. He is telling us something about that. Please help him complete the sentences in Part B on page 55. Now check your answers. Any difficulties? (Can we use “till” for No. 2 and No. 6?) No. When we use the structure “not until”, we should use “until” instead of “till”.Read the sentences.【设计意图：以与A部分同样的方式，通过呈现、多样化练习的方式，让学生灵活运用所学知识。】C Using as soon as and wheneverStep 1 Presentation1. as soon as and wheneverT: Yao Ming left the NBA in 2011. What did he do after he ended his basketball career?S: (As soon as he ended his career, he became a college student.) (He takes part in the charity whenever he is needed.)T: He is really a man full of love! Do you know the use of “as soon as” and “whenever” here?S: T: As soon as means when something happens, or a short time after something has happened. Whenever means at any time. They are both conjunctions to introduce time clauses.【设计意图：继续谈论姚明的篮球历程，引出since、until、till、as soon as和whenever的用法。对所谈话题语句的用法进行发现归纳，让学生感知时间状语连词在使用过程中的区别与联系。】Step 2 Practice1. Make sentencesT: David is crazy about basketball. He always goes to play basketball as soon as school is over. Can you imagine more about what he does for basketball? Use “as soon as” and “whenever” to make sentences! Just imagine!S: T: Wonderful job! 2. Complete the articleT: Being crazy about something is not bad. But we should learn to use our time correctly, right?David likes Yao Ming very much. He is writing about Yao Ming. Help him complete his article in Part C2 on Page 56.S: T: Check your answers.3. Make an interviewT: Yao Ming is coming to Davids school. David wants to interview him. What will he ask? Work in pairs. Try to use the conjunctions weve learned in this class. Here are tips for you.【设计意图：本部分设计采访姚明的活动，一是对本堂课所谈话题做个总体回顾，激活学生的思维，综合运用所学连词；二是让学生通过设计David的问题及回答来加深对hobby的理解，做到热爱但不沉溺，养成良好的生活态度与学习习惯。】Homework Write a passage about your unforgettable weekend. Use the conjunctions “before”, “after”, “when”, “while”, “since”, “until/till”, “as soon as”, “whenever”. And you should use not less than 8 sentences.5
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